ABSTRACT
In the paper, methodological requirements are formulated for validation of permissible levels of benz(a)pyrene (B(a)P) in foodstuffs. A list is submitted of allowable levels of this carcinogen in food products for the population of Ukraine, their specific values being dependent on the accepted tolerance daily done intake and on the structure of the standard food ration. Prevention of B(a)P formation and its elimination from the human habitat together with the use of the modern environmentally appropriate technologies designed to prepare food products will form a basis for stabilization of the permissible dose of the carcinogen, finding its way to the human body as a food component through dietary intake.
Subject(s)
Benzo(a)pyrene/standards , Carcinogens/standards , Food Contamination/analysis , Food/standards , Environmental Exposure , Humans , Maximum Allowable Concentration , Nutritional Requirements , Rural Population , Ukraine , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
The paper considers the basic methodological principles for standardization of environmental carcinogenic agents. It shows it necessary to take into account carcinogenic hazards presented by environmental chemical pollutants. Emphasis is laid to the standardization of these substances in terms of the combined and complex action.
Subject(s)
Carcinogens, Environmental/adverse effects , Environmental Pollution/statistics & numerical data , Hazardous Substances/adverse effects , Hazardous Substances/standards , Humans , Russia/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The paper presents a methodological scheme for regulating the acceptable levels of benz(a)pyrene in the foodstuffs is presented. It also gives a list of the acceptable levels of this carcinogen in the foodstuffs whose specific values depend on its daily dosage and the pattern of a standard diet for the Ukraine's population.
Subject(s)
Benzopyrenes/standards , Carcinogens/standards , Food Analysis/standards , Food Contamination , Humans , Maximum Allowable Concentration , Models, Theoretical , Rural Population , Soil Pollutants , Ukraine , Urban PopulationSubject(s)
Benzo(a)pyrene/toxicity , Carcinogens/toxicity , Dimethylnitrosamine/toxicity , Environmental Pollutants/toxicity , Formaldehyde/toxicity , Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced , Administration, Inhalation , Animals , Benzo(a)pyrene/administration & dosage , Carcinogens/administration & dosage , Dimethylnitrosamine/administration & dosage , Environmental Pollutants/administration & dosage , Female , Formaldehyde/administration & dosage , Neoplasm Metastasis , RatsABSTRACT
The paper presents data on the content of nitrosamines (NA), such an nitrosodimethylamine, nitrosodiethylamine, and their precursors (NO2 and amines) in the ambient air of different functional zones of a city. A high correlation between NA and NO2 in the air was established. NO2 was shown to have the leading role as a nitrosating agent in the model system and air during exogenous synthesis. The findings support the possible endogenous production and the role of NO2 in this process.
Subject(s)
Air Pollutants/chemistry , Amines/chemistry , Nitrogen Dioxide/chemistry , Nitrosamines/chemical synthesis , Animals , Carcinogens, Environmental/toxicity , Humans , RatsABSTRACT
Benz(a)pyrene and nitrosamines serve as bases for oiling refrigerating technologic mediums. Such mediums applied to metals processing lead to higher carcinogens content and their release into the air of working area. Studies demonstrate that employees are exposed to effective doses of carcinogens.
Subject(s)
Air Pollutants, Occupational/analysis , Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis , Benzo(a)pyrene/analysis , Carcinogens/analysis , Dimethylnitrosamine/analysis , Industrial Oils/analysis , Metallurgy , Occupational Exposure , Air Pollutants, Occupational/adverse effects , Benzo(a)pyrene/adverse effects , Dimethylnitrosamine/adverse effects , HumansSubject(s)
Benzo(a)pyrene/adverse effects , Cocarcinogenesis , Disease Models, Animal , Lung Neoplasms/chemically induced , Nitrogen Oxides/adverse effects , Phenols/adverse effects , Stomach Neoplasms/chemically induced , Animals , Benzo(a)pyrene/administration & dosage , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Synergism , Mice , RatsABSTRACT
Data of studies on the content of nitrosodimethylamine, nitrosodiethylamine and nitrogen oxides in the air medium of certain cities with different degrees of industrial development are presented in the paper. The dynamics of the concentrations of chemicals under study during the annual cycle is shown. A correlation between the content of those chemicals in the air medium and the main meteorological factor is established.
Subject(s)
Air Pollutants/analysis , Nitrosamines/analysis , Air Pollutants, Occupational/analysis , Hungary , Meteorological Concepts , Seasons , UkraineABSTRACT
Ortho-cresol (o-cresol) produces a modifying influence on the effect produced by benz/a/pyrene (BP) under mice CC57B exposure to the combined peroral administration of the two chemicals. A low-toxic dose of o-cresol (Img) abruptly activates the effect of the same dose of BP (1 mg) according to all parameters (increase of the frequency, coefficient of multiplicity and degree of malignancy of tumours, shortening of the latency period) and somewhat inhibits its activity when administered before or after BP. Simultaneous administration of o-cresol in a ++super-toxic dose (10 mg) and BP in an optimal dose (5 mg) does not change the frequency of tumours, as compared to the control, however, inhibits the progression of induces neoplasms, which is manifest in the decrease of the frequency of malignancy, multiplicity of appearance and lengthening of the time of the onset of their malignization. Simultaneous administration of o-cresol in the dose relevant to the MAC for water does not change the carcinogenic activity of BP, which testifies to the necessity of sanitary control of observing hygienic regulations for both chemicals, as the most effective measure of prophylaxis of the malignant tumours morbidity of the population.
Subject(s)
Benzo(a)pyrene/adverse effects , Cocarcinogenesis , Cresols/adverse effects , Disease Models, Animal , Stomach Neoplasms/chemically induced , Animals , Benzo(a)pyrene/administration & dosage , Cresols/administration & dosage , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Combinations , Drug Interactions , Female , MiceSubject(s)
Benzo(a)pyrene/adverse effects , Carbon Disulfide/adverse effects , Disease Models, Animal , Escherichia coli Infections/etiology , Escherichia coli/pathogenicity , Animals , Benzo(a)pyrene/administration & dosage , Carbon Disulfide/administration & dosage , Drug Synergism , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Escherichia coli Infections/immunology , Guinea Pigs , Immune Tolerance/drug effects , Immune Tolerance/immunology , Immunosuppressive Agents , Mice , Virulence/drug effects , Virulence/immunologyABSTRACT
Overt dependence of lung tumour development on the values of the dose administered was shown in experiments on inbred white rats under intratracheal administration of various doses of dibenz (a, h) anthracene (DBA); minimal-effect dose and maximal no-effect dose of DBA were established in the experiment. A theoretically calculated allowable dose was used to calculate MAC of the chemical under study for the ambient air 5 ng/m3 was recommended as an average 24-hour maximum allowable concentration of DBA in ambient air.
Subject(s)
Air Pollutants/toxicity , Benz(a)Anthracenes/toxicity , Fibrocystic Breast Disease/chemically induced , Lung Neoplasms/chemically induced , Mammary Glands, Animal/drug effects , Animals , Benz(a)Anthracenes/administration & dosage , Benz(a)Anthracenes/standards , Carcinogens/administration & dosage , Carcinogens/standards , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Female , Maximum Allowable Concentration , Rats , USSRABSTRACT
A modifying influence of ortho-cresol (o-cresol) on the carcinogenic effect of benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) in their combined peroral administration to CC57Br mice has been revealed. During the simultaneous administration of the o-cresol (1 mg) and B(a)P (1 mg) the rate of tumours, their multiplicity index, the degree of malignancy increased and the latent period shortened. In case of o-cresol administration before or after B(a)P (in the same doses) the decrease of carcinogenic effect has been revealed. In case of simultaneous administration of 10 mg of the o-cresol and 5 mg of the B(a)P the tumor incidence did not change in comparison with the animals of the control group which received only B(a)P. But their progression was hampered which was confirmed by a decrease of the malignancy rate, frequent occurrence and prolongation of the period of the malignization beginning.