Smartwatch measurement of blood oxygen saturation for predicting acute mountain sickness: Diagnostic accuracy and reliability.

Objective: This study aims to assess the accuracy and stability of smartwatches in predicting acute mountain sickness (AMS). Methods: In locations exceeding an altitude of 2500 m, a cohort of 42 subjects had their Lake Louise AMS self-assessment score, blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), heart rate, and perfusion index measured using smartwatches, with the data seamlessly conveyed to the Huawei Cloud. Results: A significant decrease in SpO2 was observed in individuals positive for AMS compared to those negative (p < 0.05), with the mild AMS group exhibiting significantly lower SpO2 levels than the non-AMS group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, SpO2 emerged as a significant, independent predictor of AMS [ß=-0.086, p < 0.01, OR (95% CI) = 0.92 (0.87-0.97)], indicating that each unit increase in SpO2 decreases the probability of AMS occurrence by 8.6%. Conclusion: The Huawei smartwatches have demonstrated efficacy in diagnosing and foretelling AMS at elevations exceeding 4000 m, showcasing significant reliability and high precision in SpO2 measurement.

Characterization of Cd-, Pb-, Zn-resistant endophytic Lasiodiplodia sp. MXSF31 from metal accumulating Portulaca oleracea and its potential in promoting the growth of rape in metal-contaminated soils.

The aim of this study was to characterize the features of a Cd-, Pb-, and Zn-resistant endophytic fungus Lasiodiplodia sp. MXSF31 and to investigate the potential of MXSF31 to remove metals from contaminated water and soils. The endophytic fungus was isolated from the stem of Portulaca oleracea growing in metal-contaminated soils. The maximum biosorption capacities of MXSF31 were 3.0 × 10(3), 1.1 × 10(4), and 1.3 × 10(4) mg kg(-1) for Cd, Pb, and Zn, respectively. The biosorption processes of Cd, Pb, and Zn by MXSF31 were well characterized with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The biosorption isotherm processes of Pb and Zn by the fungus were fitted better with the Langmuir model, while the biosorption processes of Cd was better fitted with the Freundlich model. The biosorption process of MXSF31 was attributed to the functional groups of hydroxyl, amino, carbonyl, and benzene ring on the cell wall. The active biomass of the strain removed more Cd, Pb, and Zn (4.6 × 10(4), 5.6 × 10(5), and 7.0 × 10(4) mg kg(-1), respectively) than the dead biomass. The inoculation of MXSF31 increased the biomass of rape (Brassica napus L.), the translocation factor of Cd, and the extraction amount of Cd by rape in the Cd+Pb-contaminated soils. The results indicated that the endophytic fungus strain had the potential to remove heavy metals from water and soils contaminated by multiple heavy metals, and plants accumulating multiple metals might harbor diverse fungi suitable for bioremediation of contaminated media.

Enhancement of phytoremediation of Cd- and Pb-contaminated soils by self-fusion of protoplasts from endophytic fungus Mucor sp. CBRF59.

The aim of this study was to isolate protoplasts from endophytic fungi and to carry out self-fusion of protoplasts for their enhancement of metal resistance. Self-fusant CBRF59T3 with resistance to 25 mM Cd(II) was constructed by self-fusion of inactivated protoplasts from Mucor sp. CBRF59. The inoculation of CBRF59 and CBRF59T3 improved significantly the availability of Cd(II) and Pb(II) in the soil. Compared with CBRF59, CBRF59T3 inoculation increased the content of water-soluble Cd(II) by 24%. The dry weight of rape inoculated with CBRF59 and CBRF59T3 was both higher than that of the uninoculation rape. Inoculation of CBRF59T3 further increased the dry weight of rape by 62% than CBRF59 in the higher Cd(II)-+Pb(II)-contaminated soil. Compared with CBRF59, CBRF59T3 inoculation increased the concentration of Cd(II) in rape shoots by 35-189% in Cd(II)- and Cd(II)-+Pb(II)-contaminated soils. The inoculation of CBRF59T3 also enhanced the translocation of Cd(II) from roots to shoots and increased the amount of extracted Cd(II) by rape. The results indicated that the mutants constructed by protoplast fusion is a feasible and efficient method to improve stress tolerance of uncharacterized fungi for phytoremediation of soils contaminated by heavy metals.