Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 8 de 8
Filter
Add more filters










Database
Publication year range
1.
J Plant Physiol ; 171(2): 148-53, 2014 Jan 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24331430

ABSTRACT

pea-MADS4 (PEAM4) regulates floral morphology in Pisum sativum L., however, its molecular mechanisms still remain unclear. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a recently developed reverse genetic approach that facilities an easier and more rapid study of gene functions. In this study, the PEAM4 gene was effectively silenced by VIGS using a pea early browning virus (PEBV) in wild type pea JI992. The infected plants showed abnormal phenotypes, as the floral organs, especially the sepals and petals changed in both size and shape, which made the corolla less closed. The petals changed in morphology and internal symmetry with, the stamens reduced and carpel dehisced. Larger sepals and longer tendrils with small cauline leaves appeared, with some sepals turning into bracts, and secondary inflorescences with fused floral organs were formed, indicating a flower-to-inflorescence change. The infected plants also displayed a delayed and prolonged flowering time. The PEAM4-VIGS plants with altered floral morphology were similar to the pim (proliferating inflorescence meristem) mutant and also mimicked the phenotypes of ap1 mutants in Arabidopsis. The expression pattern of the homologous genes PsSOC1a and PsSVP, which were involved in flowering time and florescence morphological control downstream of PEAM4, were analyzed by real-time RT-PCR and mRNA in situ hybridization. PsSOC1a and PsSVP were ectopically expressed and enhanced in the floral meristems from PEAM4-silenced plants. Our data suggests that PEAM4 may have a similar molecular mechanism as AtAP1, which inhibits the expression of PsSOC1a and PsSVP in the floral meristem from the early stages of flower development. As such, in this way PEAM4 plays a crucial role in maintaining floral organ identity and flower development in pea.


Subject(s)
Flowers/anatomy & histology , Flowers/genetics , Pisum sativum/physiology , Plant Proteins/genetics , Gene Silencing , Phenotype , Plant Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors , Plant Proteins/metabolism
2.
Fen Zi Xi Bao Sheng Wu Xue Bao ; 41(5): 367-75, 2008 Oct.
Article in Chinese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19127772

ABSTRACT

The ovarium is hypostasy in Camptotheca acuminate Decne.. It has a locule and an ovule. The ovule is pendulous, anatropous andunitegmic. The ovule of Camptotheca acuminate Decne. is pseudocrassinucellate ovule. The development of embryo sac is polygonum type. Cytokinesis during the meiosis of microspore mother cells is of simultaneous type. The arrangement of microspores in tetrad is tetrahedral and isobilateral. One-nucleate microspore is triangle. Maturity pollen is triangle, circular and square. This paper mainly studied the megasporogenesis and microsporogenesis, and studied the development of their female and male gametophyte in Camptotheca acuminate Decne., and preliminarily discussed the cause of the part pistil abortion in Camptotheca acuminate Decne.


Subject(s)
Camptotheca/cytology , Flowers/cytology , Pollen/cytology , Camptotheca/genetics , Camptotheca/physiology , Flowers/genetics , Flowers/physiology , Meiosis , Pollen/genetics , Pollen/physiology
3.
Fen Zi Xi Bao Sheng Wu Xue Bao ; 39(4): 383-9, 2006 Aug.
Article in Chinese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16955798

ABSTRACT

The morphological changes in the cultures of sepal segments in Sinningia speciosa Hiern were observed with Zeiss Stemi 2000-C Stereomicroscope from 0 to 65 days after culture in vitro. The light yellow globular protuberances were observed on the cut edge and the surface of sepal segments after culture for 24 days. Then the globular protuberances grew bigger gradually. A lot of floral buds on the surface of sepal segments formed after culture for 60 days. The morphological changes in the cultures of sepal segments were studied with light microscopy after culture for 0 to 30 days as well. The cells of tissues of sepal segments arranged regularly and no dividing cell was observed on the first day culture. There appeared some small meristematic centers of dividing cells on cut edge and the lower epidermis on the 7th day after culture. To the 20th day culture in vitro, the floral organ primordia were differentiated on the cut edge. On the 30th day culture, floral buds with petal, stamen primordia were observed. In addition, the morphological changes in the cultures of sepal segment were studied during the 14 to 30 days culture with scanning microscopy as well.


Subject(s)
Flowers/physiology , Magnoliopsida/physiology , Regeneration/physiology , Flowers/anatomy & histology , Flowers/ultrastructure , Magnoliopsida/anatomy & histology , Magnoliopsida/ultrastructure , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Tissue Culture Techniques
4.
Shi Yan Sheng Wu Xue Bao ; 38(6): 490-500, 2005 Dec.
Article in Chinese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16416966

ABSTRACT

The anther of Magnolia biloba is tetrasporangiate with glandular tapetum, which consists of one or two layers of cells. Cytokinesis during meiosis of its microspore mother cell is modified simultaneous type, and the microspore tetrads are isobilateral. Mature pollen grains are two-celled. Tetrad cells and microspores are irregularly shaped during the microsporogenesis. There were two ovules on the ventral surface of unicarpellate ovary wall. Ovules were anatropous, bitegmnous and crassinucellar. Archesporial cell was one cell and differentiated from cell in the second layer beneath epidermis. The development of the embryo sac conformed to the polygonum type. The embryological characteristics of Magnolia biloba are very similar to those of other species in Magnoliaceae. The megasporogenesis and microsporogenesis and the development of their female and male gametophyte are partially abnormal. Abnormal phenomena in the process of reproduction of Magnolia biloba causing this species to be endangered was discussed.


Subject(s)
Gametogenesis, Plant/physiology , Magnolia/cytology , Ovule/cytology , Pollen/cytology , Magnolia/physiology , Microscopy , Ovule/physiology , Pollen/physiology
5.
Shi Yan Sheng Wu Xue Bao ; 37(3): 241-6, 2004 Jun.
Article in Chinese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15323428

ABSTRACT

The phenomena of direct regeneration of floral buds on young flower bud and sepal cultures in vitro were observed in Sinningia speciosa Hiern. The gibberellin concentration in medium was very important for inducing the direct regeneration of floral buds. No direct floral bud was regenerated when the concentration of gibberellin (GA) supplemented in medium was equal to or less than 0.5 mg/L. The young floral buds and sepals inoculated on modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.0-1.5 mg/L GA and 0.1 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) for 40 days produced floral buds directly on the surface of the sepals. There were two types of the floral buds regenerated directly: one was only with floral buds, which was up to 14.3%; the other was with both floral and vegetative buds, which was up to 28.6%. The effect of exogenous GA on the formation of floral buds in Sinningia cultured in vitro is discussed.


Subject(s)
Flowers/drug effects , Gibberellins/pharmacology , Magnoliopsida/drug effects , Plant Growth Regulators/pharmacology , Regeneration/drug effects , Flowers/physiology , Magnoliopsida/physiology , Regeneration/physiology
6.
Shi Yan Sheng Wu Xue Bao ; 36(1): 76-81, 2003 Feb.
Article in Chinese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12751214

ABSTRACT

Six types of floral homeotic variants of in vitro seedlings were observed in doubleflower sinningia. Type I, red and green mosaic petals exist in the outermost whorl of petal-whorls, 2.38%. Type II, the outermost whorl of petal-whorls exhibit green petals with thin yellow edge, 25.0%. Type III, green petals exist in the innermost side of normal red petal whorls, 1.78%. Type IV, multiple whorls of green petals exist in the inner side of normal sepals, no stamen and carpel, 1.67%. Type V, it exhibits duplicated whorls of sepals in the outermost, 7.14%. Type VI, it exists multiple whorls of green sepals, no petal, stamen and carpel, 0.12%. The total percentage of all types of floral homeotic variants is up to 38.1%. The distribution of nodal site of homeotic flowers were analyzed, and the results showed that the homeotic flower occurred mainly at the fourth and fifth nodes.


Subject(s)
Flowers/growth & development , Magnoliopsida/growth & development , Culture Media , Flowers/genetics , Genetic Variation , Magnoliopsida/genetics
7.
Shi Yan Sheng Wu Xue Bao ; 36(5): 347-52, 2003 Oct.
Article in Chinese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14724946

ABSTRACT

Changes of endogenous hormones and polyamines(PAs) contents during floral differentiation (0-6 day) in cucumber cotyledonary nodes cultured in vitro were determined by using HPLC. The results showed that all four endogenous hormones decreased obviously within 0-2 day and increased slightly within 4-5 day after culture. This indicated that low levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberelline(GA3) and abscisin acid(ABA) during 0-2 day were favorable to floral primordia differentiation, while high level of zeatin(ZT) during 3-5 day was favorable to floral organ primordia differentiation. Contents of spermine(Spm), spermidine(Spd) and cadavarine(Cad) were decreased within 0-1 day, but increased within 1-4 day, and then decreased again within 4-5 day after culture. On the contrary, content of putrescine(Put) was increased significantly on the first day and then declined during 1-6 day. Changes of PAs contents indicated that high levels of PAs and Put were favorable to floral primordia differentiation, the increasing of Spm after the second day was favorable to floral organ primordia differentiation, and change of Cad content may be one of the characteristic symbols between floral and vegetative bud differentiation.


Subject(s)
Biogenic Polyamines/metabolism , Cucumis sativus/growth & development , Cucumis sativus/metabolism , Plant Growth Regulators/metabolism , Culture Techniques , Flowers/growth & development , Flowers/metabolism , Gibberellins/metabolism , Indoleacetic Acids/metabolism , Plant Shoots/growth & development , Plant Shoots/metabolism , Putrescine/metabolism , Spermidine/metabolism , Spermine/metabolism , Zeatin/metabolism
8.
Shi Yan Sheng Wu Xue Bao ; 35(2): 147-50, 2002 Jun.
Article in Chinese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15344334

ABSTRACT

Cotyledonary nodes of cucumber cultured on calcium-free medium for 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6d respectively, were transferred to medium with 6.0 mmol/L CaCl2 for 24h, then returned to calcium-free medium. Cotyledonary nodes cultured on calcium-free or 6.0 mmol/L CaCl2 medium for all time, were taken as controls. Results showed that cotyledonary nodes were transferred to 6.0 mmol/L CaCl2 medium for 24h during 0-3d after the beginning of culture, percentage of floral bud formation at cotyledonary nodes was increased significantly. Transferring cotyledonary nodes on the 3d day after the beginning of culture was achieved best effect, percentage of floral bud formation was up to 34.3%. We deduced that the calcium sensitive period during floral differentiation of cucumber cotyleddonary node cultured in vitro may be 0-4d after the beginning of culture.


Subject(s)
Calcium Chloride/pharmacology , Cotyledon/cytology , Cotyledon/drug effects , Cucumis sativus/cytology , Cucumis sativus/drug effects , Flowers/cytology , Flowers/drug effects , Cell Differentiation/drug effects , Cotyledon/growth & development , Cucumis sativus/growth & development , Flowers/growth & development
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...