ABSTRACT
Objective@#The current study aims to explore precipitating and social risk factors for internet addiction (IA) in university undergraduate students, and to provide evidence for interventions and the early prevention of IA in different genders. @*Methods@#Four thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight college sophomores completed an online survey on their internet use-related behaviours and social risk factors. @*Results@#We found that more male (8.3%) than female students (5.4%) had moderate and severe IA. The main online activity in the moderate and severe IA groups was online gaming in males and online streaming in females. Roommates engaging in similar internetbased entertainment was a risk factor of IA only for males, while not being in a romantic relationship was a risk factor of IA for females only. Infatuation with the internet before college and adjustment problems for college life were shared risk factors for both genders in the mild and moderate IA groups. @*Conclusion@#IA was a common phenomenon in college students with shared and unique precipitating and social risk factors in males and females. The gender-sensitive risk factors for IA warranted earlier and individualized intervention and prevention strategies for IA in this population.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#The current study aims to explore precipitating and social risk factors for internet addiction (IA) in university undergraduate students, and to provide evidence for interventions and the early prevention of IA in different genders. @*Methods@#Four thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight college sophomores completed an online survey on their internet use-related behaviours and social risk factors. @*Results@#We found that more male (8.3%) than female students (5.4%) had moderate and severe IA. The main online activity in the moderate and severe IA groups was online gaming in males and online streaming in females. Roommates engaging in similar internetbased entertainment was a risk factor of IA only for males, while not being in a romantic relationship was a risk factor of IA for females only. Infatuation with the internet before college and adjustment problems for college life were shared risk factors for both genders in the mild and moderate IA groups. @*Conclusion@#IA was a common phenomenon in college students with shared and unique precipitating and social risk factors in males and females. The gender-sensitive risk factors for IA warranted earlier and individualized intervention and prevention strategies for IA in this population.
ABSTRACT
BackgroundAs the epidemic outbreak of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), general population may experience psychological distress. Evidence has suggested that negative coping styles may be related to subsequent mental illness. Therefore, we investigate the general populations psychological distress and coping styles in the early stages of the COVID-19 outbreak. MethodsA cross-sectional battery of surveys was conducted from February 1-4, 2020. The Kessler 6 psychological distress scale, the simplified coping style questionnaire and a general information questionnaire were administered on-line to a convenience sample of 1599 in China. Spearmans correlation was used to measure the correlations among category variables. ResultsGeneral populations psychological distress were significant differences based on age, marriage, epidemic contact characteristics, concern with media reports, and perceived impacts of the epidemic outbreak (all p <0.001) except gender (p=0.316). Those with a history of visiting Wuhan and a history of epidemics occurring in the community, more concern with media reports, perceived more severe impacts and negative coping style had a higher level of psychological distress, which was significantly positively correlated with a history of visiting Wuhan (r=0.548, p<0.001), a history of epidemics occurring in the community (r=0.219, p<0.001), and concern with media reports (r=0.192, p<0.001). Coping styles were significantly different across all category variables (all p <0.001), and negatively correlated with other category variables (all p<0.01) except age and marriage. Psychological distress was significantly negatively correlated with the coping style (r=-0.573, p<0.01). ConclusionsIn the early stages of COVID-19, general population with epidemic contact characteristics, excessive concern with media reports, and perceived more severe impacts have higher levels of psychological distress. Psychological distress was significantly negatively correlated with the coping style. Interventions should be implemented early, especially for those population with a high level of psychological distress and/or with a negative coping style.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To generalize the application of Tuina in treating infantile diseases and evaluate the validity and safety of Tuina.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By a multicentre randomized controlled study, 240 patients were randomly divided into an observation group (n = 180) and a control group (n = 60). The observation group was treated by tonifying Pijing and clarifying Dachangjing, and Tuina on Lanmen, Qi, Fu Shangqijiegu, Guiwei and Zusanli (ST 36), etc. Banmen and Sanguan were used as the supplementary point according to the syndrome differentiation. The control group was treated by oral administration of Smecta. After 5 day treatments, Chinese syndrome score and the clinical effect were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After the third and fifth treatment, the Chinese syndrome score of both groups descended obviously. The decline of the observation group was superior to that of the control group (all P < 0.01). The cured rate of 75.6% (136/180) in the observation group was better than 21.7% (13/60) in the control group (P < 0.001). The clinical cured rate of 95.0% (171/180) according to Chinese syndrome score in the observation group was better than 58.3% (35/60) in the control group (P < 0.001). There was no adverse reaction in both groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Infantile Tuina has a better therapeutic effect in the treatment of acute infantile diarrhea than oral administration of Smecta.</p>
