[Investigation of ß-endorphin concentrations in patients with hemophilia].

UNLABELLED: AIM. To study changes in the plasma concentration of beta-endorphin (beta-E) in patients with hemophilia A and B (in the presence of bleeding and in the absence of hemorrhagic syndrome) and in whole blood and plasma donors before and after donation and to investigate the factors associated with (beta-E) concentration changes. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The prospective study of beta-E concentration changes (and related factors) enrolled 38 persons: 12 patients with hemophilia after acute blood loss, 11 patients with hemophilia without hemorrhagic syndrome, and 15 whole blood and plasma donors. beta-E concentrations were measured by enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS: In blood loss, the patients with hemophilia were found to have elevated serum beta-E concentration: 9.6 pg/ml (95% confidence interval (CI), 6.1 to 13.0 pg/ml) versus 5.2 pg/ml (95% CI, 1.4 to 8.9 pg/ml). After donation, the concentration of 3-E in the group of donors was higher than before donation: 7.3 pg/ml (95% CI, 4.9 to 9.7 pg/ml) versus 4.7 pg/ml (95% CI, 3.2 to 6.3 pg/ml). In the group of patients with hemophilia, the elevation of 3-E concentrations is steady-state (lasted at least 10 days); at this time, the beta-E value variability (estimated by mean square deviation) increased as compared with that in remission: 7.7 pg/ml (95% CI, 5.5 to 13.1 pg/ml) versus 2.4 pg/ml (95% CI, 1.7 to 4.4 pg/ml). The above differences are statistically significant (p = 0.05). CONCLUSION: In blood loss, there is an increase in plasma beta-E concentrations in the patients with hemophilia and donors. The increase in beta-E concentrations and the variability of its values were greater in the patients with hemophilia and blood loss than in the donors. The beta-E concentration elevation accompanying hemorrhage is characterized by steadiness in the patients with hemophilia.

[Thrombocytopenia in patients with chronic hepatitis C].

This article represented a modern view on the problem of thrombocytopenia in patients with chronic hepatitis C, including it's role as an adverse event of antiviral therapy. According to the literature the prevalence was analyzed and the main aspects of pathogenesis, possible ways of treatment of thrombocytopenia were discussed.

[Complex treatment of the pro- and antioxidant system disorders in patients with psoriasis]. / Kompleksnaia korrektsiia narushenii pro- i antioksidantnoi sistemy u bol'nykh psoriazom.

The consition was studied of the pro- and antioxidant system in psoriatic patients. The groups of the examinees comprised 44 patients in the progressive stage of dermatosis and 16 patients in its stationary stage. Examined in the study was also a group of control subjects (16 and 10 patients respectively) and 15 healthy volunteers. The group of those patients presenting with a progressive process demonstrated increased indices for both lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defence. Examination of patients in the stationary stage of psoriasis revealed a significant intensification of processes of lipid peroxidation (rise in malonic dialdehyde, in dienic conjugates, and enhanced chemiluminiscence) associated with a decline in the activity of processes of the antioxidant defence. Expediency is proved of differentiated employment of antioxidant preparations depending on the stage of psoriasis.

[Neuroprotective effects of glycine in the acute period of ischemic stroke]. / Neiroprotektivnoe deistvie glitsina v ostrom periode ishemicheskogo insul'ta.

Both the efficiency of glycine in the acute period of hemispheric ischemic stroke and mechanisms of its action were studied in a double blind placebo-controlled trial including 200 patients. Orgogozo's and Scandinavian scales for objective assessment of the condition severity and of a degree of neurologic deficiency, and Bartel's scale--for evaluation of functional recovery were used and measurements were made of the levels of autoantibodies to the structural component of glutamate NMDA-receptors in blood serum and concentrations of neurotransmitter amino acids and of the products of lipid peroxidation in cerebrospinal fluid. Sublingual glycine application in daily dose of 1-2 g was found effective beginning with the first 6 hours of the stroke development during 5 days. Multicomponent neuroprotective action of glycine was established directed at correction of the unbalance between stimulating and inhibiting aminoacidergic neurotransmitters, as well as at a decrease of excitotoxicity and oxidant stress.

[Evolution of methodical approaches to solve problem of evaluating and predicting the thermal status of cosmonauts in the real flight]. / Evoliutsiia metodicheskikh podkhodov k resheniiu problemy otsenki i prognozirovaniia teplovogo sostoianiia kosmonavta v real'nom polete.

The problem of evaluating and predicting the thermal status of a cosmonaut in the long-term space mission is a pressing one and remains to be solved. The previous studies indicated that the best plan to be followed is to evaluate the thermal status of a cosmonaut during his egress into outer space with the use of the procedure of parotid thermometry of the mean body temperature.

[The role of disorders in the structural-functional properties of the erythrocyte membranes and energy metabolism in the progression of anemia in patients with terminal kidney failure]. / Rol' narushenii strukturno-funktsional'nykh svoistv membran i énergoobmena éritrotsitov v progressirovanii anemii u bol'nykh s terminal'noi pochechnoi nedostatochnost'iu.

As many as 30 healthy persons and 65 patients suffering from chronic glomerulonephritis with terminal renal failure (TRF) placed on program dialysis were examined for lipid composition of the membranes and functional properties of red blood cells. By the gravity of anemia the patients were distributed into 2 groups. It has been established that in the red blood cell membranes, there was an increase of the content of cholesterol and sphingomyelin, and a decline of the content of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine. In addition to the changes in the lipid content of red blood cells, the peripheral red blood cell pool showed an increase of the amount of pathologically shaped cells, a reduction of the cell capacity to deformation, a rise of the content of fibrinogen in the supramembranous layer. Destruction of the phospholipid matrix of the red blood cell membrane was attended by noticeable restructure of the work of the multienzymic complex of glycolysis, resulting in energy metabolism destabilization. Analysis of the data obtained has demonstrated that as the structural and functional properties of the membranes underwent alterations and the mechanisms of stabilization of red blood cell energy homeostasis got disintegrated, anemia in patients with TRF became graver.

[The mechanisms of the changes in the erythrocyte oxygen-transport function of patients with chronic kidney failure undergoing treatment by systematic hemodialysis]. / Mekhanizmy izmeneniia kislorodtransportnoi funktsii éritrotsitov u bol'nykh s khronicheskoi pochechnoi nedostatochnost'iu, nakhodiashchikhsia na lechenii sistematicheskim gemodializom.

Utilization by red blood cells of macroergic phosphates during cell incubation in polyionic medium was investigated in 15 healthy subjects and 20 glomerulonephritis patients on programmed hemodialysis for terminal chronic renal failure. By anemia severity the patients were divided into 2 groups. In less severe anemia there was more active utilization in glycolysis of 2,3-DPG and ATR in the presence of manifest oxidation of intraerythrocytic medium typical for Root effect predominance. This indicates that erythrocytic involvement into tissue oxygenation appears inadequate to high levels of macroergic phosphates. Hemodialysis in such patients promotes stabilization of red blood cell metabolism and Root effect suppression, thus contributing to maintenance of blood oxygen transport. In more severe anemia hemodialysis fails to establish biochemical grounds for improving erythrocytic gas transport function. The pattern of hemoglycolysis changes registered in cell incubation urge introduction of drugs stabilizing erythrocytic metabolism in the treatment of chronic renal failure.