ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: We aim to investigate the detailed associations between allergic diseases with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) among children. METHODS: Clinical information from 2,896 children enrolled in the Taiwan Children Health Study was obtained for analyses. Allergic diseases, including atopic dermatitis, asthma, and allergic rhinitis, have been evaluated based on the questions adjusted from International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood. The Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham questionnaire was used to assess symptoms of ADHD and ODD. Symptoms of depression, stress, and poor sleep quality were evaluated as the interactive risk factors. RESULTS: Children having symptoms of allergic diseases within the past 1 y were associated with having all dimensions of symptoms of ADHD and ODD. Children with ever having a physician-diagnosed atopic dermatitis were associated with inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms of ADHD. Ever diagnosed asthma was associated with ADHD and ODD. Ever diagnosed allergic rhinitis was associated with inattentive and combined symptoms of ADHD and ODD. CONCLUSION: Children with allergic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, asthma, and allergic rhinitis, were associated with exhibiting ADHD and ODD.
Subject(s)
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/complications , Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders/complications , Hypersensitivity/complications , Asthma/complications , Child , China , Cohort Studies , Depression/complications , Dermatitis, Atopic/complications , Educational Status , Female , Humans , Male , Multivariate Analysis , Odds Ratio , Prevalence , Regression Analysis , Rhinitis, Allergic/complications , Risk Factors , Sleep , Stress, Psychological/complications , Surveys and Questionnaires , TaiwanABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between Kawasaki disease (KD) and atopic diathesis (atopic dermatitis [AD], allergic rhinitis, and asthma) in children younger than 5 years of age. STUDY DESIGN: In this nationwide study, we aimed to analyze the association and temporal relationship between KD and atopic diathesis. Data were obtained from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan from 1997 to 2010. In total, 200 patients with KD younger than 5 years of age and 800 age- and sex-matched control subjects were enrolled. RESULTS: In the whole study population, an increased risk of any concomitant atopic diseases was observed in patients with KD (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.15-2.26). The risk of AD was increased in male patients between 1 and 5 years of age (OR 3.02, 95% CI 1.22-7.50). More than 60% of the patients developed atopic diseases after the diagnosis of KD. CONCLUSION: There appears to be an association between KD and risk of AD. Most of the atopic diseases occurred after the episode of KD.
