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2.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 58(5): 290-294, mayo 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-88931

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: En la cirugía del cáncer de mama, en más del 50% de las pacientes con mastectomía y/o linfadenectomía persiste el dolor en el primer año. Nuestro objetivo fue determinar la asociación entre la técnica anestésica, la intensidad del dolor agudo postquirúrgico y el desarrollo del dolor crónico postquirúrgico. Pacientes y métodos: Cuarenta pacientes fueron asignadas aleatoriamente a recibir anestesia general o anestesia general con bloqueo paravertebral para mastectomía radical modificada. Se midió el dolor mediante escala visual analógica a los 60 minutos, a las 24 horas y a los 4-5 meses se realizó encuesta de dolor crónico postquirúrgico. Resultados: No hubo diferencias significativas respecto al dolor agudo. Veintinueve pacientes contestaron a la encuesta telefónica. En el grupo del bloqueo paravertebral sólo hubo un caso de dolor neuropático y ninguno de miembro fantasma mientras que en el grupo de anestesia general hubo 7 casos de dolor neuropático asociados a 3 casos de miembro fantasma [6,7% frente a 50%; test exacto de Fischer, p = 0,01, con un RR de 7,5 (IC95% 1,0-53,5)]. Hubo dolor miofascial (contracturas en cuello) en ambos grupos sin diferencias significativas. Conclusiones: A los 4-5 meses de la cirugía la anestesia general con bloqueo paravertebral preincisional presenta menos casos de dolor crónico que sí se utiliza anestesia general y analgesia con cloruro mórfico(AU)


Background and objective: Over 50% of patients still experience pain a year after mastectomy with or without lymphadenectomy. We aimed to determine the association between anesthetic technique, acute postoperative pain intensity, and the development of chronic postoperative pain. Patients and methods: Forty patients were randomly assigned to receive general anesthesia with or without a paravertebral nerve block for modified radical mastectomy. Postoperative pain was assessed on a visual analog scale at 60 minutes and 24 hours; the patients were also asked to respond to a telephone questionnaire on chronic pain 4 to 5 months later. Results: No significant differences in acute pain were observed. Twenty-nine responded to the telephone questionnaire. Only 1 patient in the paravertebral block group reported chronic neuropathic pain and none had phantom breast pain. Only 1 patient (6.7%) in the paravertebral block group reported chronic neuropathic pain and none had phantom breast pain. In the group that received general anesthesia alone, 1 patient reported phantom breast pain and 6 patients had neuropathic pain, associated with phantom breast pain in 2 cases (incidence of chronic pain 50%; P = .01, Fischer exact test; relative risk, 7.5, 95% confidence interval, 1.0-53.5). The incidences of myofascial pain (neck muscle tightness) were similar in the 2 groups. Conclusions: Four to 5 months after mastectomy, fewer cases of chronic pain developed in the group operated under general anesthesia with a preincisional paravertebral block than in the group that received only general anesthesia, with postoperative morphine chloride for analgesia(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Anesthesia, General/methods , Nerve Block/methods , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy , /methods , Analgesia , Antiemetics/therapeutic use , Morphine/therapeutic use , Anesthesia, General/trends , Anesthesia, General , Mastectomy, Radical/methods , 28599 , Phantom Limb/chemically induced , Myofascial Pain Syndromes/chemically induced , Socioeconomic Survey
3.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 55(1): 40-42, ene. 2008.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-71970

ABSTRACT

El control del dolor postoperatorio puede estar complicado por la intercurrencia de los fenómenos de tolerancia aguda a opioides y de hiperalgesia. Presentamos el caso de una paciente sometida a cirugía ginecológica complicada en el postoperatorio inmediato por intenso dolor, que fue atribuido al desarrollo de tolerancia aguda a opioides inducida por una perfusión intraquirófano de remifentanilo de corta duración a dosis elevadas, y complicado con hiperalgesia táctil alrededor de la herida quirúrgica. El control de este cuadro doloroso no se logró con las dosis habituales de AINEs asociadas a una dosis de morfina elevada [hasta 50 mg (5 mg intraquirófano más 45 mg en la URPA) administrada en un intervalo de tiempo inferior a dos horas], la cual se mostró carente de efectos tanto analgésicos como adversos. El dolor fue finalmente controlado con la perfusión epidural de ropivacaína y fentanilo, y mantenido posteriormente con analgesia multimodal


Postoperative analgesia may be complicated by theoccurrence of acute opiate tolerance and hyperalgesia.We present the case of a patient who underwent gynecological surgery that was complicated by intense pain in the immediate postoperative period. The pain was attributed to the development of acute opiate tolerance caused by the brief infusion of a high dose of remifentanil. The opiate tolerance was complicated by tactile hyperalgesia at the site of the surgical wound. Pain management with the usual dose of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs associated with a high dose of morphine (50 mg administered in less than 2 hours) produced no analgesic or adverse effects. The pain was finally brought under control by epidural perfusion of ropivacaine and fentanyl and subsequently maintained with multimodal analgesia (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy , Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacokinetics , Drug Tolerance , Combined Modality Therapy , Fentanyl/pharmacokinetics , Genital Diseases, Female/surgery
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