ABSTRACT
Vegetable extracts have become important raw materials for food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries because of their biological potential. The objective of this study was to assess the biological activity of vegetable oils (VOs) extracted from Annona muricata and A. cherimola. Antibacterial activity was determined by plaque microdilution. The assessment of hemolytic inhibition and morphological alterations was performed in erythrocyte cultures by spectrophotometry and microscopy, respectively. Neutrophils were used to analyze both cytotoxicity by the trypan blue exclusion method and the effect on gelatinase granule release (MMP9) via zymography. Whereas VOs showed a mild antibacterial activity (900 µL/mL) on five ATCC bacterial strains, they had no effect on multi-resistant bacteria. In addition, VOs inhibited hydrogen peroxide induced hemolysis and did not cause erythrocyte cell abnormalities. Cytotoxicity was not detected in neutrophils and VOs were able to stimulate MMP9 release. These results support their potential use by the food and cosmetic industries due to their antioxidant, non-cytotoxic, and slight antibacterial capacities.
Los extractos vegetales adquieren importancia en la industria alimentaria, farmacéutica y cosmética, por su potencial biológico. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar actividad biológica de los Aceites Vegetales (AV) de semillas de Annona muricata y A. cherimola. La actividad antibacteriana se determinó mediante microdilución en placa; en cultivo de eritrocitos se evaluó inhibición hemolítica por espectrofotometría y alteraciones morfológicas por recuento microscópico; en neutrófilos se evaluó citotoxicidad por método de exclusión con azul de tripán, y el efecto sobre liberación de gránulos de gelatinasa (MMP9) mediante zimografía. Los AV presentaron actividad antibacteriana leve (900 µL/mL) en cinco cepas ATCC, pero no en bacterias multirresistentes; inhibieron la hemolisis inducida por peróxido de hidrogeno; no generaron deformaciones eritrocitarias; no se evidenció citotoxicidad en neutrófilos y estimularon la liberación de MMP9. Los resultados podrían sustentar el uso potencial de estos AV en la industria alimenticia o cosmética, gracias a su capacidad antioxidante, no citotóxica y levemente antibacteriana.
Subject(s)
Plant Oils/pharmacology , Annona/chemistry , Plants, Medicinal , Plant Oils/analysis , Plant Oils/chemistryABSTRACT
El aceite de mora es un ingrediente natural con potencial en la industria cosmética y alimentaria, puede experimentar degradación oxidativa en condiciones ambientales. Se extrajo aceite a partir de semillas de mora empleando fluidos supercríticos, se microencapsuló mediante secado por aspersión y se evaluó la influencia de diferentes condiciones de operación en el rendimiento y la eficiencia del proceso. Se emplearon como materiales encapsulantes: masterdry, goma arábiga y maltodextrina. Se comparó el perfil de ácidos grasos antes y después de la microencapsulación y se estudió el tamaño y morfología de las microcápsulas. En el proceso de microencapsulación la temperatura de entrada fue la única variable estadísticamente significativa usando masterdry y goma arábiga. La goma arábiga resultó ser el mejor encapsulante entre los tres estudiados. Se obtuvieron microcápsulas con tamaños entre 8,2 y14 -im, con superficie continua en las paredes y ausencia de poros. Se comprobó que la microencapsulación con los tres encapsulantes permitió proteger el aceite y conservar mayoritariamente su perfil de ácidos grasos.
Blackberry oil is a natural ingredient with potential in cosmetics and food industry, however, it experiences oxidative degradation at ambient conditions. Therefore, oil was obtained from blackberry seeds by supercritical fluid extraction and then was microcapsulated by spray drying. The influence of different operating conditions during spray-drying towards yield and encapsulation was evaluated. Masterdry, gum arabic, and maltodextrin were used as wall materials. Fatty acid profile was compared before and after microencapsulation, the size and morphology of the microcapsules were also studied. Inlet temperature was the only statistically significant variable in process yield and efficiency when gum arabic and masterdry were used. Feed flow rate was statistically significant only for process yield and it was influenced negatively when maltodextrin was used. Gum arabic was the best wall material among the three studied. Microcapsules with sizes between 8.2 and 14 -im were obtained; continuous wall and no apparent cracks were observed. It was also seen that the fatty acid profile was mostly conserved after microencapsulation process carried out with the three wall materials.
O óleo de amora é um ingrediente natural com potencial na indústria cosmética e dos alimentos, é susceptível à degradação por oxidação em condições ambientais. O óleo de sementes de amora foi extraído usando fluidos supercríticos e foi microencapsulado por secagem por pulverização. Foi avaliada a influência de diferentes condições de operação sobre o rendimento e eficiência do processo. Foram utilizados como materiais de encapsulação: masterdry, maltodextrina, e goma arábica. O perfil dos ácidos graxos foi comparado antes e depois de microencapsulação, o tamanho e a morfologia das microcápsulas foi também estudada. Determinou-se que, no processo de microencapsulação a temperatura de entrada era a única variável estatisticamente significativa usando masterdry e goma-arábica. A goma-arábica mostrou ser o melhor encapsulante entre os três estudados. Foram obtidas microcápsulas com tamanhos entre 8,2 e 14 -im, superfície contínua sobre as paredes e ausência de poros. Verificou-se que a microencapsulação permitiu que os três encapsulantes protegessem o óleo e retivessem majoritariamente o seu perfil de ácidos graxos.