Subject(s)
Abdominal Abscess/diagnosis , Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/surgery , Intestinal Perforation/diagnosis , Ovarian Neoplasms/surgery , Sigmoid Diseases/diagnosis , Abdominal Abscess/surgery , Aged , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Intestinal Perforation/surgery , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/diagnosis , Reoperation , Sigmoid Diseases/surgery , SuppurationABSTRACT
The efficacy of ondansetron was compared with metoclopramide in the prophylaxis of nausea and vomiting induced by cyclophosphamide greater than or equal to 500 mg/m2 in combination with doxorubicin greater than or equal to 40 mg/m2 or epirubicin greater than or equal to 40 mg/m2. complete anti-emetic protection in the 24 h following chemotherapy was achieved in 26 of 40 (65%) patients treated with ondansetron compared with 17 of 42 (41%) patients treated with metoclopramide. Severe nausea was present in 3% of patients in the ondansetron group and 31% in the metoclopramide group. A worst day analysis of control of emesis and nausea on days 2 and 3 following chemotherapy also demonstrated ondansetron to be more effective than metoclopramide. Both treatments were well tolerated. Ondansetron is more effective as an anti-emetic than metoclopramide in this type of cytostatic therapy.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects , Imidazoles/therapeutic use , Metoclopramide/therapeutic use , Nausea/prevention & control , Vomiting/prevention & control , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Double-Blind Method , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nausea/chemically induced , Ondansetron , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Serotonin Antagonists , Vomiting/chemically inducedABSTRACT
Fluorouracil in human plasma of a concentration as low as 2 ng ml-1 can be assayed with the use of gas-liquid chromatography and a multiple ion detector. Fluorouracil is isolated from plasma by anion exchange extraction. The extract is butylated and the derivative obtained extracted into a mixture of cyclohexane + dichloromethane (95:5). An aliquot is submitted to combined gas-liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. The use of chlorouracil or oxygen-18 labelled fluorouracil as internal standard is discussed. Linearity is proven from 100 microgram to 5 ng of fluorouracil per ml plasma. The coefficients of variation are 7.2 and 8.4% for within-run and between-run precision, respectively, at the 50 ng ml-1 level. The biological applicability of our procedure is demonstrated by analysing plasma samples obtained at different time intervals from three patients given 1 g of fluorouracil once intravenously and once orally.
Subject(s)
Fluorouracil/blood , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Humans , Ion Exchange , Oxygen RadioisotopesABSTRACT
The authors describe their experience with total body irradiation (TBI) with 8 MeV-x rays in the treatment of disseminated tumors. With a dose of 125 rad, given three times with 2-week intervals, some objective remissions (6/26) were obtained, especially in patients with lymphomas. For solid tumors only subjective improvement could be achieved. The side-effects were acceptable. The authors came to the conclusion that total body irradiation may be an alternative to chemotherapy for certain cases of generalized cancer.
