[Evaluation of health education in primary school students from schistosomiasis-endemic areas around Poyang Lake by KAP hierarchical evaluation method].

OBJECTIVE: To quantitatively evaluate the intervention effect of schistosomiasis health education on the knowledge, attitude and behavior (KAP) among the primary school students. METHODS: A questionnaire was designed to collect baseline data. Questionnairing was conducted among students of grades 3 and 4 from the Central Primary School, Liyuzhou Primary School, and Meichi Primary School in Wuxing Farm of Nanchang City in June 2010. Eighty-four students from Central Primary School were selected as experiment group, and 62 students in the other two schools served as control group. Health education intervention (knowledge lectures, information dissemination, intensive education and so on) was conducted for the students in experiment group from September 2010 to October 2011. Final KAP questionnaire survey was carried out after intervention. A KAP hierarchical evaluation method was used to calculate the KAP scores in the two groups before and after intervention. RESULTS: After health education, the total KAP score in experiment group increased from 8.40 before education to 9.36 (t = 2.994 4, P < 0.01), higher than that of the control (8.53, t = 5.335 5, P < 0.01). The scores of knowledge, attitude and behavior of schistosomiasis control increased from 6.16, 9.10, and 8.67 before education to 8.12, 9.86, and 9.45 after education in experiment group (t = 5.716 8, P < 0.01; t = 3.2764, P < 0.01; t = 3.276 4, P < 0.01), respectively. Compared to the experiment group, after health education the scores of knowledge (6.34, t = 3.517 5, P < 0.01) and attitude of schistosomiasis control (9.43, t = 2.311 9, P < 0.05) were lower in control group; but no significant difference was found on the score of behavior between the two groups. After health education, the scores of 26 indices in experiment group were higher than that of the control and before education. CONCLUSION: The health education intervention is effective for schistosomiasis control in the experiment school.

[Evolution of spatial-temporal pattern of schistosome infection rates in Nanchang County, Jiangxi Province].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the evolution of spatial-temporal pattern of schistosome infection rates in Nanchang County, Jiangxi Province. METHODS: Based on the data of schistosome infection rates at unit of administrative villages during 2006 to 2009, the evolution of spatial-temporal pattern of schistosome infection rates was analyzed by means of global Moran's I, Getis-Ord General G, local Getis-Ord Gi and variogram. RESULTS: Since 2006, the global Moran's I index increased, and all the Getis-Ord General G index G (d) values were 0.02, all the Z(d) values were of statistic significance (all P values were < 0.01). The hotspots mainly distributed in the northeast and southeast of the county, while the cold spots and secondary cold spots mainly distributed in the southwest. The optimal fitted variograms of the 3 years were all Gaussian model, the Nugget coefficient decreased from 0.026 to 0.006. The spatial autocorrelation of schistosome infection rates got stronger, the ranges shrank by 9.04%. CONCLUSION: The schistosome infection rates in Nanchang County have a tendency of clustering towards the areas along the lake, and the impact of the structural factors is increasing, but the effect range of spatial correlation is decreasing.

[Comparison of knowledge, attitude and practice of students left at home or not on schistosomiasis prevention and control].

The questionnaire survey on knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP)of students left at home or not about schistosomiasis prevention and control showed that there were no statistically significant differences of the scores of KAP between the two groups of students (all P values were above 0.05).

[Systematic surveillance of water body in schistosomiasis susceptible areas in Nanchang County by sentinel mice].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the status of cercariae of Schistosoma japonicum in water bodies of the Nanchang County section of Poyang Lake region. METHODS: By using sentinel mice, the schistosome infectivity of water bodies was detected in 8 surveillance areas (59 experimental points in total) along the Fu River, Wuxing Farm, south branch of the Ganjiang River, and middle branch of the Ganjiang River from June to July 2011. RESULTS: A total of 600 sentinel mice were placed in the experimental areas and 584 were retrieved, among which 577 mice were dissected and 1 mouse was infected with S. japonicum (4 worms collected), with the infection rate of 0.17%. CONCLUSION: By using the sentinel mouse method to survey the water body schistosome infectivity, the status of Oncomelania snails should be mainly considered, and the infection rate of sentinel mice is affected by water situation, water level, flow velocity, etc.

[Spatial clustering detecting for schistosomiasis in Nanchang County].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the cluster of schistosomiasis in Nanchang County, Jiangxi Province. METHODS: Based on the data of schistosome infection cases and population, the spatial analysis technology, global autocorrelation and hotspot detection methods in ArcGIS 9.2 software were used to render the spatial autocorrelation coefficient graph. The autocorrelation index change trend of schistosome infection rates in different spatial scales was described. In addition, the hotspot area of schistosome infection rates in study area was detected by using the representative distance for pace parameters combined with actual situation. RESULTS: The spatial distribution of schistosome infection in study area was characteristic of clusters in 2009. The spatial autocorrelation coefficient graph indicated that the peak of wave happened in the distances of 1 900 m, 2 600 m, 3 800 m and 5 000 m, respectively. Comparing with the geographical conditions, the hotspots in 5 000 m spatial scale were more realistic than other distances. In this scale, 2 hotspots and 2 second hotspots were explored. CONCLUSION: The spatial clustering analysis combined with the spatial autocorrelation analysis can explore the schistosomiasis gathering area more precisely.

Triterpenoid saponins from Dipsacus asper and their activities in vitro.

Two new triterpenoid saponins 1 and 2, along with six known saponins 3-8, were isolated from the roots of Dipsacus asper. The structures of new compounds were established as 3-O-ß-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 â†’ 4)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 â†’ 3)]-ß-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 â†’ 3)-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 â†’ 2)-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-hederagenin-28-O-ß-d-glucopyranoside (dipsacus saponin J, 1) and 3-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-hederagenin-28-O-ß-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 â†’ 6)-ß-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 â†’ 6)-ß-d-glucopyranoside (dipsacus saponin K, 2). The structures were determined by extensive analysis of their spectroscopic data. Compounds 6 and 7 could significantly stimulate UMR106 cell proliferation and increase alkaline phosphatase activities in UMR106 cell at the concentration of 4 µM.