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Am J Reprod Immunol ; 60(5): 415-25, 2008 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18798835

ABSTRACT

PROBLEM: The endocervix is a major target of Chlamydia trachomatis infection, but little is known about the immune repertoire in this tissue, or its response to these common bacteria. METHOD OF STUDY: Using a cytobrush, we isolated cells from the endocervix of 20 women during C. trachomatis infection, and post-antibiotic treatment. Endocervical swabs and blood were taken in parallel. Endocervical cells were enumerated, and endocervical and blood T cells immunophenotyped. Chlamydia trachomatis was genotyped by sequence analysis of the OmpA gene, and quantified by culture. RESULTS: Chlamydia trachomatis genotypes were D, E, F and Ia, and infectious burden varied considerably. Endocervical T cell and neutrophil numbers were highly elevated during infection, with both CD4 and CD8 T-cell subsets accumulating. Regardless of the presence or absence of infection, the endocervical cell infiltrate was dominated by effector memory T cells, and the numbers of CCR5 and CD103 expressing T cells was significantly higher than in the blood. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA-DR) expression by endocervical T cells was significantly increased during infection. CONCLUSION: The human endocervix exhibits a distinct cellular response to C. trachomatis infection that can be longitudinally evaluated by cytobrush sampling. Infecting organisms can be sampled and analyzed in parallel.


Subject(s)
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology , CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Cervix Uteri/immunology , Chlamydia Infections/immunology , Chlamydia trachomatis/immunology , T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology , Adolescent , Adult , Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/genetics , CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/classification , CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/classification , Cervix Uteri/microbiology , Chlamydia Infections/microbiology , Chlamydia trachomatis/classification , Chlamydia trachomatis/isolation & purification , Female , HLA-DR Antigens/immunology , HLA-DR Antigens/metabolism , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , T-Lymphocyte Subsets/classification , Vaginal Smears , Young Adult
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