ABSTRACT
The purpose of the current study was to examine how repetitive behaviour in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is related to intrinsic functional connectivity patterns in a number of large-scale, neural networks. Resting-state fMRI scans from thirty subjects with ASD and thirty-two age-matched, typically developing control subjects were analysed. Seed-to-voxel and ROI-to-ROI functional connectivity analyses were used to examine resting-state connectivity in a number of cortical and subcortical neural networks. Bivariate correlation analysis was performed to examine the relationship between repetitive behaviour scores from the Repetitive Behaviour Scale - Revised and intrinsic functional connectivity in ASD subjects. Compared to control subjects, ASD subjects displayed marked over-connectivity of the thalamus with several cortical sensory processing areas, as well as over-connectivity of the basal ganglia with somatosensory and motor cortices. Within the ASD group, significant correlations were found between functional connectivity patterns and total RBS-R scores as well as one principal component analysis-derived score from the RBS-R. These results suggest that thalamocortical resting-state connectivity is altered in individuals with ASD, and that resting-state functional connectivity is associated with ASD symptomatology.
Subject(s)
Autism Spectrum Disorder/physiopathology , Behavior/physiology , Brain/physiopathology , Nerve Net/physiopathology , Neural Pathways/physiopathology , Adolescent , Cognition/physiology , Female , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Male , Principal Component Analysis/methods , Rest/physiologyABSTRACT
Child and Family Outreach Services have been an important adjunct to urban community child and adolescent mental health treatment. The Child and Family Outreach Services Program was developed as an extension of a child and adolescent outpatient and child partial hospitalization program to provide a comprehensive continuum of treatment. The Child and Family Outreach Program generalizes and links traditional therapeutic services to the patient's and family's environment through in-home, in-school, and community intervention. The latter treatment model enables the mental health service provider comprehensively to treat and effect positive change with high-risk patients and their families. Outreach service involvement has increased treatment compliance and reduced out-of-home placements.
Subject(s)
Child Health Services/organization & administration , Community Mental Health Services/organization & administration , Adolescent , Adolescent Health Services/organization & administration , Baltimore , Child , Day Care, Medical/organization & administration , Family/psychology , Home Care Services/organization & administration , Hospital Bed Capacity, 500 and over , HumansABSTRACT
We reviewed the cytological histories of 100 women diagnosed as having invasive carcinoma of the cervix in Western Australia in 1977-80. Sixty-one women had never had a cervical smear test before the diagnosis of cancer. Among the remaining 39 patients, nine had one or more dyskaryotic cervical smears taken, up to eight years before the diagnosis of invasive cancer was made. Another patient had two smears, suspicious of malignancy, taken 15 years before diagnosis. Wider use of colposcopy and selective biopsy in the management of patients with abnormal smear test results is recommended.
