[Characteristics of the morphofunctional condition of cell populations by the modal cell class in response to transplantation of lymphocytic leukemia p-388].

On the model of transplanted leukemia p-388, cytophotometry has shown that tumors' impact on the body includes two stages: direct affection of the target organ, indirect affection through changes in functional relations with cell populations of other organs due to the impact of transformed cells of the damaged target organ. Moreover, the progress of tumor growth alters functional relations between the organs.

[Quantitative aspects of an analysis of the multicomponent system during its transition to a qualitatively new condition]. / Kolichestvennye aspekty analiza mnogokomponentnoi sistemy pri perekhode ee v kachestvenno novoe sostoianie.

The paper shows that any system acquires a qualitatively new state if the elements of this system change in number (increase or decrease relative to the standard reference point, i.e. normalcy, the prior status of the system, etc. by less than one third).

[Ultrastructure of Manganotti cheilitis]. / Ul'trastruktura kheilita Manganotti.

Electron-microscopic examination of 5 cases with histological diagnosis of Manganotti's cheilitis was made. As distinct from other types of heilitis, disintegration of the basement membrane (up to its disappearance in some areas) and pronounced changes in the basement layer of the epithelium are characteristic for this type. Shedding of plasmalemms, a decrease of desmosomal complexes, appearance of microvilli were seen in the basal cells of the epithelium. A pronounced reaction of blood and connective tissue cells which invade basal and spinous layer of the epithelium was observed.

[Clinico-morphologic characterization of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary glands]. / Kliniko-morphologicheskaia kharakteristika mukoépidermoidnoi kartsinomy sliunnykh zhelez.

64 cases of SGMC were studied. Clinical morphology of epidermoid carcinoma was studied according to the 2nd edition of the International histologic classification of the tumors of this site (WHO, Geneva, 1990). This allows to study not only incidence of this tumor depending on the site, sex and age, but to give new data on its biology. The malignancy of all the three types of this tumor (of low, moderate and high grade) was confirmed by means of histologic, histochemical, electron-microscopic (EM) and EM-histochemical methods. The previous assumption on benign character of the low-grade variant of the tumor was not confirmed.

[The effect of gamma irradiation under different regimens on isolated and contacting cells of a HeLa culture]. / Vliianie gamma-oblucheniia v razlichnykh rezhimakh na odinochnye i kontaktiruiushchie kletki kul'tury HeLa.

It was shown that isolated and united HeLa cells in culture responded to single irradiation and repeated low dose irradiation by different ways. The effect on radiosensitivity was revealed in united cells only.

[The quantitative morphology of the cells in the basal layer of the multilayer epithelium in the mouse cornea and in a human cancerous lung tumor]. / Kolichestvennaia morfologiia kletok bazal'nogo sloia mnogosloinogo épiteliia rogovitsy myshi i rakovoi opukholi legkogo cheloveka.

The following categories of cells are present in the epithelium basal layer: "elongated", "transitional", "narrow", "circular", and "oval", corresponding to peaks 1, 2, A, B, and C. Peak 1 cells with the ellipticity 0.5774 have the highest specific weight. Upon maturation, these cells become "transitional" cells and mitotic, or "elongated", cells. During proliferation, some "elongated" cells mature to become more differentiated "narrow" cells. The "elongated" cells are characterized by synchronization. When 30% of the cells in the population become "elongated", 5% of them enter mitosis. Transition of 5% of the "elongated" cells to mitosis occurs only when the number of peak B cells becomes equal to that of peak A cells. When the "elongated" cells amount to 30% of the population, transition of peak B cells into peak A cells ceases. In the tumor tissue of the human lung, there are the same series and peaks of cell distribution as in the normal epithelium. There is the same functional relationship between the "elongated" cells and peak B and peak A cells as in the normal epithelium, when transition of 4-5% of "elongated" cells to mitosis is possible only upon leveling of peaks B and A. When the relative number of "elongated" cells reaches 30%, transition of peak B cells into peak A cells also ceases.

[Proliferation mechanisms of normal and cancerous cells]. / K voprosu o mekhanizme proliferatsii normal'nykh i opukholevykh kletok.

A morphometric study of the basal layer of the epithelium has established the following cell patterns: round, oval, transitional, elongated and narrow. Also, cell peaks 1, 2, A, B and C have been identified. Some oval (peak 1) cells became elongated during proliferation. After the latter cell fraction accounted for 30% of the total cell population 5% became round thus contributing to the peak C fraction, and entered mitosis. It took place when a full equilibrium between the peak A and B fractions in the oval cell population had been reached. Populations of lung cancer cells revealed identical patterns and peaks while the pattern of cell fraction redistribution during entry into mitosis was similar to that of normal corneal epithelium. The rate of cell pattern redistribution in tumor tissue was found to be much higher than that of normal epithelium.

[The organization and development of the endothelial layer of the cornea in human embryogenesis]. / Organizatsiia i razvitie éndotelial'nogo plasta rogovitsy v émbriogeneze cheloveka.

The main bulk of corneal endothelial cells is formed during early embryonic development. In the course of development, two-layered endothelium becomes single-layered; the cell layer consists of rosette-like structures formed of a central cell (9 to 10% of all endothelial cells) surrounded by peripheral cells. The central cell is not a stem cell, and the peripheral cells are not its descendants. The presence in corneal endothelium of a constant number of peripheral cells surrounding the central cell, as in other epithelia with different proliferative potential, is evidence that the central cells can organize the peripheral cells and exercise control over them.

[Patterns in the organization of the endothelial layer of the human cornea under normal and pathologic conditions]. / Nekotorye zakonomernosti organizatsii éndotelial'nogo plasta rogovitsy cheloveka v norme i pri patologii.

Main proportion of endothelial cells are those of medium size the total surface of which is increasing by 24 microns2 every 20 years. In the population of these cells there exist so-called prevailing cells, i.e. those which are found most frequently. Fluctuations in the total surface of prevailing cells are minimal under pathological conditions and the ratio between the surface of prevailing cells and total surface of all medium-size cells is constant, this showing the existence of genetic regulatory mechanisms.

[The morphological differentiation of bronchogenic cancer]. / O morfologicheskoi differentsirovke bronkhogennogo raka.

Ontogenetic differentiation of the lung was shown to be subject to determination, divergence and cell differentiation. Delay in determination was followed by proliferation of stem and precursor cells resulting in various types of dysplasia. Disorders of tissue divergence were observed during differentiation whereas various degree of cell differentiation disturbances was registered in moderately and poorly differentiated tumors.

[Arachidonic acid metabolism in the neutrophilic granulocytes in lymphogranulomatosis]. / Obmen arakhidonovoi kisloty v neitrofil'nykh granulotsitakh pri limfogranulematoze.

Metabolism of arachidonic acid in neutrophils was studied in vitro in blood samples obtained from 36 patients with Hodgkin's disease of various stage and histology and 32 healthy donors. The basic metabolites were: leucotriene B4, such products of its omega-oxidation as 20-hydroxy-leucotriene B4 (20-OH-LTB4) and 20-carboxy-leucotriene B4 (20-COOH-LTB4), and 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenic acid. Their profile proved identical in patients with Hodgkin's disease and healthy donors. Most patients with Hodgkin's disease showed a decrease in leucotriene B4 and 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenic acid and an increase in the level of omega oxidation of leucotriene B4 as assessed by omega catabolite/leucotriene B4 ratio. The levels of 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenic acid and leucotriene B4 omega-oxidation were found to depend upon histology and stage of Hodgkin's disease. They were nearly normal in patients with stage III, mixed cellular disease, B-symptoms and signs of biologic activity of tumor. A direct correlation was established between the level of leucotriene B4 omega oxidation in neutrophils and that of ceruloplasmin in blood serum of patients with various stages of Hodgkin's disease.

[Differential diagnostic cytologic signs of atypical hyperplasia and cancer of the endometrium]. / Differentsial'no-diagnosticheskie tsitologicheskie priznaki atipicheskoi giperplazii i raka éndometriia.

Computerized multifactorial analysis of 56 cytologic features was performed in 135 cases suffering glandular and atypical hyperplasia and well-differentiated endometrial carcinoma (45 patients in each group). The established regularities enabled students to differentiate between hyperplasia and cancer in 95% of cases in classes and in 73-83% at examination.