[The effect of head-down tilt bed rest on metabolism of erythrocytes and functional state of membranes in females]. / Dinamika sdvigov gematologicheskikh sdvigov u zhenshchin v usloviiakh antiortostaticheskoi gipokinezii.

Metabolism of erythrocytes and the structural/functional state of membranes were studied in females in the 120-day head-down bed rest and the subsequent period of recovery. As was stated, prolonged bed rest and early recovery cause shifts in the metabolic and structural parameters of erythrocytes and ensuing degradation of the functional state of erythrocytes, i.e. changes in deformability and echinocytosis. The system of countermeasures including exercise and a set of alimentary supplements with polysaturated fat acids and antioxidants, proved to moderate the changes although it failed to fully eliminate them.

[Metabolic and structural aspects of cellular homeostasis in long-term isolation]. / Metabolicheskie i strukturnye aspekty kletochnogo gomeostaza pri dlitel'noí izoliatsii.

Metabolism and structural/functional status of membrane of blood cells (erythrocytes, lymphocytes) were investigated in human subjects during simulation of MIR environment and operations, and postflight activities. Homeostasis of the blood count cells was assessed by the parameters of intercellular metabolism. Histochemical technique was used to evaluate the activity of mitochondrial enzymes succinate dehydrogenase and alpha-glycerphosphate dehydrogenase in lymphocytes. State of the erythrocyte membrane was judged about by the lipid and phospholipid spectra, activity of transport ATPase and shape of erythrocytes were determined with the electronscan microscopy. Adaptational shifts in erythrocyte metabolism were particularly marked on days 22 and 113 in the experiment, and day 1 of recovery. They appear to be associated with alterations on the membrane level. Therefore, simulation of a long-term MIR mission produces changes in cellular metabolism and status of cellular membranes concurrent to the readjustment of body controls due to, probably, shifts in the sympathoadrenal system. Destabilization of the cellular membrane could be also linked with plasmic factors, e.g. increases in bile acids, lysolecithin, Ca ions, etc., in consequence to changes in lipid metabolism and electrolyte status.