Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress Associated with the Risk of Potentially Malignant Oral Disorders.

AIM: To investigate the effect of oxidative stress biomarkers on the risk of potentially malignant oral disorders (PMODs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 208 male adults with PMODs and an equal number of same-age control patients were enrolled. Plasma biomarkers of oxidative stress, measured with 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 8-isoprostane (8-ISO), were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. PMODs were diagnosed in accordance with the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. RESULTS: A significant association between a high level of 8-ISO and an increased risk of PMODs was identified [odds ratio (OR)=1.71, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.12-2.63; p=0.013]. This positive association was stronger among patients with PMOD subtype of leukoplakia (OR=1.94, 95% Cl=1.24-3.06; p=0.004). However, no significant association was observed between plasma 8-OHdG levels and overall risk of PMODs or subtypes. CONCLUSION: Increased plasma 8-ISO levels may indicate the prominence of lipid peroxidation in the development of PMODs, particularly leukoplakia.

Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress Associated with the Risk of Potentially Malignant Oral Disorders.

AIM: To investigate the effect of oxidative stress biomarkers on the risk of potentially malignant oral disorders (PMODs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 208 male adults with PMODs and an equal number of same-age control patients were enrolled. Plasma biomarkers of oxidative stress, measured with 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 8-isoprostane (8-ISO), were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. PMODs were diagnosed in accordance with the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. RESULTS: A significant association between a high level of 8-ISO and an increased risk of PMODs was identified [odds ratio (OR)=1.71, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.12-2.63; p=0.013]. This positive association was stronger among patients with PMOD subtype of leukoplakia (OR=1.94, 95% Cl=1.24-3.06; p=0.004). However, no significant association was observed between plasma 8-OHdG levels and overall risk of PMODs or subtypes. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that increased plasma 8-ISO levels may indicate the prominence of lipid peroxidation in the development of PMODs, particularly leukoplakia.

Incidence and risk factors of depression after diagnosis of lung cancer: A nationwide population-based study.

This study aimed to explore the incidence and risk factors of depression after lung cancer diagnosis. Using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD), incidences and risk factors of depression in lung cancer and nonlung cancer cohorts were analyzed.From 1998 to 2006, a total of 22,125 patients were included in each matched cohort of lung cancer and nonlung cancer patients from NHIRD. The incidence of depression was higher in the lung cancer cohort than in the nonlung cancer cohort (1545.8 vs 1366.6 per 100,000 person-years). An increased risk of depression was observed in the lung cancer cohort [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 1.16, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.01-1.34, P = .0377]. In lung cancer patients, age ≤50 years (aHR: 2.72, 95% CI: 2.02-3.66, P < .0001), age 50 to 69 years (aHR: 2.34, 95% CI: 1.87-2.94, P < .0001), female gender (aHR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.26-1.80, P < .0001), coronary artery disease (CAD) (aHR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.08-1.82, P = .0113), and operation (aHR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.46-2.16, P < .0001) were associated with an increased risk of depression. In addition, higher incidences of emergency room (ER) visit (4.76 vs 2.82, per person-year) and admission (5.73 vs 4.33, per person-year) were observed in lung cancer patients with depression than those without depression.Our results showed that early surveillance and intervention of depression should be advocated after a diagnosis of lung cancer.

Statin improves survival in patients with EGFR-TKI lung cancer: A nationwide population-based study.

Long-term use of statins has been reported to reduce the risk of death in patients with lung cancer. This study investigated the effect of statin use among patients with lung cancer receiving epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKIs) therapy. A nationwide, population-based case-control study was conducted using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. From January 1, 1997 to December 31, 2012, a total of 1,707 statin and 6,828 non-statin matched lung cancer cohorts with EGFR-TKIs treatment were studied. Statin use was associated with a reduced risk of death (HR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.54-0.62, p < 0.001). In addition, statin use was associated with a significantly longer median progression-free survival (8.3 months, 95% CI: 7.6-8.9 vs. 6.1 months, 95% CI: 6.0-6.4, p < 0.001) and median overall survival (35.5 months, 95% CI: 33.8-38.1 vs. 23.9 months, 95% CI: 23.4-24.7, p < 0.001). In conclusion, statins might potentially enhance the therapeutic effect and increase survival in patients with lung cancer receiving EGFR-TKI therapy.

Association between endothelial nitric oxide synthase polymorphisms and risk of metabolic syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies inferring that the NOS3 gene was associated with the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MetS) had inconsistent findings. We investigated the role of three NOS3 polymorphisms (T-786C, intron 4b/a, and G894T) in the risk of MetS using a hospital-based case-control study. METHODS: We recruited 339 MetS cases and 783 non-MetS controls at a central Taiwanese hospital. Information on sociodemographic and lifestyle factors was obtained using a self-administered questionnaire. Genotypes of NOS3 polymorphisms were compared between cases and controls. Effects of interactions between gene polymorphisms and smoking and between gene polymorphisms and drinking on the risk of MetS were also determined. RESULTS: The T-786C TC+CC genotype was significantly associated with a decreased risk of MetS (odds ratio (OR), 0.63; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.43-0.91), compared to the T-786C TT genotype, according to a logistic regression analysis. This beneficial effect was much greater for those who had ever smoked cigarettes (OR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.26-0.87) or those who had not consumed alcohol (OR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.26-0.77). In addition, the intron 4b/a variant genotype was marginally associated with a reduced risk of MetS (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.47-1.00), compared to the intron 4b/a bb genotype, particularly for never alcohol consumers (OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.33-0.95). In the haplotype analysis, there was a 53% decrease in the MetS risk among C4bG haplotype carriers (OR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.25-0.90), compared to those with the most common T4bG haplotype. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the NOS3 T-786C and intron 4b/a polymorphisms may contribute to the risk of MetS. Further studies are needed to confirm the findings.