ABSTRACT
A health survey on access to water and a chemical and bacteriological analysis were conducted between May and October 2010 on 200 tanks of drinking water in 669 households in a peri-urban area of Abidjan. The results show that 70% of the population used piped water and that 64% of the population used approximately 20 litres of water per person per day. The study found that households that used alternative sources of water spent more than those that used piped water (p < 0,001). The study also found that 75.6% of the surveyed households stored water. The survey showed that 81% of the samples contained coliforms and 42.5% contained Escherichia coli. The presence of bacteria can be explained by the large quantities of water stored in open containers (i.e. containers without lids). Basic water supply combined with health education and safe water storage containers are needed.
Subject(s)
Drinking Water , Water Supply , Cote d'Ivoire , Drinking Water/microbiology , Humans , Sanitation , Suburban PopulationSubject(s)
Administrative Personnel/organization & administration , Conservation of Natural Resources/legislation & jurisprudence , Decision Making, Organizational , Public Health/legislation & jurisprudence , Research Personnel/organization & administration , Africa, Central , Africa, Western , Cooperative Behavior , Ecosystem , Humans , Interinstitutional Relations , Interprofessional Relations , Policy MakingABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Neonatal infection is frequent with rate of lethality between 20 to 70% in the developing countries. Among these neonatal infections, urinary infection is serious .The diagnosis of urinary infection is based on cytobacteriological exam. But it is rarely done for economic reasons. Principal objective of this survey was to identify the germs responsible for the urinary infections at the newborn in order to propose an adequate therapeutic algorithm. STUDY: From July to December 2004, 720 newborns hospitalized in neonatalogy for neonatal infection were enrolled. Specimens of urines were collected in view of cytobacteriological exam. Culture was positive for 136 samples (18,9%). About etiology of urinary infections, enterobacteria were predominant with 77,5% against 26,5% for cocci Gram positive. The frequency of isolation of the enterobacteria was following: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter and Levinea with respectively 32%, 28%, 28% and 12%. The rates of global resistance of the enterobacteria to the usual antibiotics varied from 66,7% to 85,7% for the amoxicilline associated to the clavulanic acid; of 25% to 66,7% for the ceftriaxone; and of 0 to 33,3% for the amikacine.
