ANTIOXIDANT-PROOXIDANT BALANCE OF THE KIDNEYS IN RATS OF DIFFERENT AGES UNDER CONDITIONS OF EXPERIMENTAL CRANIOSKELETAL TRAUMA.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To determine the peculiarities of the antioxidant-prooxidant balance in the kidney of rats of different ages under conditions of experimental cranioskeletal trauma (CST). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The experiments involved 147 male white Wistar rats of different age groups. The first experimental group included immature animals aged 100-120 days. The second group included sexually mature animals aged 6-8 months. The third group included old animals aged 19-23 months. In all experimental groups, CST was modelled under thiopental-sodium anaesthesia. The control groups of rats was only injected with thiopental-sodium anaesthesia. The animals were withdrawn from the experiments under anaesthesia after 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days by total bleeding from the heart. The content of reagents to thiobarbituric acid and catalase activity was determined in a 10 % kidney homogenate extract, and the antioxidant-prooxidant index (API) was calculated from the ratio of these two parameters. RESULTS: Results: As a result of the application of CST in rats of different age groups, a decrease in the value of renal API was observed with a maximum in immature rats - after 7 days, in mature and old rats - after 14 days. By day 28, the index increased in all experimental groups, but did not reach the control level. The degree of decrease in renal API in old rats under the influence of CCT was significantly higher than in other experimental groups. In immature rats, the impairment of renal API after the application of CST was less, indicating higher reserve capacity of the renal antioxidant defence system in this age group of rats. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Simulation of CST in rats of different age groups is accompanied by a decrease in the value of API, which by day 28 does not reach the control level in any of the experimental groups. The degree of decrease in renal API value statistically significantly increases with increasing age of rats at all times of the post-traumatic period.

Influence of two-hour tourniquets ischemia of limb and acute blood loss on systemic disorders of the body in the reperfusion period (experimental study).

OBJECTIVE: The aim: to find out the effect of a two-hour tourniquets ischemia of the limb and acute blood loss on systemic disorders of the body in the postperfusion period. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The experiments were performed on 96 nonlinear male rats weighing 200-220 g. All experiments were performed under sodium thiopental anesthesia. In the first experimental group, two-hour tourniquets limb ischemia was simulated. In the second experimental group, acute blood loss was modeled. In the third experimental group, these lesions were combined. In 1 and 2 hours, as well as in 1, 7 and 14 days, the biliary function of the liver was determined in the experimental animals. RESULTS: Results: Two-hour tourniquets ischemia of the limb in the reperfusion period compared with the control was accompanied by a significant decrease in the rate of bile excretion, which reached a minimum value in 3 h - 1 day of the experiment and returned to the control level in 14 days. After the simulation of acute blood loss, the rate disturbance of bile excretion became significantly greater in all observation periods. The complication of acute ischemia-limb reperfusion caused a greater decrease in the rate of bile excretion with a maximum in 1 day of the experiment. Under these conditions, at 1, 7, and 14 days, the indicator was statistically significantly lower than in the other study groups. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: In the case of acute blood loss, complicated by two-hour tourniquets ischemia of the limb, the reperfusion period is accompanied by a summation of the negative impact of blood loss, ischemia and reperfusion of the limb on the functional state of the liver, which is a significant decrease in the rate of bile excretion with a maximum in 1 day, which further increases, but up to 14 days does not reach the level of control.

THE EFFECTS OF L-ORNITINE AND L-ARGININE ON THE PROCESSES OF LIPID PEROXIDATION IN THE FUNCTIONAL LAYERS OF KIDNEYS ON THE BACKGROUND OF ACUTE TOXIC HEPATITIS.

OBJECTIVE: The aim is to evaluate the effects of L-arginine and L-ornithine on the processes of lipid peroxidation in homogenates of renal cortex, renal medulla and renal papilla under conditions of acute toxic hepatitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The study was performed on 40 outbred white male rats with experimental hepatitis, caused by carbon tetrachloride. The animals were divided into five groups: control group (the rats were simulated carbon tetrachloride poisoning and its correction by administering of olive oil and normal saline in equivalent doses), acute carbon tetrachloride hepatitis (single intraperitoneal injection of 50% carbon tetrachloride oil solution at the dose of 2 mlxkg-1 of body weight and simulation of treatment by administration of normal saline in equivalent doses), acute carbon tetrachloride hepatitis + L-ornithine (1000 mgxkg-1), acute carbon tetrachloride hepatitis + L-arginine (500 mgxkg-1) and acute carbon tetrachloride hepatitis + combination of substances. RESULTS: Results: On the background of acute carbon tetrachloride intoxication it was observed the development of renal failure in experimental animals, manifested by activation of lipid peroxidation processes in homogenates of renal cortex, renal medulla and renal papilla. The administration of L-ornithine and L-arginine demonstrates positive impact on renal function and hepato-renal syndrome by stabilization of cell membranes and regeneration of functional capacity of injured renal cells. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The results of our study confirm both the presence of unidirectional effects and absence of toxic influences of L-ornithine and L-arginine on renal cells under the conditions of acute carbon tetrachloride intoxication, which are the most important requirements for modern drugs for the treatment of hepato-renal syndrome.