ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Some patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) show poor response to treatment. However, risk factors associated with poor therapeutic response have not been determined. METHODS: This multicenter trial evaluated consecutive outpatients with IBS undergoing treatment for more than 1 month. Mental health status and physical function were evaluated using the Japanese version of the SF-8. Therapeutic response was evaluated using the IBS severity index-Japanese version (IBS-SIJ). Patients with IBS-SIJ scores ≥175 were defined as poor responders to treatment, whereas those with IBS-SIJ scores <175 were defined as good responders. The demographic and clinical characteristics of these two groups, along with medications, were compared. RESULTS: The study enrolled 131 participants, 75 with IBS-SIJ scores ≥175-56 with IBS-SIJ scores <175. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that female sex [odds ratio (OR) 2.67, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.19-5.97, p = 0.0167] and mental component summary (MCS) of the SF-8 <40 (OR 2.58, 95 % CI 1.12-5.97, p = 0.0263) were independent risk factors for poor therapeutic response in patients with IBS. CONCLUSIONS: Lower MCS and female sex were risk factors for poor therapeutic response in patients with IBS. Ascertaining the mechanisms by which lower MCS and female sex are associated with poor therapeutic response in IBS may help design better treatments (Trial registration number: UMIN000016804).
Subject(s)
Ambulatory Care/methods , Gastrointestinal Agents/therapeutic use , Irritable Bowel Syndrome/drug therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Irritable Bowel Syndrome/diagnosis , Irritable Bowel Syndrome/psychology , Japan , Male , Mental Health , Middle Aged , Prognosis , Psychometrics , Quality of Life , Risk Factors , Severity of Illness Index , Sex Factors , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultABSTRACT
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Lymphatic flow and the incidence of lymph node metastasis in remnant stomach cancer after distal gastrectomy are obscure. There is consequent controversy about appropriate lymph node dissection in such cases. METHODOLOGY: Thirty-three consecutive patients with remnant stomach cancer and 44 consecutive patients primary gastric cancer in the upper third of the stomach were investigated retrospectively about lymphatic flow by injection of activated carbon particles, and about the incidence of lymph node metastasis. RESULTS: Lymphatic flow and the incidence of lymph node metastasis in remnant stomach cancer after distal gastrectomy without lymph node dissection were the same as those in primary gastric cancer in the upper third of the stomach. Lymphatic flow after distal gastrectomy with lymph node dissection frequently streamed toward the para-aortic lymph nodes through the lymph nodes along the greater curvature and the suprapancreatic lymph nodes. Lymphatic flow toward the jejunal and colonic mesentery was observed regardless of the method of reconstruction. This lymphogenesis was clearly observed, especially in patients with tumors invading the anastomosis site of Billroth-II reconstruction. Station Nos. 110 (lower paraesophageal) and 111 (supradiaphragmatic) lymph nodes were also stained, despite being considered sites of distant metastasis irrespective of the method of reconstruction. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of the evidence of altered lymphatic flow and the incidence of lymph node metastases in remnant stomach cancer, left upper abdominal evisceration with para-aortic lymph node dissection should be performed in advanced remnant stomach cancer.
