Inhibition of the deubiquitinating enzyme USP47 as a novel targeted therapy for hematologic malignancies expressing mutant EZH2.

Activating mutations in EZH2, the catalytic component of PRC2, promote cell proliferation, tumorigenesis, and metastasis through enzymatic or non-enzymatic activity. The EZH2-Y641 gain-of-function mutation is one of the most significant in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Although EZH2 kinase inhibitors, such as EPZ-6438, provide clinical benefit, certain cancer cells are resistant to the enzymatic inhibition of EZH2 because of the inability to functionally target mutant EZH2, or because of cells' dependence on the non-histone methyltransferase activity of EZH2. Consequently, destroying mutant EZH2 protein may be more effective in targeting EZH2 mutant cancers that are dependent on the non-catalytic activity of EZH2. Here, using extensive selectivity profiling, combined with genetic and animal model studies, we identified USP47 as a novel regulator of mutant EZH2. Inhibition of USP47 would be anticipated to block the function of mutated EZH2 through induction of EZH2 degradation by promoting its ubiquitination. Moreover, targeting of USP47 leads to death of mutant EZH2-positive cells in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, we propose targeting USP47 with a small molecule inhibitor as a novel potential therapy for DLBCL and other hematologic malignancies characterized by mutant EZH2 expression.

A review on the extraction, purification, detection, and pharmacological effects of 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-ß-d-glucoside from Polygonum multiflorum.

2,3,5,4,-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-ß-d-glucoside (TSG) is the main active constituent of the traditional Chinese medicine, Polygonum multiflorum; it was discovered that the compound has various biological activities and medicinal value including anti-aging, antioxidative (via scavenging free radicals), antihypercholesterolemic, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and anti-tumor effects. TSG aids in prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. With its wide clinical application, its separation and purification has become a research hotspot. In this paper, the pharmacological action, extraction process, and application prospects of TSG were reviewed in order to provide references for further development of TSG.