Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of the Cantonese-Chinese Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT-HK).

Acute lateral ankle sprains are common amongst athletes, and screening is essential in preventing these long-term sequelae. Self-reported questionnaires, such as the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT), may help identify individuals with chronic ankle instability. To date, a Cantonese-Chinese version of the CAIT does not exist. A cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the CAIT were carried out: 46 individuals who were native in Cantonese completed the Cantonese-Chinese version of the CAIT and Chinese Foot and Ankle Outcome Score. For the test-retest analysis, the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.874. Internal consistency showed a Cronbach's ɑ value of 0.726. Construct validity against the FAOS was fair but statistically significant with a Spearman's correlation coefficient of 0.353, 0.460, 0.303, 0.369 and 0.493 for the categories of symptoms, pain, daily function, sports function, and quality of life, respectively. A cutoff score of 20.5 was determined to differentiate healthy individuals from those with chronic ankle instability for this study population. The original English CAIT was successfully translated, cross-culturally adapted and validated into Cantonese-Chinese.

Prevalence of ankle instability in performers of Chinese classical dance: a cross-sectional study of 105 Chinese dancers.

Objectives: Foot and ankle injuries are commonly seen in dancers, yet limited studies exist on the injury prevalence of performers of Chinese classical dance. This study aims to determine and assess the prevalence of chronic ankle instability (CAI) in Chinese dancers and correlate the impact of CAI with foot function. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 105 Chinese dancers. CAI was assessed using the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool and foot function via the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS). Both self-reported assessment tools were distributed online between January and February 2021. Subjects were divided into CAI and healthy groups to observe any correlations in demographics, training hours and foot function. Results: CAI was seen in 28% of Chinese dancers, with most being unilateral instability. The number of training hours, level of expertise, occupation, gender and age showed no statistical significance with CAI. The FAOS showed that subjects with CAI had significantly greater pain and poorer quality of life. Discussion and conclusion: CAI is a problem affecting 28% of performers of Chinese dance. Future research should investigate the ankle biomechanics in Chinese dance and specific risk factors for CAI to formulate strategies to prevent ankle injuries in Chinese dancers.