Myricetin attenuates renal fibrosis by activating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway to inhibit oxidative stress / 药学学报

This paper investigates the effect of myricetin (MYR) on renal fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and common bile duct ligation (CBDL) in mice and its mechanism. The animal experiment has been approved by the Ethics Committee of China Pharmaceutical University (NO: 2022-10-020). Thirty-five ICR mice were divided into control, UUO, UUO+MYR, CBDL and CBDL+MYR groups. H&E and Masson staining were used to detect pathological changes in kidney tissues. Western blot (WB) was used to detect the expression of fibrosis-related proteins in renal tissue, and total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity detection kit (WST-8) was used to detect the changes of total SOD in renal tissue of CBDL mice. In vitro, HK-2 cells and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1, 10 ng·mL-1) were used to induce fibrotic model, and high glucose (30 mmol·L-1) was used to induce oxidative stress model, and then treated with different concentrations of MYR, WB was used to detect the expression of fibrosis and oxidative stress-related proteins, while NIH/3T3 cells were treated with different concentrations of MYR, and their effects on cell proliferation were detected by 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (Brdu). The results showed that the renal lesions in UUO group and CBDL group were severe, collagen deposition was obvious, the expression of collagen-Ⅰ (COL-Ⅰ), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), fibronectin (FN), vimentin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) protein was up-regulated, and the activity of SOD enzyme in CBDL group was significantly decreased. MYR partly reversed the above changes after treatment. MYR inhibited the proliferation of NIH/3T3 cells but had no effect on the proliferation of HK-2 cells, and decreased the upregulation of PAI-1, FN and vimentin in HK-2 cells stimulated by TGF-β1. MYR can also up-regulate the down-regulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in HK-2 cells stimulated by high glucose. To sum up, MYR can improve renal fibrosis in vivo and in vitro, probably by inhibiting the proliferation of fibroblasts and activating Nrf2/HO-1 signal pathway to inhibit oxidative stress.

New insights into MXene applications for sustainable environmental remediation.

Multiple ecological contaminants in gaseous, liquid, and solid forms are vented into ecosystems due to the huge growth of industrialization, which is today at the forefront of worldwide attention. High-efficiency removal of these environmental pollutants is a must because of the potential harm to public health and biodiversity. The alarming concern has led to the synthesis of improved nanomaterials for removing pollutants. A path to innovative methods for identifying and preventing several obnoxious, hazardous contaminants from entering the environment is grabbing attention. Various applications in diverse industries are seen as a potential directions for researchers. MXene is a new, excellent, and advanced material that has received greater importance related to the environmental application. Due to its unique physicochemical and mechanical properties, high specific surface area, physiological compatibility, strong electrodynamics, and raised specific surface area wettability, its applications are growing. This review paper examines the most recent methods and trends for environmental pollutant removal using advanced 2D Mxene materials. In addition, the history and the development of MXene synthesis were elaborated. Furthermore, an extreme summary of various environmental pollutants removal has been discussed, and the future challenges along with their future perspectives have been illustrated.

Risk factors for neonatal asphyxia and establishment of a nomogram model for predicting neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture: a multicenter study / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the risk factors for neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture and establish a nomogram model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia.@*METHODS@#A retrospective study was conducted with 613 cases of neonatal asphyxia treated in 20 cooperative hospitals in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture from January to December 2019 as the asphyxia group, and 988 randomly selected non-asphyxia neonates born and admitted to the neonatology department of these hospitals during the same period as the control group. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify risk factors for neonatal asphyxia. R software (4.2.2) was used to establish a nomogram model. Receiver operator characteristic curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis were used to assess the discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia, respectively.@*RESULTS@#Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that minority (Tujia), male sex, premature birth, congenital malformations, abnormal fetal position, intrauterine distress, maternal occupation as a farmer, education level below high school, fewer than 9 prenatal check-ups, threatened abortion, abnormal umbilical cord, abnormal amniotic fluid, placenta previa, abruptio placentae, emergency caesarean section, and assisted delivery were independent risk factors for neonatal asphyxia (P<0.05). The area under the curve of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia based on these risk factors was 0.748 (95%CI: 0.723-0.772). The calibration curve indicated high accuracy of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia. The decision curve analysis showed that the model could provide a higher net benefit for neonates at risk of asphyxia.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The risk factors for neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture are multifactorial, and the nomogram model based on these factors has good value in predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia, which can help clinicians identify neonates at high risk of asphyxia early, and reduce the incidence of neonatal asphyxia.

Patient-reported outcome measures and value-based medicine in paediatrics: a timely review

Healthcare delivery is moving towards a more personalised and patient-centric approach. There is now an appropriate emphasis on providing value in our healthcare system. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) assess our patients' perceptions of the status of their health and quality of life, measured over a period of time. PROM is an integral component of a value-driven and value-based healthcare system and is key if we want to practise value-based medicine. In paediatrics and child health, PROMs, if implemented well with appropriate measurement tools that are regularly updated and validated in a self-learning healthcare ecosystem, will help to enhance personalised healthcare delivery and collectively improve the health of the community at large. This review covers the role of PROMs in paediatrics, as well as their role in value-based medicine.

Analysis of the impact of health management measures for entry personnel on imported Dengue fever in Guangdong Province, 2020-2022 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To explore the impact of health management measures for entry personnel (entry management measures) against COVID-19 on the epidemiological characteristics of imported Dengue fever in Guangdong Province from 2020 to 2022. Methods: Data of imported Dengue fever from January 1, 2016 to August 31, 2022, mosquito density surveillance from 2016 to 2021, and international airline passengers and Dengue fever annual reported cases from 2011 to 2021 in Guangdong were collected. Comparative analysis was conducted to explore changes in the epidemic characteristics of imported Dengue fever before the implementation of entry management measures (from January 1, 2016 to March 20, 2020) and after the implementation (from March 21, 2020 to August 31, 2022). Results: From March 21, 2020, to August 31, 2022, a total of 52 cases of imported Dengue fever cases were reported, with an imported risk intensity of 0.12, which were lower than those before implementation of entry management measures (1 828, 5.29). No significant differences were found in the characteristics of imported cases before and after implementation of entry management measures, including seasonality, sex, age, career, and imported countries (all P>0.05). 59.62% (31/52) of cases were found at the centralized isolation sites and 38.46% (20/52) at the entry ports. However, before implementation of entry management measures, 95.08% (1 738/1 828) of cases were found in hospitals. Among 51 cases who had provided entry dates, 82.35% (42/51) and 98.04% (50/51) of cases were found within seven days and fourteen days after entry, slightly higher than before implementation [(72.69%(362/498) and 97.59% (486/498)]. There was significant difference between the monthly mean values of Aedes mosquito larval density (Bretto index) from 2020 to 2021 and those from 2016 to 2019 (Z=2.83, P=0.005). There is a strong positive correlation between the annual international airline passengers volume in Guangdong from 2011 to 2021 and the annual imported Dengue fever cases (r=0.94, P<0.001), and a positive correlation also existed between the international passenger volume and the annual indigenous Dengue fever cases (r=0.72, P=0.013). Conclusions: In Guangdong, the entry management measures of centralized isolation for fourteen days after entry from abroad had been implemented, and most imported Dengue fever cases were found within fourteen days after entry. The risk of local transmission caused by imported cases has reduced significantly.

Impact of assisted reproductive technology on birth weight discordance in twins / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To explore the association between assisted reproductive technology (ART) and birth weight discordance in twins (BWDT).@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was conducted on twin infants born between January 2011 and December 2020 at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, with complete basic birth data. The impact of ART on the occurrence of BWDT was identified by the multivariate logistic regression analysis.@*RESULTS@#A total of 3 974 pairs of twins were included, with 1 431 conceived naturally and 2 543 through ART. Neonates in the ART group had higher birth weights than those in the naturally conceived group (P<0.001). The incidence of BWDT was lower in the ART group compared to the naturally conceived group (16.17% vs 21.09%, P<0.001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis, adjusting for confounding factors such as maternal age, parity, pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational diabetes, hypothyroidism, gestational age, and chorionic properties, showed no significant difference in the risk of BWDT between the ART and naturally conceived groups (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#ART is not associated with the risk of BWDT.

MODY5 Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1ß (HNF1ß)-Associated Nephropathy: experience from a regional monogenic diabetes referral centre in Singapore.

From our monogenic diabetes registry set-up at a secondary-care diabetes center, we identified a nontrivial subpopulation (~15%) of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) among people with young-onset diabetes. In this report, we describe the diagnostic caveats, clinical features and long-term renal-trajectory of people with HNF1B mutations (HNF1B-MODY). Between 2013 and 2020, we received 267 referrals to evaluate MODY from endocrinologists in both public and private practice. Every participant was subjected to a previously reported structured evaluation process, high-throughput nucleotide sequencing and gene-dosage analysis. Out of 40 individuals with confirmed MODY, 4 (10%) had HNF1B-MODY (harboring either a HNF1B whole-gene deletion or duplication). Postsequencing follow-up biochemical and radiological evaluations revealed the known HNF1B-MODY associated systemic-features, such as transaminitis and structural renal-lesions. These anomalies could have been missed without prior knowledge of the nucleotide-sequencing results. Interestingly, preliminary longitudinal observation (up to 15 years) suggested possibly 2 distinct patterns of renal-deterioration (albuminuric vs. nonalbuminuric chronic kidney disease). Monogenic diabetes like HNF1B-MODY may be missed among young-onset diabetes in a resource-limited routine-care clinic. Collaboration with a MODY-evaluation center may fill the care-gap. The long-term renal-trajectories of HNF1B-MODY will require further studies by dedicated registries and international consortium.

Course of disease and related epidemiological parameters of COVID-19: a prospective study based on contact tracing cohort / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To analyze the course of disease and epidemiological parameters of COVID-19 and provide evidence for making prevention and control strategies. Methods: To display the distribution of course of disease of the infectors who had close contacts with COVID-19 cases from January 1 to March 15, 2020 in Guangdong Provincial, the models of Lognormal, Weibull and gamma distribution were applied. A descriptive analysis was conducted on the basic characteristics and epidemiological parameters of course of disease. Results: In total, 515 of 11 580 close contacts were infected, with an attack rate about 4.4%, including 449 confirmed cases and 66 asymptomatic cases. Lognormal distribution was fitting best for latent period, incubation period, pre-symptomatic infection period of confirmed cases and infection period of asymptomatic cases; Gamma distribution was fitting best for infectious period and clinical symptom period of confirmed cases; Weibull distribution was fitting best for latent period of asymptomatic cases. The latent period, incubation period, pre-symptomatic infection period, infectious period and clinical symptoms period of confirmed cases were 4.50 (95%CI:3.86-5.13) days, 5.12 (95%CI:4.63-5.62) days, 0.87 (95%CI:0.67-1.07) days, 11.89 (95%CI:9.81-13.98) days and 22.00 (95%CI:21.24-22.77) days, respectively. The latent period and infectious period of asymptomatic cases were 8.88 (95%CI:6.89-10.86) days and 6.18 (95%CI:1.89-10.47) days, respectively. Conclusion: The estimated course of COVID-19 and related epidemiological parameters are similar to the existing data.

Analysis on characteristics and influencing factors of COVID-19 confirmed cases with viral nucleic acid re-positive after discharge in Guangdong Province / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of COVID-19 confirmed cases with viral nucleic acid re-positive in anal and/or throat swabs after discharge during the domestic imported epidemic stage in Guangdong Province in early 2020. Methods: The COVID-19 confirmed cases with the onset time before March 1, 2020 in Guangdong Province were collected to analyze the demographic data, epidemiological characteristics, and specimen collection and testing data after discharge. Logistic regression model was used for influencing factors analysis of re-positive cases. Results: A total of 1 286 COVID-19 confirmed cases were included, the M(Q1,Q3) of age was 44(32,58)years, 617 cases were male, 224 cases were re-positive in anal and/or throat swabs with the re-positive rate 17.42%. The M(Q1,Q3) of age of re-positive cases was 35(23, 50) years, which was younger than that of re-negative cases age was those 46(33, 59) years (P<0.001). With the increase of age, re-positive rate decreased (χ2trend=52.73, P<0.001). 85.27% (191/224) of re-positive cases were found in 14 d after discharge, the duration time of re-positive status was 13(7, 24) d, and 81.69% (183/224) of re-positive cases were re-tested negative in 28 d after re-positive date. No fever and other symptoms had been observed among re-positive cases during the whole follow-up. No secondary infectious cases had been found among close contacts after 14 d of centralized isolation and sampling screening. Univariate logistic regression model analysis revealed that the influencing factors of the re-positive cases included age, occupation, clusters, clinical types, and admission time. Multivariate logistic regression model analysis revealed that age was an independent risk factor. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 viral nucleic acid re-positive is found in COVID-19 confirmed cases after discharge in Guangdong Province. Most re-positive cases are confirmed among 14 d after discharge and re-test to negative among 28 d after re-positive date. Age is an risk factor for re-positive cases after discharge.

Efficacy and safety of hemoporfin photodynamic therapy for port-wine stains in paediatric patients: A retrospective study of 439 cases at a single centre.

BACKGROUND: Although hemoporfin photodynamic therapy is a promising treatment approach for port-wine stains, its efficacy in children has not been sufficiently assessed. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this approach in a paediatric population. METHODS: We retrospectively analysed the medical records of 439 children with port-wine stains receiving hemoporfin photodynamic therapy at our institution from July 2017 to January 2020. They received intravenous hemoporfin (hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether, 5 mg/kg), followed by lesion irradiation with a 532-nm green LED light for 20-25 min. The stains' blanching degree and occurrence of adverse events were registered. RESULTS: Overall, 95.2% of patients showed an 'effective response' (>20% fading) and 74.3% showed almost-complete resolution and great improvement (≥60% fading). Red and pink lesions showed better response than purple lesions (P < 0.05). Neck and facial lesions showed better response than the trunk and extremity lesions (P < 0.05). The response of the patients to the PDT showed a cumulative effect of the treatment session. No photosensitivity or systemic adverse reactions were observed. Transient local adverse effects included swelling, purpura, crusts, and pigmentation, which resolved without treatment. Only 2% of children had permanent scars, likely related to scratching crusts. CONCLUSIONS: Hemoporfin photodynamic therapy was well tolerated and effective in paediatric Chinese patients with port-wine stains. It could be recommended as the first choice, over pulsed-dye laser therapy, for treating port-wine stains, particularly for large lesions. This should be evaluated in direct clinical trials.

High-performance InGaAs/InAlAs single-photon avalanche diode with a triple-mesa structure for near-infrared photon detection.

We present a novel, to the best of our knowledge, InGaAs/InAlAs single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) with a triple-mesa structure. Compared with the traditional mesa structures, the horizontal distribution of the electric field decreases dramatically, while the peaks of the electric field at the mesa edges are well eliminated in the triple-mesa structure, leading to an excellent suppression of the surface leakage current and premature breakdown. Furthermore, the temperature coefficient of the breakdown voltage was measured to be as small as 37.4 mV/K within a range from 150 to 270 K. Eventually, one of the highest single-photon detection efficiencies of 35% among all the InGaAs/InAlAs SPADs with a decent dark count rate of ${3.3} \times {{10}^7}\;{\rm Hz}$ was achieved at 240 K. Combined with the inherent ease of integration of the mesa structure, this high-performance triple-mesa InGaAs/InAlAs SPAD provides an effective solution for the fabrication of SPAD arrays and the on-chip integration of quantum systems.

Advances in natural products that target the tumor microenvironment / 药学学报

The tumor microenvironment (TME), a dynamic and complex local environment, interacts with the tumor cells and is closely related to tumor growth, metastasis, immune escape and drug resistance. Thus, targeting the TME has been a worldwide focus in cancer therapy. Many natural products possess the advantages of multiple targets, multiple pathways and wide pharmacological functions, and are the main source of antitumor drugs. In recent years studies have found that some natural products had advantageous effects on the TME. In this review, we summarize the components and functions of the TME and some natural products that target the TME, with references to the drug therapy of cancer.

Clinical Observation on Effect of Toujie Quwen Granules in Treatment of COVID-19 / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To analyze the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） Toujie Quwen granules in the treatment of coronavirs disease-2019（COVID-19） in the early stage, and its effect on relevant inflammatory index expression of COVID-19. Method:A total of 65 COVID-19 cases were diagnosed and divided into 2 groups: the treatment group （n=32） and the control group （n=33）. Before and after treatment，TCM syndrome score，WBC，LYM，LYM%，NEU%，PCT，CRP and D-dimer were compared. Result:After 10 days of treatment，the TCM syndrome score of the treatment group was significantly reduced（P<0.05），while the absolute value of lymphocyte was up-regulated，with statistically significant differences（P<0.05）， according to the inter-group comparison, there were statistically significant differences in the absolute value of LYM and NEU%（P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in WBC count and LYM%. The levels of CRP，PCT and D-dimer in the two groups were reduced after treatment，with statistically significant differences between two groups （P<0.05）. After treatment，the differences of CRP and PCT was statistically significant between both groups（P<0.05），but the difference in D-dimer was not statistically significant. There was no difference in the effect of chest CT examination between the both groups. Conclusion:The clinical syndrome and inflammatory particles of COVID-19 can be alleviated by early and timely use of Toujie Quwen granules.

Expression of Treg/Th17 Cells in Patients with HBV-ACLF in Different Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome " Yanghuang-Yinyanghuang-Yinhuang" / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To detect the expression levels of peripheral blood Treg/Th17 cells and related cytokines in patients with Hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) with different traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome " Yanghuang-Yinyanghuang-Yinhuang" , in order to explore the cellular immunological characteristics of different TCM syndromes of liver failure. Method::The 32 cases of patients with HBV-ACLF in early, middle and late stages in line with the " Yanghuang-Yinyanghuang-Yinhuang" TCM syndrome grouping were selected. Flow cytometry was used to detect the frequency expression of Treg/Th17 cells in peripheral blood. The expression levels of interleukin-10(IL-10), transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β), interleukin-17A(IL-17A), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-23(IL-23) were detected by cytometric bead array (CBA). The expressions of transcription factor forkhead box P3(FoxP3) and retinoid-related orphan nuclear receptor-γt(ROR-γt) mRNA were detected by Real-time PCR. The SPSS 20.0 software was applied in data statistics and processing to analyze the expression characteristics of Treg/Th17 cells and related cytokines in patients with different TCM syndrome types of HBV-ACLF. Result::The patients with HBV-ACLF Yanghuang syndrome were mainly distributed in the early stage of liver failure, those with Yinyanghuang syndrome were mainly distributed in the middle stage, and those with Yinhuang syndrome were distributed in the late stage. From Yanghuang syndrome, Yinyanghuang syndrome to Yinhuang syndrome, the frequency of Treg and Th17 cells gradually increased, and the differences among the groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). From Yanghuang syndrome, Yinyanghuang syndrome to Yinhuang syndrome, Treg cytokines IL-10, TGF-β gradually increased, and the differences among the groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Th17 cytokines IL-17A, TNF-α, IL-23 gradually increased, of which IL-17A were differences between Yanghuang syndrome and the Yinyanghuang syndrome, as well as Yanghuang syndrome and Yinhuang syndrome (P<0.05). From Yanghuang syndrome, Yinyanghuang syndrome to Yinhuang syndrome, the expression of FoxP3 was gradually decreased, while that of ROR-γt was gradually increased, and the differences among the groups were statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion::There is a certain correlation between the different course of early, middle and late stages of HBV-ACLF and the distribution of TCM syndromes. The frequency of Treg and Th17 cells and the correlation of IL-17A, TGF-β and IL-10 with TCM syndrome differentiation are related, suggesting that Treg and Th17 cells have a certain reference value for the diagnosis of patients with HBV-ACLF and the syndrome differentiation of TCM syndromes.

Tanshinone IIA Ameliorates Spatial Learning and Memory Deficits by Inhibiting the Activity of ERK and GSK-3ß.

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia which is becoming a primary problem in the present society, but it lacks effective treatment methods and means of AD. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) has been reported to have neuroprotective effects to restrain the Aß25-35-mediated apoptosis. However, few studies try to understand how Aß1-42 affects hyperphosphorylation of tau and how Tan IIA regulates this process at the molecular level. METHODS: Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups and infused through the lateral ventricle with Aß1-42 except the control group. Then the rats were treated with Tan IIA through intragastric administration for 4 weeks. After the ability of learning and memory being measured, histomorphological examination and Western blot were used to detect the possible mechanism in the AD-associated model rats. RESULTS: We observed that Aß1-42 infusion could induce spatial learning and memory deficits in rats. Simultaneously, Aß1-42 also could reduce the neuron in cornu ammonis 1 and dentate gyrus of hippocampus, as well as increase the levels of cleaved caspase 3, hyperphosphorylated tau at the sites Ser396, Ser404, and Thr205 with enhancing staining of black granules in brain. We also found that Aß1-42 could increase the activity of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) and glycogen synthase kinase-3ß (GSK-3ß). Meanwhile, these phenomena could be ameliorated when Tan IIA was used. CONCLUSION: We concluded that Tan IIA might have neuroprotective effect and improving learning and memory ability to be a viable candidate in AD therapy with mechanisms involving the ERK and GSK-3ß signal pathway.

Determination of Sugar,Fructose,Mannose and Glucose in Shenxiong Glucose Injection by UPLC-MS/MS / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To establish a method for determining arabinose, mannose, fructopyranose and amylaceum in Shenxiong glucose injection by UPLC-MS/MS, so as to provide the basis for the scientific evaluation of the quality of Shenxiong glucose injection, and lay a foundation for the safe use of drugs in clinic. Method: Domestic GDX-403 solid-phase extraction column was used to purify Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH Xbridge Amide column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 μm)at the column temperature of 35℃, and the mobile phase was 0.1% ammonia, 0.1% acetonitrile-0.1% ammonia water and water 85:15. The contents of arabinose, mannose, fructose and glucose in Shenxiong glucose injection were determined by UPLC-MS/MS with a flow rate of 0.3 mL·min-1. Result: A method was established to determine arabinose, mannose, fructopyranose and amylaceum in Shenxiong glucose injection. The concentration range of arabinose, mannose, fructopyranose and amylaceum showed a good linear relationship with the peak area, with a good repeatability and precision. Recoveries were 98.43%, 102.13%, 100.72%, 101.75%, and RSD were 2.4%, 1.3%, 3.1%, 2.7%. Arabinose and mannose content were stable in five batches of Shenxiong glucose injection. Conclusion: The method is simple and specific. Compared with the determination of total sugar, the method is more scientific and stable, and can be used for the quality control of Shenxiong glucose injection.

Suanzaoren Tang Exerts Neuroprotective Effect by Inhibiting Hippocampal Neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 Double Transgenic Mice / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the effect of Suanzaoren Tang on hippocampal neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 mice and to explore its possible mechanism of neuroprotection. Method:The mice were randomly divided into blank group, model group, donepezil group(0.92 mg·kg-1), Suanzaoren Tang low and high-dose groups(12.96,25.92 g·kg-1). After 30 days of continuous administration in each group, pathological changes of dentate gyrus (DG) in hippocampus of mice in each group were observed by Nissl staining.The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in serum of each group were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in hippocampus of each group. The expression levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ionic calcium binding protein 1 (IBA1) in hippocampus of each group were detected by immunohistochemical staining (ICH) and Western blot. Result:Compared with blank group, the granule cells in DG region were unevenly arranged in model group, with obvious cell loss, and the nissl bodies in some neurons disappeared or condensed, serum TNF-α and IL-1β content significantly increased (Pα and IL-1β mRNA expression quantity significantly increased (PPα and IL-1β in the serum were decreased(PPα and IL-1β mRNA in the hippocampus were decreased(PPPPConclusion:Suanzaoren Tang can improve neuronal loss in APP/PS1 double transgenic mice, and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of hippocampal neuroinflammation in mice.

A new phenolic glycoside from honey-fried Eriobotrya japonica / 中国中药杂志

A total of twelve compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate of the water extract of honey-fried Eriobotrya japonica through column chromatography over silica gel,Sephadex LH-20,RP-18,and preparative HPLC. Their structures were established by MS,1 D NMR and 2 D NMR data as japonicanoside A( 1),nerolidol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-( 1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside( 2),nerolidol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-( l→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-( 1 → 2)-[α-L-( 4-trans-feruloyl)-rhamnopyranosyl-( 1 → 6) ]-β-D-glucopyranoside( 3),( +)-catechin( 4),(-)-epicatechin( 5),kaempferol 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside( 6),quercitrin( 7),quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside( 8),quercetin-3-O-β-glucopyranoside( 9),vanillin( 10),protocatechuic aldehyde( 11),and maltol( 12). Among them,1 is a new phenolic glycoside.

A clinical study of HMME-PDT therapy in Chinese pediatric patients with port-wine stain.

OBJECTIVE: To report our observations from a trial of the effectiveness and safety of hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether photodynamic therapy (HMME-PDT) in treating Chinese Pediatric patients port-wine stains (PWS). METHOD: From October 2017 to December 2017, the study recruited 82 patients of PWS with negative HMME skin test results. The patients received an intravenous injection of 5 mg/kg HMME and the affected areas were exposed to 532 nm LED green light, with the irradiation power density between 80-85 mW/cm2. Each light spot was irradiated for 20-25 min. After two treatments, the clinical efficacy and posttreatment reactions at each treated area were observed. RESULT: The patient age between 1 and 14 years old. 24 of the 82 cases were cured (29.27%) after two HMME-PDT treatment, 34 cases indicates a good efficacy (41.46%), 16 cases showed alleviation (19.51%), while 8 cases displayed no efficacy (9.76%). Pain was observed during treatment, and post-treatment edema was observed at the treated areas. No other obvious systematic adverse reaction were reported. CONCLUSION: HMME-PDT is an effective and safe treatment for pediatric patients with PWS.

Evaluation of Double Antigen Sandwich Time-resolved Fluoroimmunoassay for Specific Total Antibodies to Treponema Pallidum / 现代检验医学杂志

Objective To evaluation the performance of double antigen sandwich time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay(TRFIA)for specific total antibody to Treponema pallidum (TP).Methods Specific total antibody to TP was detected by a double antigen TRFIA based on recombinant multi epitope chimeric antigen.The methodological precision,low limit of detection,accuracy,linearity,reference standard coincidence rate and other analytical performance indicators were evaluated,and clinical comparison research trials were completed.The x2 test was used for the difference between two methods results,the P ＜0.05 which represents the difference was statistically significant.Results The intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients of var iation (CV) were both less than 10％ respectively.The low limit of detection was 0.05 mIU/ml.The relative deviation of de tecting the national standard was not exceed 10％.The linear range was 1.50～ 155.00 mIU/ml and the linear correlation co efficient could be reached 0.999 9.The performance of detection national reference could meet the national accreditation requirements.The consistent rate was 100 ％ when the TRFIA methodology detected the standardized serum plate.The parallel test of TRFIA and treponema pallidum gelatin agglutination test (TPPA) were completed,the total coincidence rate was 99.56％,and the Kappa index was 0.990 6.Conclusion Their result showed that the TRFIA methodology is high sensitivity,accuracy,wide linear range,and highly clinical coincidence rate,which is valuable for clinical application.