[Prevalence and prognostic value of gastroenterological manifestations of COVID-19: data from the Russian University Clinic].

AIM: Assessment of the prevalence and prognostic value of gastroenterological manifestations in patients with COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single-center retrospective cohort study was carried out. Only cases with laboratory confirmed detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus RNA using polymerase chain reaction in oro-/nasopharyngeal smear samples were subject to analysis. Patients with documented (according to anamnestic data and/or according to examination data during hospitalization) organic pathology of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and/or hepatobiliary system, malignant neoplasms of any localization, as well as pregnant patients were excluded from the general register of retrospective data. The final cohort was divided into two groups depending on the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms: COVID-19 with gastrointestinal symptoms (cases) and COVID-19 without gastrointestinal symptoms (control). RESULTS: The final sample consisted of 3764 patients, including 2108 (56%) women and 1656 (44%) men. The average age of the subjects included in the analysis was 58.0 years (95% confidence interval CI 48.663.0). In the study cohort, gastroenterological manifestations (alone or in combination) were recorded in 885 (23.51%) patients. Calculation of the odds ratio (OR) of unfavorable and lethal outcomes between the analyzed groups showed that the presence of gastroenterological symptoms significantly increases the chances of lethal outcome in a cohort of elderly and senile patients (OR 1.6817, 95% CI 1.03352.7364; p=0.0364), determines a higher risk of hospitalization or transfer to the intensive care unit (OR 1.2959, 95% CI 1.05471.5922; p=0.0136), development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (OR 1.5952, 95% CI 1.31641.9329; p0.0001), as well as the need for mechanical ventilation (OR 1.2849, 95% CI 1.0771.5329; p=0.0054). CONCLUSION: The present study has demonstrated that gastroenterological symptoms are detected in about one in four patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus and multiply the risk of adverse and life-threatening complications of COVID-19.

[Halitosis in certain somatic diseases].

The structure of exhaled air at various somatopathies is evaluated in the study. Presence and concentration of hydrogen sulfide, dimethilsulfide, putrescine, cadaverine in patients with otolaryngological, endocrine pathology, diseases of gastrointestinal tract and oral diseases. The obtained data is of great importance for halitosis causes diagnostics.

[Halitosis in oral diseases].

The presence of hydrogen sulfide, methilmercaptane, dimethilsulfide, putrescine, cadaverine in exhaled air was evaluated in the study. The concentrations of the named substances were defined in various oral diseases. The received results are of interest for differential diagnostics of halitosis causes.

[Dental calculus diagnostics with the help of laser fluorescence].

The work is devoted to the development of fast and noninvasive method of sub- and supragingival dental calculus detection, which growth led to periodontitis. It is shown experimentally, that presence and absence of dental calculus can be effectively detected by laser fluorescence spectroscopy in visual range.

[Bone defects of ramus mandibulae healing in rabbits under bioengineering constructions from titanium and gold alloy with xenogenic mesenchymal stem cells].

Aim of the study was substantiation in experiments on rabbit ramus mandibulae of the method of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on the carrier from titanium and gold alloy for reparative osteogenesis enforcement. There was shown stimulating action of the MSC implantation in the bone wound upon reparative osteogenesis at the terms from 1 to 4 months. It was concluded that implants from titanium and gold alloy may be used as carrier for MSC for bone tissue reparative regeneration stimulation.

[Study of the characteristics of biological membranes used in osteoplasty with the aim of purposeful tissue regeneration on a model of continuous bone marrow cultures]. / Issledovanie svoistv biomembran, primeniaemykh v osteoplastike s tsel'iu napravlennoi regeneratsii tkani, na modeli dlitel'nykh kul'tur kostnogo mozga.

The biological materials Parodoncol and Hapcol (Polystom Firm) used in osteoplasty were studied in continuous mouse bone marrow cultures. Culturing in continuous bone marrow cultures showed growth and development of stromal and hemopoietic cells on Hapcol and Parodoncol. The materials caused no negative reactions and failed to inhibit bone marrow cell growth. The number of cells gradually increased, hemopoiesis was normal, and young and mature granulocytes formed. This method of culturing proved to be highly effective for evaluation of the characteristics of biological membranes and other composite materials.

[The treatment of local gingival recession by using Kolapol]. / Lechenie lokal'noi retsessii desny s primeneniem kolapola.

Forty-seven patients with local recession of the gingiva of different etiology were treated by surgery with and without colapol. Clinical examinations and the findings of rheoparodontography and polarography indicate a high efficacy of the suggested treatment making use of a composite material on the base of hydroxyapatite.