Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 14 de 14
Filter
1.
Auris Nasus Larynx ; 51(1): 99-105, 2024 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37120318

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine if tokishakuyakusan (TSS) is effective for treating post-infectious olfactory dysfunction (PIOD) compared with vitamin B12 (mecobalamin). METHODS: We conducted a randomized, nonblinded clinical trial. Patients with PIOD enrolled in 17 hospitals and clinics from 2016 to 2020 were randomly divided into two groups, and we administered TSS or mecobalamin for 24 weeks. Their olfactory function was examined using interviews and T&T olfactometry. The improvement of olfactory dysfunction was assessed following the criteria of the Japanese Rhinologic Society. RESULTS: Overall, 82 patients with PIOD were enrolled in this study. In the TSS and mecobalamin groups, 39 patients completed the medication regimen. In the TSS and mecobalamin groups, olfactory dysfunction was significantly improved based on self-reports and olfactory test results. The improvement rate of olfactory dysfunction was 56% in the TSS group and 59% in the mecobalamin group. Early intervention within 3 months produced a better prognosis than the treatment initiated after 4 months. Furthermore, age and sex differences were not observed. Both medications produced no severe adverse events. CONCLUSION: The present study showed that TSS and mecobalamin might be useful for treating PIOD.


Subject(s)
Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Olfaction Disorders , Smell , Vitamin B 12/analogs & derivatives , Humans , Male , Female , Prospective Studies , Olfaction Disorders/drug therapy , Olfaction Disorders/etiology
2.
Arerugi ; 72(9): 1138-1146, 2023.
Article in Japanese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37967960

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Little is known whether sublingual immunotherapy using Japanese cedar pollen extract (cedar SLIT) is effective for not only Japanese cedar pollinosis but also Japanese cypress pollinosis. We investigated the prevalence rate of Japanese cypress pollinosis, efficacy of cedar SLIT on cypress pollinosis and patients' wish to receive cypress SLIT. METHODS: We investigated a multi-center (31 institutions), cross-sectional survey using a self-administrated questionnaire with four questions for patients received cedar SLIT aged from 5 to 69 years old. RESULTS: 2523 subjects were enrolled for analysis. 83.4% of them had pollinosis symptoms during cypress season before cedar SLIT. In such patients, 37.4% experienced lessened efficacy of cedar SLIT during cypress season. Both the prevalence of cypress pollinosis and the lessened efficacy of cedar SLIT on cypress pollinosis were significantly seen in western Japan as compared to eastern Japan. 76.1% of the subject having cypress pollinosis before SLIT wished to receive cypress SLIT if it is available. CONCLUSION: A lessened efficacy of cedar SLIT during cypress season was broadly seen in Japan, and further showed a regional difference. Together with the finding of high wish by patients, these results suggest a development of cypress SLIT is desirable.


Subject(s)
Cryptomeria , Cupressus , Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal , Sublingual Immunotherapy , Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/therapy , Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/drug therapy , Pollen , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prevalence , Surveys and Questionnaires , Allergens
3.
Auris Nasus Larynx ; 49(3): 504-510, 2022 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34865941

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Nebulizer therapy is an effective and safe topical treatment for rhinosinusitis and is frequently used by otolaryngologists in Japan. However, treatment methods used vary among regions and according to doctors' preferences. In this study, we aimed to investigate the use of nebulizer therapy for rhinosinusitis. Administration of nebulizer therapy has been affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Thus, we also investigated the difference in the prevalence of nebulizer use before and during the pandemic. METHODS: Between February and September 2016 and in January 2021, we administered questionnaire surveys on nebulizer treatment for rhinosinusitis to otorhinolaryngologists, who were members of the Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Society of Japan, in Aomori, Saitama, Mie, Fukui, Shiga, Okayama, and Kagoshima prefectures. RESULTS: More than 90% of the otorhinolaryngologists performed nebulizer treatment for rhinosinusitis in 2016. In April 2020 (the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic), the use rate decreased to 20%, but in January 2021, the use rate increased to 60%. Jet nebulizers were the most frequently used type. One-third of the otolaryngologists enlarged the natural opening of the paranasal sinuses in more than half of their patients by using vasoconstrictors. Cefmenoxime and betamethasone were the most commonly used antibiotics and steroids, respectively. CONCLUSION: Because it is important to perform nasal pretreatment and strict disinfection of nebulizer equipment, it is clear that education of otorhinolaryngologists as well as paramedical personnel is required to ensure safe and effective use of nebulizer therapy in Japan.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Sinusitis , Humans , Japan/epidemiology , Nebulizers and Vaporizers , Pandemics , Sinusitis/drug therapy , Surveys and Questionnaires
4.
ScientificWorldJournal ; 2021: 3924393, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34803524

ABSTRACT

Pollen allergy to Japanese cedar and cypress is a serious illness that impairs daily life and sleep, especially during pollen season. We have reported that placing a cloth panel containing a specific natural ore powder (CCSNOP) in a room may alleviate the symptoms of hay fever and may also benefit the immune system. This ore is from the Aso mountain range, a volcano on Kyushu Island in the southwestern part of Japan. The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of CCSNOP on cypress pollen. Thirty-one double-blind tests, which investigated cedar pollen allergies, were conducted from February to March 2018 and have already been reported. After this, in early April, 10 of these cases were recruited and all had CCSNOP installed in their bedrooms. Before that, various symptoms and changes in medication were recorded in a "Symptom Diary" and included a mood survey by a questionnaire, stress test using saliva amylase, changes in cypress-specific immunoglobulins IgE and IgG4 by blood sampling, and eosinophil changes. In addition, changes in 29 types of cytokines were investigated. Exposure to CCSNOP relieved symptoms and subjects decreased their intake of medication. There was no change in mood or stress, but eosinophil levels tended to decrease. Although there were no statistical changes in cypress-specific IgE or IgG4, an increase in the former and a decrease in the latter were observed in some individuals during the period of pollen dispersal. Furthermore, levels of GM-CSF and IL8 decreased significantly after use of CCSNOP. The CCSNOP was shown to be effective against cypress pollen allergy, and future investigations will be necessary to observe the long-term effects of CCSNOP.


Subject(s)
Bedding and Linens , Chamaecyparis , Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/therapy , Double-Blind Method , Female , Geologic Sediments , Humans , Japan , Male , Middle Aged , Powders , Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/etiology
5.
Auris Nasus Larynx ; 47(1): 18-24, 2020 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31477344

ABSTRACT

The guidance deals with the recommended applications, procedures, and safety management of nebulizer therapy for acute rhinosinusitis. In Japan, nebulizer therapy for sinusitis has been covered by public health insurance since 1958 and has been commonly carried out nationwide. The Japan Society for Infection and Aerosol in Otorhinolaryngology and the Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Society of Japan set up a working group to draw up a consensus guidance on nebulizer therapy for acute rhinosinusitis. The device for nebulizer therapy are classified into jet, ultrasound, and mesh types. In Japan, cefmenoxime hydrochloride (CMX) was approved for use in nebulizer therapy since 1996. The widening of the obstructed lesions such as large polyps prior to nebulizer therapy were recommended. The numbers of times of nebulizer therapy is recommended for three times in a week for at least for 2 weeks (cure rate: 68%, eradication ratio: 48%). Concerns should be pay for the changes of activity of medicine due to the mixing and bacterial contamination. Pseudomonas cepacia growing in a short even in both saline and distilled water leads to contamination at high concentrations by 2 days. Nebulizer therapy is an effective treatment based on a drug delivery system (DDS) to the nasal and paranasal cavities. The therapy effectively increases the local drug concentration by promptly and uniformly delivering drugs to a targeted local site. The therapy is safe with less systemic absorption and with few adverse reactions.


Subject(s)
Adrenal Cortex Hormones/administration & dosage , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Nebulizers and Vaporizers , Rhinitis/drug therapy , Sinusitis/drug therapy , Acute Disease , Administration, Inhalation , Cefmenoxime/administration & dosage , Disinfection , Drug Delivery Systems , Equipment Contamination , Equipment Design , Humans , Japan
6.
Auris Nasus Larynx ; 46(1): 147-150, 2019 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29887497

ABSTRACT

Although nasal septal abscess (NSA) was formerly common, it has become rare since the development of antibiotics. NSA, if left untreated, can lead to intracranial complications such as meningitis and eventually result in saddle-nose deformity. NSA often occurs after injury, and indigenous skin bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus are frequently detected. We treated a patient who had injured the upper alveolus in a fall on the stairs and developed NSA two weeks later. Anaerobic bacteria, including Veillonella parvula and Peptostreptococcus sp., were detected. Symptoms were relieved by needle and incisional drainage. Our patient represents a very rare case of NSA in terms of the cause of onset and the detected bacteria. Early drainage can result in good outcomes.


Subject(s)
Abscess/diagnostic imaging , Accidental Falls , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/diagnostic imaging , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/diagnostic imaging , Nasal Septum/diagnostic imaging , Tooth Socket/injuries , Abscess/therapy , Aged , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/therapy , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/therapy , Humans , Levofloxacin/therapeutic use , Male , Paracentesis , Peptostreptococcus , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Veillonella
7.
Auris Nasus Larynx ; 44(5): 620-623, 2017 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27720479

ABSTRACT

Cases of thermal burns of the larynx in infants and in patients with mental illness have been reported, but those in older people are rare. We report two cases of thermal burns of the larynx in older people caused by ingestion of microwave-heated food (meat and potato stew or a bean-jam filled bun). Both patients were users of full dentures. Conservative therapy was effective in one patient, while tracheotomy was performed in the other patient at the time of the initial examination. Hot food is expelled from the mouth as a reflective response, preventing thermal burns of the larynx. However, in older individuals, sense perception is impaired and reflexes are slowed. Further, the oral mucosa is protected if full dentures are placed. Therefore, heat is likely to not be perceived and reflexes occur only after the food has reached the larynx, thereby causing thermal burns of the larynx. The number of such cases may increase as the number of older patients rises in the current aging society. Therefore, raising awareness of such cases is important.


Subject(s)
Burns/complications , Food/adverse effects , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Larynx/injuries , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Burns/etiology , Burns/therapy , Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Deglutition Disorders/therapy , Humans , Male , Methylprednisolone/therapeutic use
8.
Case Rep Otolaryngol ; 2016: 1343106, 2016.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26989543

ABSTRACT

Iliopsoas abscess was once an uncommon condition but now occurs somewhat more frequently due to the increasing number of immunocompromised patients, such as those with diabetes. We encountered a case of iliopsoas abscess following chemoradiotherapy for hypopharyngeal cancer. A 60-year-old man was admitted for a sore throat and left neck swelling. Hypopharyngeal cancer was diagnosed, but the patient refused surgery. After two rounds of chemotherapy, febrile neutropenia developed and chest computed tomography (CT) revealed an iliopsoas abscess. The platelet count was low but recovered after administration of antibiotics and could not be explained by puncture of the abscess. CT-guided drainage eventually improved his symptoms. Even for disorders of the head and neck region, iliopsoas abscess should be suspected in immunocompromised patients who develop a fever. CT and magnetic resonance imaging should be performed at an early stage as it is important to determine whether surgical drainage is indicated.

9.
Arerugi ; 64(8): 1153-9, 2015 Aug.
Article in Japanese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26522417

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Cedar pollinosis is a disease with various symptoms. Ocular symptoms as well as nasal symptoms appear frequently. However, there are only a few studies examined the incidence rate of ocular symptoms caused by cedar pollinosis. METHODS: Subjects consisted of 545 patients who have consulted our hospital and the affiliated hospitals without any previous treatment during the peak season for cedar pollen dispersal from 2009 to 2013. The patients were asked about their symptoms and quality of life (QOL) using the Japanese Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (JRQLQ). RESULTS: Of all the patients, 86% had ocular symptoms. Moreover, itchy eyes had the higher symptom prevalence than watery eyes. The nasal and ocular symptoms were correlated with each other; those patients with ocular symptoms had more severe nasal symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that nasal symptoms in pollinosis patients with ocular symptoms were more likely to be severe than those in patients without ocular symptoms.


Subject(s)
Cryptomeria , Eye/physiopathology , Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/physiopathology , Humans , Nose/physiopathology , Quality of Life
10.
BMC Res Notes ; 7: 291, 2014 May 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24885483

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: In small children, retropharyngeal abscesses usually occur after upper respiratory tract infections. Unlike in adults, these abscesses are difficult to diagnose in small children, and can rapidly develop into deep neck or mediastinal abscesses. CASE PRESENTATION: A 2-year-old Japanese boy recently presented to our department with a chief complaint of neck swelling. Physical examination revealed bilateral tonsillitis and swelling of the left posterior pharyngeal wall. Emergency neck computed tomography angiography showed a contrast-enhanced abscess cavity posterior to the left retropharyngeal space, and a low-density area surrounded by an area without contrast enhancement in the posterior neck. The latter was suspected to be a deep neck infection secondary to a retropharyngeal abscess. After surgery, the patient was diagnosed with a retropharyngeal abscess and concurrent cystic lymphangioma. The lesions improved after intraoral incision and drainage, and administration of antibiotics. CONCLUSION: Lymphangiomas and retropharyngeal abscesses are both known to be more common in children than in adults. However, we found no other reports of concomitant presentation of lymphangioma and retropharyngeal abscess in the literature.


Subject(s)
Drug Resistance, Bacterial/drug effects , Inflammation/microbiology , Inflammation/pathology , Neck/pathology , Penicillins/pharmacology , Retropharyngeal Abscess/microbiology , Streptococcus pneumoniae/drug effects , Angiography , Child, Preschool , Humans , Inflammation/surgery , Male , Neck/diagnostic imaging , Neck/surgery , Postoperative Care , Retropharyngeal Abscess/diagnostic imaging , Retropharyngeal Abscess/pathology , Retropharyngeal Abscess/surgery , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
11.
Med Mol Morphol ; 46(4): 217-24, 2013 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23408211

ABSTRACT

Macrolides are widely used at low dosage for long-term therapy of chronic sinusitis. Twenty clinical macrolide-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains were morphologically compared with 10 clinical macrolide-sensitive strains. PCR amplification was performed to determine the presence of four known macrolide resistance genes. Transmission electron microscopy revealed significantly thicker cell walls in clinical macrolide-resistant strains. Even though the ultrastructural characteristics were shared by all macrolide-resistant strains, they were not associated with the presence or absence of the known macrolide-resistance genes. We also demonstrated that macrolide-resistant mutant strains derived in vitro from a macrolide-sensitive parent strain had thickened cell walls and did not harbor the known macrolide-resistance genes. These results, therefore, revealed that macrolide-resistant S. aureus strains have thickened cell walls as a common ultrastructural characteristic and that cell wall thickening is likely mediated by an unknown gene which is unrelated to any known macrolide resistance gene.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Cell Wall/ultrastructure , Macrolides/pharmacology , Staphylococcus aureus/ultrastructure , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Methyltransferases/genetics , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Microscopy, Electron, Transmission , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Staphylococcus aureus/genetics
12.
Med Mol Morphol ; 45(2): 66-71, 2012 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22718290

ABSTRACT

Burow's solution has been shown to be effective against chronic suppurative otitis media and otitis externa. We demonstrated that Burow's solution had antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, inducing ultrastructural changes in these bacteria in vitro. S. aureus strain 209P and P. aeruginosa strain IID1130 were treated with 13% Burow's solution. Viable cell counts were determined to measure bactericidal effects. Ultrastructural changes in cells of both strains were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Viable cell counting revealed that S. aureus cells treated with Burow's solution were killed within 30 min. The viable cell count of P. aeruginosa was reduced by 1 × 10(7) colony-forming units/ml (CFU/ml) after a 60-min treatment. SEM examination of S. aureus revealed blebbing on the surface of bacterial cells, whereas TEM revealed undulating deformation of the bacterial cell wall, diluted cytoplasm, and cell membrane detachment. SEM observations of P. aeruginosa revealed a more apparent undulating deformation of the bacterial cell surface. TEM observations also revealed deformations in the bacterial cell wall and diluted cytoplasm in both bacteria. These findings show that Burow's solution is active against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, resulting in damage to the cell wall.


Subject(s)
Acetates/pharmacology , Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/drug effects , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Cell Wall/drug effects , Cell Wall/ultrastructure , Cytoplasm/drug effects , Cytoplasm/ultrastructure , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Microbial Viability/drug effects , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Microscopy, Electron, Transmission , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/ultrastructure , Staphylococcus aureus/ultrastructure
13.
Med Mol Morphol ; 41(3): 160-4, 2008 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18807142

ABSTRACT

Fourteen-membered-ring macrolides have an antiinflammatory effect, in addition to their antibacterial effect, and are widely used at low dosages for long-term therapy for chronic inflammatory disease such as diffuse pan-bronchiolitis and chronic sinusitis. A macrolide-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococcal strain was obtained from the maxillary sinus of a patient with chronic sinusitis, who failed long-term macrolide therapy. The isolated strain was characterized as Staphylococcus capitis and had an MIC for erythromycin greater than 128 microg/ml. Morphological observation demonstrated that this macrolide-resistant S. capitis strain had a thicker cell wall than macrolide-sensitive S. capitis strains. Moreover, the strain was not carrying any other than the four genes that are known mainly to encode for macrolide resistance in S. aureus. Therefore, the strain had an unknown macrolide-resistance mechanism that might be related to cell wall thickening.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Cell Wall/ultrastructure , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Macrolides/pharmacology , Sinusitis/microbiology , Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology , Staphylococcus/ultrastructure , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Cell Wall/drug effects , Chronic Disease/drug therapy , Erythromycin/pharmacology , Erythromycin/therapeutic use , Humans , Macrolides/therapeutic use , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Sinusitis/drug therapy , Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy , Staphylococcus/drug effects , Staphylococcus/physiology
14.
Chemotherapy ; 53(3): 202-9, 2007.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17356268

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic effect of ciprofloxacin (CPFX) and fosfomycin (FOM) on CPFX-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. METHODS: The synergistic effect was evaluated using the fractional inhibitory concentration index, acute bactericidal effect and morphological observation. RESULTS: In the fractional inhibitory concentration index experiments, the combination of CPFX with FOM showed a synergistic effect in 20 of 74 (27.0%) strains of P. aeruginosa. From the morphological observations, it was determined that CPFX affected the outer membrane structure. CPFX combined with FOM caused striking morphological changes, resulting in bacteriolysis. A time lag experiment suggested that the addition of CPFX prior to FOM produced more pronounced bactericidal activity than the addition of FOM prior to CPFX. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the combination of CPFX with FOM induces a synergistic effect on CPFX-resistant P. aeruginosa strains. The role of CPFX is thought to be related to damage of the outer membrane, enhancing FOM penetration.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Ciprofloxacin/pharmacology , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Fosfomycin/pharmacology , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/drug effects , Drug Synergism , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Microscopy, Electron, Transmission , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/growth & development , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/ultrastructure
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...