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1.
Gac. sanit. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 32(5): 481-487, sept.-oct. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-174198

ABSTRACT

Objective: To systematically review guidance documents for the estimation of the social cost of illegal drugs, and to define standards for this estimation. Method: A systematic literature search was conducted between April and May 2015 and updated in November 2015. Pubmed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched. Studies were included only if they provided indications of analytical methods for calculating the social cost of illegal drugs consumption. Results: A total of 21 papers were selected for a final review. Four main areas of discussion were identified: a) alternative theories for the framework design; b) basic concepts definition; c) theoretical issues in the application of the framework and; d) definition of the cost matrix and its elements. The review exercise enabled the definition of two analytical approaches, which are proposed as references for estimation in the field. Conclusions: although social cost is a well-established method in the literature, there is a lack of agreement on the most appropriate approaches in the area of estimation of the social cost of illegal drugs consumption. Moreover, the two analytical approaches proposed are aimed at promoting more research focused at sophisticating the methodology in the field


Objetivo: Revisar sistemáticamente las guías para la estimación del coste social del consumo de drogas ilegales y definir estándares para su estimación. Método: La búsqueda sistemática de la literatura se realizó entre abril y mayo de 2015, y se actualizó en noviembre de 2015. Se realizaron búsquedas en Pubmed, Scopus y Google Scholar. Los estudios se incluyeron solo si explicitaban los métodos analíticos para calcular el coste social del consumo de drogas ilegales. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 21 trabajos para su revisión final. Se identificaron cuatro áreas principales de discusión: a) teorías alternativas para el diseño del marco; b) definición de conceptos básicos; c) aspectos teóricos en la aplicación del marco; y d) definición de la matriz de costes y sus elementos. El ejercicio de revisión permitió la definición de dos enfoques analíticos, que se proponen como referencia para estimación en este campo. Conclusiones: Aunque el coste social es un método bien establecido en la literatura, existe falta de acuerdo sobre los enfoques más apropiados en su aplicación al consumo de drogas ilegales. Los dos enfoques analíticos propuestos tienen como objetivo promover una mayor investigación enfocada a mejorar la metodología en este campo


Subject(s)
Humans , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Illicit Drugs/adverse effects , Social Problems , Substance-Related Disorders/economics , Socioeconomic Factors , Health Care Costs/statistics & numerical data
2.
Gac Sanit ; 32(5): 481-487, 2018.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29258689

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review guidance documents for the estimation of the social cost of illegal drugs, and to define standards for this estimation. METHOD: A systematic literature search was conducted between April and May 2015 and updated in November 2015. Pubmed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched. Studies were included only if they provided indications of analytical methods for calculating the social cost of illegal drugs consumption. RESULTS: A total of 21 papers were selected for a final review. Four main areas of discussion were identified: a) alternative theories for the framework design; b) basic concepts definition; c) theoretical issues in the application of the framework and; d) definition of the cost matrix and its elements. The review exercise enabled the definition of two analytical approaches, which are proposed as references for estimation in the field. CONCLUSIONS: although social cost is a well-established method in the literature, there is a lack of agreement on the most appropriate approaches in the area of estimation of the social cost of illegal drugs consumption. Moreover, the two analytical approaches proposed are aimed at promoting more research focused at sophisticating the methodology in the field.


Subject(s)
Cost of Illness , Guidelines as Topic , Illicit Drugs/economics , Substance-Related Disorders/economics , Costs and Cost Analysis , Crime/economics , Efficiency , Humans , Socioeconomic Factors
3.
Psicothema (Oviedo) ; 24(3): 489-494, jul.-sept. 2012. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-100699

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la estructura factorial y la consistencia interna del Cuestionario de Evaluación de las Relaciones Familiares Básicas (CERFB) a partir de una muestra de conveniencia no probabilística compuesta por 442 participantes (221 parejas). El análisis factorial exploratorio dio lugar a tres componentes. En un análisis factorial de segundo orden, los tres componentes se agruparon en dos factores: el factor Conyugalidad, que hace referencia a la manera cómo interactúan entre sí las personas que ejercen las funciones parentales (generalmente, la pareja parental) y el factor Parentalidad, que representa la manera cómo la pareja parental trata a sus hijos. Tanto los factores de primer orden como los de segundo orden obtuvieron unos índices de fiabilidad altos. Se concluye que el CERFB, compuesto por 25 ítems, posee propiedades psicométricas adecuadas, considerándose un instrumento válido para evaluar el modelo bidimensional de la teoría de las relaciones familiares básicas (AU)


The aim of this study was to analyze the factor structure and internal consistency of the Basic Family Relations Inventory (BFRI) in a non-probabilistic convenience sample of 442 participants (221 couples). Exploratory factor analysis resulted in three components. In a second-order factor analysis, the three components were grouped into two factors: the Conjugal factor, which refers to how the people who exercise the parental role interact with each other (generally, the parental couple), and the Parenting factor, which represents the way in which the parental couple treat their children. Both first- and second-order factors had high reliability indices. It was concluded that the 25-item BFRI is a valid instrument to evaluate the two dimensional model of the basic family relations theory (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Psychometrics/methods , Psychometrics/organization & administration , Psychometrics/standards , Family Relations , Family/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Surveys and Questionnaires , Factor Analysis, Statistical
4.
Psicothema ; 24(3): 489-94, 2012.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22748745

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to analyze the factor structure and internal consistency of the Basic Family Relations Inventory (BFRI) in a non-probabilistic convenience sample of 442 participants (221 couples). Exploratory factor analysis resulted in three components. In a second-order factor analysis, the three components were grouped into two factors: the Conjugal factor, which refers to how the people who exercise the parental role interact with each other (generally, the parental couple), and the Parenting factor, which represents the way in which the parental couple treat their children. Both first- and second-order factors had high reliability indices. It was concluded that the 25-item BFRI is a valid instrument to evaluate the two-dimensional model of the basic family relations theory.


Subject(s)
Family Relations , Psychometrics/methods , Surveys and Questionnaires , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Humans , Marriage , Middle Aged , Models, Psychological , Multivariate Analysis , Parent-Child Relations , Parenting , Parents/psychology , Sampling Studies , Socioeconomic Factors , Spain , Spouses/psychology , Young Adult
5.
Enferm. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 14(3): 142-151, mayo 2004. graf, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-33517

ABSTRACT

Este artículo pretende estudiar la prevalencia del síndrome de burnout, así como su relación con los factores sociodemográficos y el estado de salud general de las diplomadas universitarias de enfermería (DUE) adscritas al área de urgencias de un hospital de tercer nivel de Barcelona. La muestra fue de 70 DUE con una edad media de 31,5 años. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron una encuesta sociodemográfica, el Maslach Burnout Inventory Instrument (MBI) y el General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Como resultado más destacado, la muestra presentó un grado medio de burnout en las 3 subescalas; además, ni la antigüedad profesional ni el tipo de contratación ni la unidad de especialización están relacionados con el grado de desgaste profesional. El 17,14 por ciento de las enfermeras estudiadas presentaron síntomas psíquicos o físicos de origen psicológico que podrían requerir atención especializada, y éstos se correlacionaban con el cansancio emocional y la despersonalización. Finalmente, destacamos que las enfermeras que desean cambiar su horario de trabajo (42,9 por ciento) o de profesión (32,9 por ciento) puntuaron más alto en la subescala de cansancio emocional. Las conclusiones a que se ha llegado han sido que, de entre la población estudiada, el perfil epidemiológico de riesgo de padecer burnout sería el de mujer casada con pocas horas de ocio a la semana y que desea cambiar su horario de trabajo (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Male , Middle Aged , Humans , Emergency Nursing , Attitude of Health Personnel , Stress, Psychological/epidemiology , Burnout, Professional/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Work Hours , Job Satisfaction , Socioeconomic Factors , Emergency Medical Services/statistics & numerical data , Stress, Psychological/etiology , Burnout, Professional/etiology
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