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1.
Orthod Fr ; 93(4): 377-399, 2022 12 01.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36718757

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Despite a high prevalence of agenesis, third molars should frequently be considered in our orthodontic treatment plans. Material and Method: The aim of this study was to describe, according to the literature, the therapeutic possibilities of third molar management. Results: The avulsion isn't systematic. The French National Authority for Health has updated its guidance about it. Indeed, surgical procedures can present with potentially irreversible risks (nerve damage, bone necrosis). It is necessary to assess the benefit/risk balance and to inform the patient accordingly. Whether symptomatic or not, pathological third molars are among the most obvious indication for avulsion as well as third molars that may lead to resorption or carious lesion of the adjacent molar. On the other hand, it is not recommended to avulse third molars to prevent the appearance of anterior crowding or in case of a favorable evolution. Some of our orthodontic therapies can lead to the avulsion of the third molars: the orthognathic surgery (especially mandibular surgery) or the distalization. They can be placed by transplantation, by mesialization, sometimes with the help of bone anchors, or by straightening the axis for a prosthetic or implant-prosthetic restoration. Discussion: In the adolescent, the germs of the third molars would not limit the amount of distalization; these molars would continue to grow despite the distalization of the more anterior molars. Conclusion: Wisdom teeth should be considered as third molars in their own right and can thus be used in edentulous situations.


Introduction: Les troisièmes molaires, malgré une prévalence d'agénésie élevée, doivent fréquemment être prises en compte dans nos plans de traitement orthodontique. Matériel et méthode: L'objectif de l'étude était de décrire, selon la littérature, les possibilités thérapeutiques de gestion de la troisième molaire. Résultats: L'avulsion n'est pas systématique. La Haute Autorité de Santé a mis à jour ses recommandations à ce sujet : la chirurgie présente des risques dont certains peuvent s'avérer irréversibles (lésion nerveuse, nécrose osseuse). Il est nécessaire d'apprécier la balance bénéfice/risque et d'informer le patient. Les troisièmes molaires pathologiques, qu'elles soient symptomatiques ou non, font partie des indications d'avulsions, de même que les troisièmes molaires pouvant entraîner une résorption ou une lésion carieuse de la molaire adjacente. En revanche, il n'est pas recommandé d'avulser les troisièmes molaires pour prévenir un hypothétique encombrement antérieur, ni en cas de susceptibilité d'évolution favorable. Certaines de nos thérapeutiques orthodontiques peuvent amener à l'avulsion des troisièmes molaires : la chirurgie orthognathique (notamment mandibulaire) ou la distalisation. Leur mise en place peut être effectuée par transplantation, par mésialisation parfois à l'aide d'ancrage osseux ou par redressement d'axe en vue d'une restauration prothétique ou implanto-prothétique. Discussion: Chez l'adolescent, les germes de troisièmes molaires ne limiteraient pas la quantité de distalisation ; celles-ci poursuivraient leur évolution malgré la distalisation des molaires plus antérieures. Conclusion: Les dents de sagesse doivent être considérées comme des troisièmes molaires à proprement parler et peuvent ainsi être mises à profit dans des situations d'édentement.


Subject(s)
Malocclusion , Molar, Third , Adolescent , Humans , Molar, Third/surgery , Molar , Tooth Extraction/methods , Dental Care , Malocclusion/therapy , Tooth Movement Techniques
2.
Orthod Fr ; 92(2): 269-282, 2021 Jun 01.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33787497

ABSTRACT

Widely used, especially for supra-implant solutions, the indication of attachments is now extended to orthodontics. The objective of this series of cases was to describe three clinical situations in which attachments on miniscrews have been adapted to orthodontics, leading to the development of a new connection: the ball attachment or Ball Abutment making it « semi removable ¼ anchoring devices which until now had to be fixed. A series of three cases is presented. For each case, the miniscrew(s) already in place during the active orthodontic treatment phase is (or are) used with a palatal device (palatal plate or palatal expander). In the latter case, the Ball Abutment, of relatively simple use, is fixed over the miniscrews allowing the device to offer controlled looseness. This attachment allows the clinician to put in place space-saving devices promoting the retention of the devices, at the border between the fixed and the removable device, sometimes less bulky and more discreet, particularly for adult patients. They could be part of lingual technique treatments. Tests are necessary to assess this orthodontic device in terms of materials, design and retention. This connection offers a new range of possibilities and design of semi-removable passive devices that increase the multifunctionality of miniscrews during treatment.


Subject(s)
Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures , Orthodontic Appliances, Removable , Orthodontics , Adult , Bone Plates , Humans , Orthodontic Appliances
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