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1.
J Nat Med ; 67(1): 143-51, 2013 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22450730

ABSTRACT

Chresta martii (Asteraceae) is a plant found in the Xingó region (semi-arid area) in Northeastearn Brazil, and is recognized by the local population as a traditional herb used to treat gastric diseases. This is the first report of the chemical composition, acute toxicity, and gastroprotective effect in mice of the hydroalcoholic extract (HAE) from the aerial parts (leaves and flowers) of Chresta martii. Animals received HAE doses from 10 to 2000 mg/kg, i.p. or 50 to 3000 mg/kg, p.o.) and were observed over 48 h for toxicity signs and mortality; sub-chronic toxicity was evaluated through 14 days treatment with once-daily HAE doses (400 mg/kg, p.o.). The gastroprotective effect of HAE was demonstrated on the indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer model after the administration of extracts. Data comparison of ulcer index averages between saline and HAE (100 or 400 mg/kg, p.o.) groups showed significant (P < 0.01) inhibition (71.73 and 76.72 %, respectively) of indomethacin-induced gastric lesions. Histological analyses showed significant (P < 0.05) inhibition of leukocyte migration in HAE-treated groups. A fingerprint of the HAE obtained by HPLC/UV/MS analysis showed major peaks characteristic of sesquiterpene lactones. Compound 1 was isolated and elucidated as a new natural product. Its capacity to prevent leukocyte chemotaxis was demonstrated in vitro, corroborating the pharmacological effects observed for C. martii HAE.


Subject(s)
Asteraceae/chemistry , Indomethacin/toxicity , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Stomach Ulcer/chemically induced , Stomach Ulcer/drug therapy , Animals , Anti-Ulcer Agents/chemistry , Anti-Ulcer Agents/therapeutic use , Flowers/chemistry , Male , Mice , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Stomach Diseases/drug therapy
2.
Nat Prod Res ; 26(3): 274-7, 2012.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22077157

ABSTRACT

Psidium cattleianum J. Sabine (Myrtaceae) is a traditional medicinal plant in French Polynesia. The leaves and roots possess many medicinal properties. These effects may be correlated with the presence of antioxidant compounds. Seven flavonoids along with a benzoic acid were isolated from the leaves of P. cattleianum. The compounds indicated strong antioxidant and radical-scavenging activities in ALP, DPPH(·), ABTS(·-) and ORAC assays. This study demonstrates that the leaves of P. cattleianum possess main compounds with interesting antioxidant and radical-scavenging activities, as clarified by four biological assays. Our findings may justify the use of these leaves in the traditional medicine of French Polynesia. Among the total eight known compounds, reynoutrin and luteolin were isolated for the first time from the genus Psidium.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Flavonoids/pharmacology , Free Radical Scavengers/pharmacology , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Psidium/chemistry , Polynesia
3.
J Pharm Biomed Anal ; 56(5): 880-6, 2011 Dec 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21872416

ABSTRACT

The identification of novel scaffolds for the development of effective and safe treatments to fight malaria is urgently needed. One of the main opportunities is the discovery of new molecules from natural origin. A simple, robust and cost-effective colorimetric assay based on the inhibition of ß-hematin has been adapted to routinely screen plant extracts with the ultimate goal to identify novel antimalarial ingredients. The development of this assay has included a careful optimization of all critical experimental parameters. The ß-hematin assay can be completed in less than one working day, requiring a 96-well UV-vis plate reader and low-cost commercially available reagents using a standard operating protocol. It can be used on its own or in combination with the well-known Plasmodium growth inhibition assay and has the obvious merit to be informative at the early stage of drug discovery regarding the mechanism of action of the actives. A total of 40 diverse natural products and 219 plants extracts were tested. Good correlations in respect with specificity (pure compounds 85%, extracts 93%) and positive predictive value (pure compounds 72%, extracts 50%) were obtained in comparison with Plasmodium growth inhibition assay that was used as the reference assay.


Subject(s)
Antimalarials/pharmacology , Hemeproteins/antagonists & inhibitors , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plants, Medicinal/chemistry , Animals , Antimalarials/isolation & purification , Hemeproteins/biosynthesis , Plasmodium/drug effects , Plasmodium/growth & development , Solid Phase Extraction , Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
4.
J Nat Prod ; 71(5): 895-7, 2008 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18336006

ABSTRACT

Two new xanthone glycosides, corymbiferin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1) and swertiabisxanthone-I 8'-O-beta- d-glucopyranoside (2), were isolated from Gentianella amarella ssp. acuta, along with eight known xanthones: triptexanthoside C, veratriloside, corymbiferin 1-O-glucoside, swertianolin, norswertianolin, swertiabisxanthone-I, bellidin, and bellidifolin, four of them identified for the first time in G. amarella ssp. acuta. The isolation was conducted mainly by centrifugal partition chromatography, and the structures of the isolated compounds were established on the basis of spectrometric data including 2D NMR and mass spectrometry. Xanthones were weakly active against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), except triptexanthoside C, which inhibited AChE with an IC(50) of 13.8 +/- 1.6 microM. Some compounds were active against monoamine oxidases (MAO): bellidin and bellidifolin showed interesting inhibitory activity of MAO A, while swertianolin, the 8-O-glucopyranoside form of bellidifolin, gave 93.6% inhibition of MAO B activity at 10(-5) M.


Subject(s)
Cholinesterase Inhibitors/isolation & purification , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Gentianella/chemistry , Glycosides/isolation & purification , Glycosides/pharmacology , Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors/isolation & purification , Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Plants, Medicinal/chemistry , Xanthones/isolation & purification , Xanthones/pharmacology , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/chemistry , Glucosides , Glycosides/chemistry , Molecular Structure , Mongolia , Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors/chemistry , Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular , Xanthones/chemistry
5.
Phytochem Anal ; 17(5): 332-6, 2006.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17019934

ABSTRACT

A rapid qualitative HPLC-UV-MS method was developed for the detection of huperzine A in Lycopodiaceae species. HPLC coupled with mass spectrometry experiments allowed the identification of the alkaloid and enabled targeted analysis of complex matrices such as herbal extracts. Huperzine A was detected by single ion monitoring of the pseudomolecular ion [M + H]+ at m/z 243.2. The alkaloid was also detected on TLC in a bioautographic enzyme assay with acetylcholinesterase to show the activity of the compound. Four Lycopodiaceae species collected in Switzerland were tested by these methods and Huperzia selago (L.) Bernh. ex Schrank et Martius was the only species found to contain huperzine A.


Subject(s)
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Lycopodiaceae/chemistry , Mass Spectrometry/methods , Sesquiterpenes/analysis , Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet/methods , Alkaloids , Molecular Structure
6.
J Ethnopharmacol ; 103(3): 461-7, 2006 Feb 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16266794

ABSTRACT

A new prenylated salicylic acid derivative, 3-farnesyl-2-hydroxy benzoic acid (1), was isolated from the leaves of Piper multiplinervium C. DC. (Piperaceae). It showed anti-Helicobacter pylori activity (MIC 37.5 microg/ml) and antimicrobial activity at MICs between 2.5 and 5 microg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. Its structure was elucidated by means of MS, 1H and 13C NMR. The ethnomedical claim of Piper multiplinervium to treat stomach aches by the Kuna Indians of Panama may be justified by anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of its MeOH extract.


Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Farnesol/analogs & derivatives , Helicobacter pylori/drug effects , Hydroxybenzoates/pharmacology , Piper/chemistry , Anti-Infective Agents/isolation & purification , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Escherichia coli/growth & development , Farnesol/pharmacology , Helicobacter pylori/growth & development , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Molecular Structure , Panama , Plant Leaves , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Staphylococcus aureus/growth & development
7.
J Chromatogr A ; 1112(1-2): 181-94, 2006 Apr 21.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16269151

ABSTRACT

Counter-current chromatography is a very versatile separation technique which does not require a solid stationary phase. It relies simply on the partition of a sample between the two phases of an immiscible solvent system. Some of the more recent applications of the method to the separation of plant-derived natural products are described here. Crude plant extracts and semi-pure fractions can be chromatographed, with sample loads ranging from milligrams to grams. Aqueous and non-aqueous solvent systems are used and the separation of compounds with a wide range of polarities is possible. The technique is complementary to other chromatographic methods and is compatible with gradient systems. The possibilities for solvent selection are almost limitless but some guidelines for the choice of successful systems are presented.


Subject(s)
Countercurrent Distribution/methods , Plants/chemistry , Chromatography, Thin Layer , Countercurrent Distribution/instrumentation , Mass Spectrometry , Plants/metabolism , Solvents
8.
Phytochem Anal ; 16(6): 429-39, 2005.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16315487

ABSTRACT

HPLC-UV-MS analysis of the methanol extract of Jamesbrittenia fodina (Wild) O. M. Hilliard (Scrophulariaceae) revealed the presence of different iridoid cinnamic esters; however, isolation of these constituents was prevented by instability problems. HPLC-UV-MS and HPLC-NMR analysis of the mixtures obtained after a tentative isolation indicated that, in the first instance, instability was due to a light-induced cis/trans isomerisation of the cinnamic moieties. Further investigation of related compounds showed an additional instability problem linked to other chemical transformations. A detailed HPLC-NMR-MS study of these fractions demonstrated that the modifications occurred on the rhamnose moiety of these iridoids. It could be concluded that the second type of instability was attributable to transesterification of the cinnamic moiety on the rhamnose unit. The recording of stop-flow HPLC-NMR spectra for specific HPLC peaks permitted the direct monitoring of these transformations. Based on these on-line data, six new unstable aucubin derivatives were efficiently characterised.


Subject(s)
Iridoids/analysis , Iridoids/chemistry , Scrophulariaceae/chemistry , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Mass Spectrometry , Molecular Structure , Online Systems
9.
Phytochem Anal ; 16(3): 166-74, 2005.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15997849

ABSTRACT

The dichloromethane extract of the aerial parts of Blumea gariepina (Asteraceae) was shown to be active against the phytopathogenic fungus Cladosporium cucumerinum and to inhibit acetylcholinesterase. In order rapidly to identify the active principles, the crude extract was analysed by on-flow HPLC-1H-NMR. HPLC-micro-fractionation was performed and all peaks collected were submitted to assays against C. cucumerinum and acetylcholinesterase. By this means, the biological activities could be efficiently associated with selected HPLC peaks. Complementary on-line structural data for all peaks of interest in the crude extract were obtained from HPLC-MS and from HPLC-UV with post-column addition of UV shift reagents. This chemical screening strategy with integrated bioassays permitted the on-line identification of a number of constituents and gave useful information for an efficient isolation procedure.


Subject(s)
Asteraceae/chemistry , Flavonols/isolation & purification , Thymol/analogs & derivatives , Antifungal Agents/isolation & purification , Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/isolation & purification , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Chromatography, Thin Layer , Flavonols/pharmacology , Molecular Structure , Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization , Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet , Thymol/isolation & purification , Thymol/pharmacology
10.
Phytochem Anal ; 15(6): 355-64, 2004.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15595450

ABSTRACT

In order to evaluate the possible use of the leaves instead of the roots of Vismia guineensis as a new source for the traditional use of this drug, the chemical composition of both organs were compared by HPLC-UV/PAD and HPLC-MS analyses. The leaves are analysed here for the first time. The results show the presence of five major classes of secondary metabolites having specific chromophores: anthraquinones, vismiones, flavonoids, xanthones and benzophenones. The molecular weights and characteristic fragments, compared with previous EI or HPLC-MS literature data, allowed the partial identification of the major peaks in the chromatograms. Six additional isomeric bianthrones and one anthraquinone were detected in the dichloromethane extract of the roots after long storage in solution; the targeted isolation of the bianthrones was performed and enabled the identification of two original C-geranyl derivatives. The chemical compositions of the extracts demonstrated that only a minority of the constituents is shared by both organs. Thus, in order to establish a definitive phytoequivalence, additional pharmacological investigations are required.


Subject(s)
Anthracenes/analysis , Clusiaceae/chemistry , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Plant Roots/chemistry , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Flavonoids/analysis , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Mass Spectrometry/methods , Medicine, African Traditional , Molecular Structure , Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet/methods
11.
J Ethnopharmacol ; 93(1): 43-9, 2004 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15182903

ABSTRACT

Sixty-seven crude ethanol extracts from 50 plants (31 families), which are used in North Côte-d'Ivoire as traditional remedies for bacterial diseases, were screened for in vitro activity against Gram negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes and Bacillus subtilis) bacteria. Thirty-one extracts showed antibacterial activity only on Gram positive bacteria. Of these, 10 extracts from 10 plant species had a promising level of activity against bacteria including strains resistant to antibiotics such as aminosides, penicillin M, macrolides, lincosamide and streptrogramin B. The most active was Erythrina senegalensis DC (Fabaceae) followed by Bobgunnia madagascariensis (Desv.) J.H. Kirkbr. & Wiersema (Caesalpinaceae), Waltheria lanceolata R. Br. ex Mast. (Sterculiaceae), Uapaca togoensis Pax. (Euphorbiaceae), Ximenia americana L. (Olacaceae), Khaya senegalensis (Ders.) A. Juss. (Meliaceae), Lannea acida A. Rich. (Anacardiaceae), Cissus populnea Guill. & Perr. (Vitaceae), Keetia hispida (Benth.) Bridson (Rubiaceae) and Ficus thonningii (Miq.) A. Rich. (Moraceae). This is the first report of the antibacterial potency of these 10 plant species on a range of bacteria. The results provided evidence that some of the studied plants might indeed be potential sources of new antibacterial agents, also against some antibiotic-resistant strains.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Medicine, African Traditional , Plants, Medicinal , Anti-Bacterial Agents/isolation & purification , Cote d'Ivoire , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/methods , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Structures
12.
J Nat Prod ; 66(12): 1550-3, 2003 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14695794

ABSTRACT

Heliotropamide (1), a new alkaloid with a novel oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxamide central moiety, has been isolated as the major product of the dicholoromethane extract of Heliotropium ovalifolium aerial parts. Its structure was elucidated by spectrometric methods including ESI-HR, EI, D/CI mass spectrometry, (1)H, (13)C, and 2D NMR experiments, and chemical derivatization. Neither heliotropamide nor its acetylated derivative (1a) showed any antifungal activity against Cladosporium cucumerinum and Candida albicans, antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, radical-scavenging properties in the DPPH test, or inhibitory potential toward acetylcholinesterase.


Subject(s)
Alkaloids/isolation & purification , Anti-Bacterial Agents/isolation & purification , Antifungal Agents/isolation & purification , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/isolation & purification , Free Radical Scavengers/isolation & purification , Heliotropium/chemistry , Plants, Medicinal/chemistry , Pyrrolidines/isolation & purification , Alkaloids/chemistry , Alkaloids/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Antifungal Agents/chemistry , Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Bacillus subtilis/drug effects , Candida albicans/drug effects , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/chemistry , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Cladosporium/drug effects , Free Radical Scavengers/chemistry , Free Radical Scavengers/pharmacology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Molecular Structure , Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular , Pyrrolidines/chemistry , Pyrrolidines/pharmacology , Zimbabwe
13.
J Chromatogr A ; 1020(1): 75-89, 2003 Dec 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14661759

ABSTRACT

The bark of catuaba (Erythroxylum vacciniifolium Martius, Erythroxylaceae), a tree native to the northern part of Brazil, was investigated for its alkaloid content. With the aim of obtaining preliminary structure information on-line, the alkaloid extract was analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array UV detection, to mass spectrometry and to nuclear magnetic resonance. Interpretation of on-line spectroscopic data obtained from this extract led to structural elucidation of six new alkaloids and partial identification of 18 potentially original alkaloids bearing the same tropane skeleton esterified in positions 3 and 6 by 1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-carboxylic acid and/or 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid.


Subject(s)
Alkaloids/analysis , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Erythroxylaceae/chemistry , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Mass Spectrometry/methods , Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet/methods , Alkaloids/chemistry , Molecular Structure , Tropanes/chemistry
14.
Phytochem Anal ; 14(5): 290-7, 2003.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14516001

ABSTRACT

The prenylated phloroglucinol hyperforin, thought to be an essential component for the anti-depressant activity of St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum), is unstable. The facile oxidative degradation of hyperforin poses serious problems for standardisation, and may also dramatically affect the pharmacological activity of the extracts. Hyperforin was dissolved in hexane and stored at room temperature for 3 days and yielded various closely related degradation products which, although difficult to isolate on the preparative scale, have been analysed by on-flow and stop-flow HPLC-NMR and HPLC-MS/MS. From on-line spectroscopic data, and with the aid of complementary in-mixture standard NMR two-dimensional correlation experiments, the different oxidised forms of hyperforin were found to be phloroglucinol derivatives in which a hydroxy-dihydrofuran ring is formed involving the enol OH at C-7 or C-9 (tautomeric form) and the prenyl chain at C-8 of the core nucleus of hyperforin. The strategy followed for the on-line identification of these constituents is discussed.


Subject(s)
Hypericum/chemistry , Terpenes/chemistry , Bridged Bicyclo Compounds , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Isomerism , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Mass Spectrometry/methods , Molecular Structure , Oxidation-Reduction , Phloroglucinol/analogs & derivatives , Spectrum Analysis , Terpenes/standards
15.
Phytochemistry ; 64(2): 543-8, 2003 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12943772

ABSTRACT

Five isopimarane diterpenes (7beta-hydroxyisopimara-8,15-dien-14-one, 14alpha-hydroxyisopimara-7,15-dien-1-one, 1beta,14alpha-dihydroxyisopimara-7,15-diene, 7beta-hydroxyisopimara-8(14),15-dien-1-one and 7beta-acetoxyisopimara-8(14),15-dien-1-one) have been isolated from the leaves of Hypoestes serpens (Acanthaceae). All compounds exhibited antifungal activity against both the plant pathogenic fungus Cladosporium cucumerinum and the yeast Candida albicans; two of them also displayed an acetylcholinesterase inhibition. The structures of the compounds were determined by means of spectrometric methods, including 1D and 2D NMR experiments and MS analysis.


Subject(s)
Acanthaceae/chemistry , Antifungal Agents/chemistry , Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Diterpenes/chemistry , Diterpenes/pharmacology , Antifungal Agents/isolation & purification , Candida albicans/drug effects , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/chemistry , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/isolation & purification , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Cladosporium/drug effects , Diterpenes/isolation & purification , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization/methods
16.
Fitoterapia ; 74(4): 378-83, 2003 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12781810

ABSTRACT

Thirty-five crude extracts from 11 Panamanian plants, distributed in 10 genera and five families, were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicity. Four extracts exhibited an inhibition of cellular growth at IC(50) values lower than 25 microg/ml which was considered a significant activity.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plants, Medicinal , Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/drug therapy , Humans , Inhibitory Concentration 50 , Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy , Medicine, Traditional , Panama , Plant Components, Aerial , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Plant Leaves , Plant Stems , Tumor Cells, Cultured/drug effects
17.
Forsch Komplementarmed Klass Naturheilkd ; 10 Suppl 1: 9-12, 2003 Apr.
Article in German | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12808356

ABSTRACT

In comparison with other medicinal plants, the history of use of Echinacea is relatively short. The plant originates from North America and was employed by the indigenous Indians. The first archaeological evidence dates from the 18th century. Included in the name Echinacea or purple coneflower are several species of the Asteraceae family: Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench, Echinacea angustifolia DC. and Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt. Information about the use of the plant from traditional healers ranges from external application for wounds, burns and insect bites to the chewing of roots for toothache and throat infections, and internal application for pain, coughs, stomach cramps and snake bites. The interest of white settlers was also drawn to this medicinal plant. The first Echinacea preparation, known as Meyers Blood Purifier, arrived on the market around 1880, with rheumatism, neuralgia and rattlesnake bites as indications. At the beginning of the 20th century, Echinacea was the most frequently used plant preparation in the USA. Commercial cultivation was started in Germany around 1939. The introduction and cultivation of Echinacea in Switzerland by A. Vogel was around 1950. Chemists and pharmacologists became interested in Echinacea and many constituents are now known, such as polysaccharides, echinacoside, cichoric acid, ketoalkenes and alkylamides. The extracts exhibit immunostimulant properties and are mainly used in the prophylaxis and therapy of colds, flu and septic complaints. Although there are over 400 publications concerning the plant and dozens of preparations of Echinacea n the market, the true identity of the active principles still remains open.


Subject(s)
Echinacea , Phytotherapy/history , Plant Extracts/history , Adjuvants, Immunologic/history , Adjuvants, Immunologic/therapeutic use , Common Cold/drug therapy , Common Cold/history , Common Cold/prevention & control , Echinacea/chemistry , Europe , History, 18th Century , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Humans , North America , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use
18.
Fitoterapia ; 74(3): 237-41, 2003 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12727487

ABSTRACT

A new triterpenoid saponin was isolated from the roots of Silene cucubalus and its structure was determined on the basis of one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy as gypsogenin 3-O-beta-xylopyranosyl-(1-->3)-[beta-galactopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta-glucuronopyranoside. A known saponin, quillaic acid 3-O-beta-xylopyranosyl-(1-->3)-[beta-galactopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta-glucuronopyranoside, was also isolated.


Subject(s)
Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Saponins/chemistry , Silene , Triterpenes/chemistry , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Plant Roots
19.
Phytochem Anal ; 14(2): 67-73, 2003.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12693629

ABSTRACT

LC-UV-MS analysis of the methanol extract of Jamesbrittenia fodina O. M. Hilliard (Scrophulariaceae) revealed the presence of cinnamic ester derivatives. Two isomeric pairs of these constituents were detected, but could not be isolated. In order to identify these unstable compounds, LC-1H-NMR spectra were obtained for each individual isomer and standard NMR measurements were performed in-mixture. The spectra clearly demonstrated that the fractions consisted of mixtures of cis and trans cinnamoyl catalpol glycoside esters.


Subject(s)
Chromatography, Liquid/methods , Glucosides/analysis , Glucosides/chemistry , Iridoids/analysis , Iridoids/chemistry , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Mass Spectrometry/methods , Scrophulariaceae/chemistry , Glucosides/metabolism , Iridoid Glucosides , Iridoids/metabolism , Molecular Structure , Plant Components, Aerial/chemistry
20.
Phytother Res ; 17(2): 190-3, 2003 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12601687

ABSTRACT

Eleven compounds isolated from the heartwood of Mansonia gagei were tested for their antifungal activities against Cladosporium cucumerinum and Candida albicans, as well as for their larvicidal activities against Aedes aegypti and radical scavenging properties in a DPPH assay. Mansonone C (4) was found to be the most interesting compound with antifungal activities against Cladosporium cucumerinum and Candida albicans as well as for its larvicidal properties against Aedes aegypti. Mansonone E (5) was active against Cladosporium cucumerinum and Candida albicans. Two coumarin derivatives, mansorin A (1) and mansorin B (2) were also found to be active against Cladosporium cucumerinum, while mansonone N (9) was the only isolated product to show radical scavenging properties.


Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Insecticides/pharmacology , Malvaceae , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Aedes/drug effects , Animals , Antifungal Agents/administration & dosage , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Antioxidants/administration & dosage , Antioxidants/therapeutic use , Biphenyl Compounds , Candida albicans/drug effects , Cladosporium/drug effects , Free Radical Scavengers/administration & dosage , Free Radical Scavengers/pharmacology , Free Radical Scavengers/therapeutic use , Insecticides/administration & dosage , Larva/drug effects , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Picrates , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Trees
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