ABSTRACT
Pacific saury is a primarily wild-caught fish in Taiwan and contains high amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Therefore, its consumption is encouraged by Taiwanese government due to its high nutrition values and affordable price. In this study, four products, Minced saury with pork, Minced saury with XO sauce, Crispy dried saury, and Saury roll with roe, were developed. Optimization of the processing and ingredients were determined by a group of expert panelists, then by a large group of regular consumers. Total bacterial count, coliform, Escherichia coli, volatile base nitrogen, water content, and water activity were analyzed for shelf-life stability. In addition, the indexes of oil oxidation such as acid values, peroxide, and thiobarbituric acid were determined for the oil quality of products. Compositions of fatty acids and fragrant compounds were also analyzed. All microbial, physicochemical, and oil oxidation indexes of the products complied with the official regulations and industrial standards of Taiwan. Composition of fragrant compounds closely related with sensory characteristics and PUFAs composition were not degraded by the processing and storage. A new brand name, Hsiung-Chou, and the logo were established and the products were contracted to manufacturers for commercial production. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13197-022-05432-1.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Febrile convulsion (FC) and Tourette syndrome (TS) are both common neurological disorders in infants and children. Both disorders share clinical similarities, such as paroxysmal symptoms with normal neurodevelopment and expected remission over time. This population-based study investigated the association between FC with TS during childhood neurodevelopment. METHOD: We used the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database to conduct a retrospective cohort analysis on 1586 FC patients. A reference cohort of 6344 non-FC patients, matched for age, sex, urbanization level, parental occupation, and index year, was used for comparison. The risk of the occurrence of TS in FC patients was assessed using a Cox proportional hazard regression model. RESULTS: The overall incidence of TS was higher in the FC cohort than in the non-FC cohort (28.5 vs 13.9 per 10,000 person-years; adjusted hazard ratio=1.91, 95% confidence interval=1.32-2.75). The associated risk factors for FC patients to develop TS were boys, children living in rural areas, and children whose parents held blue-collar positions. Moreover, the risk of TS in FC patients rose from 0.89 to 16.0 (trend test P<0.0001) when the frequency of FC-related medical visits increased from 1 to 2 times to more than 4 times. The adjusted hazard ratio for TS in related to FC-related medical visits was 1.02 (95% CI=1.02-1.03) per one frequency increment. CONCLUSION: FC may increase the risk of subsequent TS occurrence in children. Children who had frequent medical visits for FC were particularly vulnerable.
