ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: A comprehensive examination of the sport-specific activities and circumstances being performed at the time of injury is important to hypothesise mechanisms, develop prevention strategies and inform future investigations. Results reported in the literature are inconsistent because inciting activities are reported using different classifications. Hence the aim was to develop a standardised system for the reporting of inciting circumstances. METHODS: The system was developed using a modified Nominal Group Technique. The initial panel included 12 sports practitioners and researchers from four continents with respectively ≥ 5 years of experience working in professional football and/or conducting injury research. The process consisted of six phases: idea generation, two surveys, one online meeting and two confirmations. For answers to the closed questions, consensus was deemed achieved if ≥ 70% of respondents agreed. Open-ended answers were qualitatively analysed and then introduced in subsequent phases. RESULTS: Ten panellists completed the study. The risk of attrition bias was low. The developed system includes a comprehensive range of inciting circumstances across five domains: contact type, ball situation, physical activity, session details, contextual information. The system also distinguishes between a core set (essential reporting) and an optional set. The panel deemed all the domains to be important and easy to use both in football and in research environments. CONCLUSION: A system to classify inciting circumstances in football was developed. Given the extent of reporting inconsistency of inciting circumstances in the available literature, this can be used while further studies evaluate its reliability.
Subject(s)
Athletic Injuries , Soccer , Humans , Athletic Injuries/classification , Exercise , Reproducibility of Results , Soccer/injuriesABSTRACT
La incidencia y los factores de riesgo de mal pronóstico en pacientes con COVID son bien conocidos, así como las medidas de protección en poblaciones de alto riesgo. En cambio, el comportamiento epidemiológico y clínico de esta enfermedad en la población de deportistas de élite que son el paradigma de la buena salud, es poco conocido. Los datos sobre COVID en deportistas son escasos y se han centrado preferentemente en las consecuencias sobre el rendimiento deportivo de las medidas de confinamiento y en las consecuencias fisiopatológicas de los deportistas infectados.El Real Madrid es una gran institución deportiva de élite con instalaciones en la ciudad de Madrid donde entrenan diariamente 600 atletas. La incidencia de COVID durante un periodo de estudio de 671 días de observación en deportistas profesionales o amateurs que trabajan en la institución ha sido de 0,74 por cada 1.000 días de exposición. La enfermedad ha sido asintomática u oligosintomática en todos los atletas y no ha requerido ningún ingreso hospitalario.Los equipos no tuvieron que suspender ninguno de sus compromisos deportivos por COVID durante el periodo de estudio y no hubo evidencia de brotes de transmisión interna entre miembros de los diferentes equipos. (AU)
The incidence and risk factors for poor outcome in patients with COVID are well known, as are the protective measures in high-risk populations. In contrast, the epidemiological and clinical behavior of this disease in the population of elite athletes who are the paradigm of good health is poorly understood. Data on COVID in athletes are scarce and have focused preferentially on the consequences on sports performance of confinement measures and on the pathophysiological risks of infected athletes.Real Madrid is a large elite sports institution with facilities in the City of Madrid where 600 athletes train daily. The incidence of COVID during a study period of 671 days of observation in athletes, professional or amateur, working in the institution has been 0,74 per 1,000 days of exposure. The disease has been asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic in all athletes and did not require any hospital admissions.The different teams did not have to suspend any of its sportive commitments for COVID during the study period and there was no evidence of outbreaks of internal transmission between members of the different teams. (AU)
