Transcaval approach for embolization of type II Endoleak following endovascular aortic aneurysm repair.

Type II endoleak is a common complication following endovascular aortic aneurysm repair and can lead to an increased risk of aneurysmal expansion and rupture. The most frequently employed strategies to treat Type II endoleak involves catheterization of the branch vessels responsible for the endoleak or accessing the aneurysm sac through a percutaneous approach. An endovascular transcaval approach for embolization of the aneurysmal sac provides an alternate strategy with comparable success rates. This technique is advantageous when the endoleak is predominantly on the right side of the aneurysm sac and/or when a direct access to the aneurysm sac through a percutaneous approach is not feasible.

Factors Affecting Inferior Vena Cava Filter Retrieval: A Review.

OBJECTIVE:: Over the last 2 decades, there has been an exponential rise in placement of retrievable inferior vena cava (IVC) filters, while the retrieval rate has remained steadily low. Approaches to increasing filter retrieval rates have been extensively studied. CONCLUSION:: This review presents an up-to-date review of reported data-driven variables that affect retrieval rates of IVC filters, with a focus on clinical, technical, and process factors.

Radiology in Medical Education: A Pediatric Radiology Elective as a Template for Other Radiology Courses.

PURPOSE: Traditionally, the pediatric radiology elective for medical students and pediatric residents constituted a morning teaching session focused mainly on radiography and fluoroscopy. A more structured elective was desired to broaden the exposure to more imaging modalities, create a more uniform educational experience, and include assessment tools. METHODS: In 2012, an introductory e-mail and formal syllabus, including required reading assignments, were sent to participants before the start date. A rotating weekly schedule was expanded to include cross-sectional imaging (ultrasound, CT, MR) and nuclear medicine. The schedule could accommodate specific goals of the pediatric resident or medical student, as requested. Starting in 2013, an online pre-test and post-test were developed, as well as an online end-of-rotation survey specific to the pediatric radiology elective. Taking the Image Gently pledge was required. A scavenger hunt tool, cue cards, and electronic modules were added. RESULTS: Pre-test and post-test scores, averaged over 2 years, showed improvement in radiology knowledge, with scores increasing by 27% for medical students and 21% for pediatric residents. Surveys at the end of the elective were overwhelmingly positive, with constructive criticism and complimentary comments. CONCLUSIONS: We have successfully created an elective experience in radiology that dedicates time to education while preserving the workflow of radiologists. We have developed tools to provide a customized experience with many self-directed learning opportunities. Our tools and techniques are easily translatable to a general or adult radiology elective.

The association between price of regular-grade gasoline and injury and mortality rates among occupants involved in motorcycle- and automobile-related motor vehicle collisions.

Motorcyclists have been reported to be more likely to die in a motor vehicle collision (MVC) than automobile occupants. With the recent increase in the pump price of gasoline, it has been reported that people are switching to motorcycles as main modes of transportation. This study evaluated the association between motor vehicle collision-related injury and mortality rates and increases in gasoline prices for occupants of automobiles and riders of motorcycles. There were an estimated 1,270,512 motorcycle MVC and 238,390,853 automobile MVC involved occupants in the U.S. from 1992 to 2007. Higher gasoline prices were associated with increased motorcycle-related injuries and deaths; however, this association no longer remained after accounting for changes in the number of registered vehicles. The current study observed that, while the number of injuries and fatalities in motorcycle-related MVCs increase with increasing gasoline price, rates remained largely unchanged. This suggests that the observed increase in motorcycle-related injuries and fatalities with increasing gasoline price is more a factor of the number of motorcycles on the road rather than operator characteristics.