ABSTRACT
We describe a case of a pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP)-like eruption occurring following administration of the Pfizer-Biontech mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, with worsening of the condition following the second dose. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a PRP-like eruption as a cutaneous adverse event of the Pfizer-Biontech mRNA COVID-19 vaccine.
Subject(s)
BNT162 Vaccine/adverse effects , COVID-19/prevention & control , Drug Eruptions/etiology , Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris/chemically induced , Drug Eruptions/pathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris/pathology , SARS-CoV-2Subject(s)
COVID-19/pathology , Exanthema/pathology , COVID-19/diagnosis , COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing , Dexamethasone/therapeutic use , Erythema/drug therapy , Erythema/pathology , Exanthema/drug therapy , Female , Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use , Humans , Middle Aged , Radiography, Thoracic , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
An automated method of chemiluminescence analysis of nitrogen used routinely for 4 yr. Liquid samples (urine, enteral, and parenteral feeds) required simple dilution, whereas feces required a modified acid-digestion procedure, before analysis. For urine samples, the coefficient of variation was within batch from 0.9-3.6%, and between batch 4.3-7.6%. At a sample injection rate of 2 microliter/sec, the useful dynamic range, for urine diluted 1:200, was 0-14 g N/liter. Precision for fecal nitrogen analysis was 3.8-6.7% for samples of low to high nitrogen content. The correlation between this technique and an established Kjeldahl method for fecal analysis was studied (r = 0.96, slope = 1.30). The discrepancy between the methods was due to inefficient conversion of nitrogen to NH4+ during Kjeldahl digestion of feces, rather than systematic errors in chemiluminescence analysis. Reliability was as good as for other automated clinical analyzers and sample cost was ca. 0.22 pounds. It has proved possible to analyze approximately 80 samples in the working day. The efficiency of measuring 24-hr urine urea-nitrogen (UUN) and total urine nitrogen (TUN) in patients on general wards was measured. Results were obtained on 87% of TPN days, but large variations were noted in UUN/TUN from less than 30% to greater than 90% (average 75.7%) in patients receiving TPN, and from less than 55% to 100% (average 83.8%) in patients receiving enteral nutrition. In contrast, UUN/TUN was 87.0% and 84.0% in healthy subjects, fasted or receiving iv nutrition, respectively. We therefore expect that clinical nutritionists will find increasing applications for this method of nitrogen analysis.
Subject(s)
Autoanalysis/instrumentation , Luminescent Measurements , Nitrogen/analysis , Nutritional Status , Autoanalysis/methods , Diagnostic Tests, Routine/instrumentation , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Feces/analysis , Humans , Nitrogen/urine , Parenteral Nutrition, Total , Urea/urineABSTRACT
Transport of the peptide glutathione (GSH) has been studied with the rat small intestine in vitro and the human buccal cavity in vivo. Uptake was found to be sodium-independent in both systems. Saturation kinetics were demonstrated and uptake did not require energy in either system. Transport was inhibited by other small peptides. Carrier-mediated facilitated diffusion was postulated as the mode of transport.
