A case report of pseudoaneurysm after a core needle biopsy of breast cancer.

Breast pseudoaneurysms after a core needle biopsy are a rare complication with a low incidence. However, it is important to be aware of the possibility of complications that require treatment.

Mastectomía ahorradora de piel y complejo areola-pezón con reconstrucción inmediata: una técnica en auge en el tratamiento del cáncer de mama / Nipple-sparing mastectomy with immediate reconstruction: An increasing technique for breast cancer treatment

Introducción: La mastectomía ahorradora de piel y pezón (MAP-CAP) es una técnica quirúrgica cada vez más empleada en el tratamiento del cáncer de mama. Nuestro objetivo es describir la técnica quirúrgica y exponer nuestros resultados. Métodos: Se analizaron retrospectivamente 46 MAP-CAP con reconstrucción inmediata con implante definitivo, realizadas en 35 pacientes con cáncer de mama. Resultados: Se realizaron 46 MAP-CAP entre 2010 y 2015. En 9 casos se realizó una mastectomía contralateral reductora de riesgo por mutaciones en los genes BRCA o acúmulo de riesgo familiar. La edad media fue de 48 años. El tipo histológico más frecuente fue el carcinoma ductal infiltrante (58%). El 26% de las neoplasias fueron carcinoma ductal in situ. Se evidenció multicentricidad en el 44,7% de los casos. Se administró neoadyuvancia en el 41% de los casos y radioterapia adyuvante (RT) en 24 casos (63%). En 4 casos aparecieron complicaciones postoperatorias (8,7%). En 13 casos se produjo una contractura capsular, habiéndose administrado RT en todos ellos. En 7 casos (15%) se requirió una segunda intervención quirúrgica para recambio de la prótesis inicial por contractura o alteraciones estéticas significativas. Existió un único caso de recidiva regional en axila (2,2%), con una mediana de seguimiento de 44 meses. Conclusiones: La MAP-CAP con prótesis definitiva es una técnica oncológicamente segura, con una tasa de recidivas similar a la mastectomía clásica. La administración de RT eleva la tasa de contractura capsular, implicando una segunda intervención en el 15% de los casos, por lo que debemos restringir su administración a los casos estrictamente necesarios

Introduction: Nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) is a surgical procedure that is increasingly used for the treatment of breast cancer. Our aim was to describe the technique performed at our institution and to present our results. Methods: We retrospectively analysed data from 46 NSM with immediate breast reconstruction with definitive implants performed in 35 patients with breast cancer. Results: We performed 46 NSMs between 2010 and 2015. Nine of these patients received a contralateral prophylactic NSM because of BRCA mutations or high familial cancer risk. The median age was 48 years. The most frequent histologic type was ductal invasive carcinoma (58%). A total of 26% of the neoplasms were ductal carcinoma in situ. Neoadjuvant treatment was administered to 41% of the patients and adjuvant radiotherapy was administered in 24 (63%). Early complications appeared in 4 patients (8.7%). Capsular contracture occurred in 13 patients. All of them had received radiotherapy. In 7 of the 46 patients (15%), a second surgery to change the initial prosthesis was required because of high-grade capsular contracture or to improve cosmetic results. There was only one case of regional recurrence (2.2%) in the axilla, with a median of follow-up of 44 months. Conclusions: NSM is an oncologically safe technique for breast cancer, with a similar recurrence rate to classic mastectomy. Radiotherapy increases the rate of capsular contracture, requiring a second intervention in 15% of patients. Consequently, its use should be restricted to cases in which it is strictly necessary

Actitud ante los quistes tiroideos recidivantes con citología benigna / Approach cytologically-benign recurrent thyroid cysts

Introducción. El objetivo de este estudio ha sido determinar la incidencia de carcinoma en los quistes recidivantes citológicamente benignos y evaluar la indicación quirúrgica en estos pacientes. Pacientes y método. Revisión de todos los pacientes intervenidos por recidiva tras la aspiración de un nódulo tiroideo quístico, solitario o dominante en un bocio multinodular (BMN), con estudio citológico preoperatorio benigno, desde enero de 1992 hasta diciembre 2002. Se han excluido los nódulos mixtos. Resultados. Se ha intervenido a 34 pacientes con una edad media de 43 años (rango, 18-76; 5 varones y 29 mujeres). En el 75% de los casos se trataba de nódulos únicos y en el 25% eran nódulos dominantes en el seno de un bocio multinodular. El número medio de citologías con drenaje completo fue de 2,3 (rango, 23) por paciente, y se observó contenido hemorrágico en el 35% de los casos. Se realizó tiroidectomía total en los casos de BMN y lobectomía con itsmectomía en los nódulos solitarios. La biopsia extemporánea fue benigna en el 91% de los casos y no concluyente en el resto; no se identificó en ningún caso la presencia de carcinoma. En el estudio anatomopatológico definitivo se evidenció un carcinoma papilar en 3 pacientes (8,8%) y un carcinoma papilar oculto separado del quiste en 4 (11,8%). En todos estos casos, la biopsia peroperatoria fue benigna. En los quistes mayores de 3 cm, el riesgo de malignidad ha sido más elevado (el 23 frente al 0%; p < 0,05). Conclusiones. Dada la incidencia de carcinomas, se debe considerar la realización de una tiroidectomía en los quistes tiroideos recidivantes, especialmente en los mayores de 3 cm, con independencia del resultado del estudio citológico (AU)

Introduction. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of carcinoma in cytologically-benign recurrent thyroid cysts and to evaluate the surgical indications in these patients. Patients and method. We reviewed all patients undergoing thyroid surgery between January 1992 and December 2002 for cytologically-benign solitary or dominant cystic nodules in multinodular goiter that recurred after aspiration. Mixed nodules were excluded. Results. Thirty-four patients (29 women and five men) with a mean age of 43 years (18-76) underwent surgery. Seventy-five percent were solitary nodules and 25% were dominant nodules within a multinodular goiter. The mean number of fine needle aspirations with complete drainage was 2.3 (2-3) per patient with hemorrhagic aspirate in 35%. Total thyroidectomy was performed in multinodular goiters and lobectomy with isthmectomy in solitary nodules. Intraoperative biopsy revealed benign lesions in 91% and was inconclusive in the remainder; no cases of carcinoma were identified. Definitive pathologic findings revealed the nodule to be a papillary carcinoma in 3 patients (8.8%) and occult papillary carcinoma separate from the cyst in 4 patients (11.8%). In all these patients intraoperative biopsy showed benign disease. The risk of malignancy was higher in cysts larger than 3 cm (23% vs 0%; p < 0.05). Conclusions. Given the incidence of carcinoma, surgical resection should be considered in recurrent cystic thyroid nodules, especially in those larger than 3 cm, regardless cytological study (AU)

[Approach to cytologically-benign recurrent thyroid cysts]. / Actitud ante los quistes tiroideos recidivantes con citología benigna.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of carcinoma in cytologically-benign recurrent thyroid cysts and to evaluate the surgical indications in these patients. PATIENTS AND METHOD: We reviewed all patients undergoing thyroid surgery between January 1992 and December 2002 for cytologically-benign solitary or dominant cystic nodules in multinodular goiter that recurred after aspiration. Mixed nodules were excluded. RESULTS: Thirty-four patients (29 women and five men) with a mean age of 43 years (18-76) underwent surgery. Seventy-five percent were solitary nodules and 25% were dominant nodules within a multinodular goiter. The mean number of fine needle aspirations with complete drainage was 2.3 (2-3) per patient with hemorrhagic aspirate in 35%. Total thyroidectomy was performed in multinodular goiters and lobectomy with isthmectomy in solitary nodules. Intraoperative biopsy revealed benign lesions in 91% and was inconclusive in the remainder; no cases of carcinoma were identified. Definitive pathologic findings revealed the nodule to be a papillary carcinoma in 3 patients (8.8%) and occult papillary carcinoma separate from the cyst in 4 patients (11.8%). In all these patients intraoperative biopsy showed benign disease. The risk of malignancy was higher in cysts larger than 3 cm (23% vs 0%; p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Given the incidence of carcinoma, surgical resection should be considered in recurrent cystic thyroid nodules, especially in those larger than 3 cm, regardless cytological study.