ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To compare the periodontal indices and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) between the use of self-ligating brackets and conventional brackets. METHODS: Thirty patients were divided into 2 groups(n=15). Self-ligating brackets were used in the experimental group. Conventional brackets were used in the control group. Clinical periodontal indices, including plaque index (PLI), gingival index (GI) and probing depth (PD) of observed teeth were examined at three different time points: Before orthodontic treatment, the first month after treatment and the third month after treatment. Subgingival plaques were collected simultaneously at each time point. The number of total bacteria and P. gingivalis in each sample were detectd and quantitated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, the percentage of P. gingivalis in total bacteria was obtained. RESULTS: Before treatment, the periodontal indices and the percentage of P. gingivalis in total bacteria had no difference between the two groups (P>0.05). After 1 and 3 months respectively, the periodontal indices and the percentage of P. gingivalis in total bacteria increased with time (P<0.05) and were obviously lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Compared with conventional brackets, the self-ligating brackets are better for periodontal health. But it is adverse effect on oral health.
Subject(s)
Periodontal Index , Porphyromonas gingivalis , Dental Plaque , Dental Plaque Index , HumansABSTRACT
The mechanism of orthodontic pain and discomfort is poorly understood partly because of the limited number of animal behavioral models for pain assessment. This study aimed to develop a behavioral model for assessment of tooth-movement pain in rats using directed face-grooming activity. Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-300 g were used. They were videotaped on days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 after experimental tooth movement and their directed face-grooming behavior was evaluated. In addition, we also evaluated behavioral responses to the application of a progressively higher magnitude force and to multiple applications of an equal magnitude force. Finally, the effects of peripherally and systemically administered morphine and of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, MK-801, on the behavioral responses were evaluated. The results indicated that time spent on directed face-grooming activity increased dramatically after initiating experimental tooth movement. The change concurred with the initial orthodontic pain response. This behavioral change was reproducible and was related to force magnitude. Application of both systemic and peripheral morphine and MK-801 could exert an analgesic effect on this pain model. These results suggest that directed face-grooming behavior can be a reliable measure for tooth-movement pain in rats, which could be widely used in investigating the orthodontic pain mechanism.
Subject(s)
Disease Models, Animal , Facial Pain/etiology , Grooming/physiology , Tooth Movement Techniques/adverse effects , Animals , Dental Alloys , Dizocilpine Maleate/therapeutic use , Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/therapeutic use , Facial Pain/prevention & control , Grooming/drug effects , Male , Morphine/therapeutic use , Naloxone/therapeutic use , Narcotic Antagonists/therapeutic use , Narcotics/therapeutic use , Nickel , Orthodontic Wires , Pain Measurement , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/antagonists & inhibitors , Stress, Mechanical , Time Factors , Titanium , Tooth Movement Techniques/instrumentation , Videotape RecordingABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether there is a short negative psychological influence on adolescent patients at the beginning of the fixed orthodontic treatment. METHODS: 150 patients (average 14.8 years old) were selected. All the patients accepted the fixed appliance treatment. They completed a questionnaire regarding anxiety and depression at the first day when they came to the hospital (T1) and 7 days after fixed appliance insertion (T2). 129 effective questionnaires were received. The scales of anxiety and depression of subjects were assessed according to the questionnaires. RESULTS: Comparing the scales of questionnaires before treatment (T1) and 7 days after placement of fixed appliance (T2), there was a significant increase in anxiety and depression scales in female patients, extraction cases and patients who were unwilling to see an orthodontist. CONCLUSION: There is a certain extent of negative psychological influence on adolescent patients during fixed orthodontic treatment. At the first week after the placement of fixed appliance, three kinds of subjects, female patients, extraction cases and patients who were unwilling to see an orthodontist would suffer from anxiety and depression in emotional reflection.
