Subject(s)
Bleomycin/adverse effects , Drug Labeling , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/etiology , Testicular Neoplasms/drug therapy , Bleomycin/therapeutic use , Cohort Studies , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Administration Schedule , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/epidemiology , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Incidence , Male , Reference Values , Risk Assessment , Testicular Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This United Kingdom Medical Research Council (UK-MRC) study prospectively evaluated efficacy and long-term toxicity of adjuvant chemotherapy in high-risk stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis (NSGCTT). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eligible patients were those identified by the local histopathologist as having features confirmed in MRC surveillance studies to indicate an approximate 50% risk of relapse. Central histopathology review was undertaken. Chemotherapy consisted of two courses of cisplatin 100 mg/m2, bleomycin 30 mg weekly x 3, and etoposide 120 mg/m2 x 3, every 21 days (BEP). RESULTS: One hundred fourteen eligible cases were enrolled. Median time of follow-up was 4 years, with 93 patients followed-up for at least 2 years. There have been two relapses, including one patient who did not have a germ cell tumor (GCT), according to the reference histopathologist. This patient is alive with active disease, the other has died. There was one death after a cerebrovascular accident during treatment. Assessment of fertility, lung function, and audiometry pretreatment and more than 9 months posttreatment indicated no clinically significant changes. A mean decrease in transfer factor coefficient (KCO) of 15% of the predicted value was noted, but no patient had symptomatic respiratory dysfunction. CONCLUSION: There have been only two relapses among 114 cases of high-risk stage I NSGCTT treated with two courses of adjuvant BEP chemotherapy. The 95% confidence interval (CI) excludes a true relapse rate of more than 5%. Of 104 patients confirmed on histopathology review to have GCT, there has been only one relapse. Adjuvant chemotherapy is free from significant long-term toxicity, offering an effective alternative to surveillance or retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) followed by surveillance, and may be preferred by some patients.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Dysgerminoma/drug therapy , Testicular Neoplasms/drug therapy , Adult , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects , Bleomycin/administration & dosage , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Cisplatin/administration & dosage , Drug Administration Schedule , Dysgerminoma/pathology , Dysgerminoma/surgery , Etoposide/administration & dosage , Humans , Male , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Neoplasm Staging , Orchiectomy , Prognosis , Risk Factors , Testicular Neoplasms/pathology , Testicular Neoplasms/surgery , Time Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Radiolabelled white cell scanning is widely used to detect the presence of infection. We present a case of non-Hodgkin s lymphoma manifesting with signs and symptoms suggestive of infection, in which a technetium-99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (99mTc-HMPAO) white cell scan demonstrated high uptake in lymph nodes involved by lymphoma. Differential cell analysis showed preferential lymphocyte labelling. The classification and management of the disease were changed accordingly. Our findings suggest that a future role for 99mTc-HMPAO labelled white cells in the assessment of disease activity of lymphoma should be investigated.