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1.
Rev Neurol ; 37(7): 632-6, 2003.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14582019

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Distinction between near-occlusion and occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is relevant because patients can benefit from a surgical treatment in the first case. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is the best neuroimaging technique for its diagnosis but the possibility of related neurologic complications suggests the use of non-invasive tests. Ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) have been proposed as alternative techniques of diagnosis. But these can provoke an erroneous diagnosis when a near occlusion of ICA is present. Multislice helicoidal computed tomographic angiography (MHCTA) can play a role in these situations. CASE REPORTS: Case 1: patient diagnosed of occlusion of the left ICA by cervical US. Cerebral magnetic resonance suggested severe stenosis of intracavernous ICA. MHTCA showed carotid permeability. Case 2: patient diagnosed by cervical US of near occlusion and of occlusion/pseudoocclusion by enhanced RMA. MHCTA showed filiform patency of the cervical ICA. Case 3: a cervical US diagnosed moderate stenosis of the right ICA and severe of the left. Transcranial Doppler suggested near occlusion of the right ICA. MHTCA confirmed near occlusion of the right ICA. CONCLUSION: MHCTA correctly diagnosed near occlusion in three patients in which minimally invasive techniques had discrepancies. MHTCA is a new diagnostic technique whose lack of dependence of flow makes a good alternative to confirm findings of US of the cervical ICA.


Subject(s)
Angiography/methods , Carotid Artery, Internal/diagnostic imaging , Carotid Artery, Internal/pathology , Carotid Stenosis/diagnostic imaging , Carotid Stenosis/diagnosis , Tomography, Spiral Computed/methods , Aged , Cervical Vertebrae , Humans , Middle Aged , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial
2.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 37(7): 632-636, 1 oct., 2003. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-28204

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La distinción entre estenosis preoclusiva (EP) y oclusión de la arteria carótida interna (ACI) cervical es de importancia clínica, ya que en el primer caso se puede realizar un tratamiento quirúrgico. La arteriografía con sustracción digital (ASD) es la técnica diagnóstica de elección, pero, debido a la posibilidad de complicaciones, se propone la utilización de ecografía y angiorresonancia (AR). Sin embargo, hay situaciones en las que estas técnicas no son suficientes, y es entonces cuando la arteriografía con tomografía computarizada helicoidal multicorte (ATCHM) puede ser útil. Casos clínicos. Caso 1. Paciente en el que la ecografía Doppler de los troncos supraaórticos (EDTSA) diagnosticó oclusión de la ACI izquierda y la resonancia magnética cerebral (RM) sugirió estenosis grave de la ACI intracavernosa. La ATCHM demostró estenosis filiforme en el trayecto de la ACI cervical. Caso 2. Paciente diagnosticado mediante ecografía de posible pseudooclusión de la ACI y de oclusión/pseudooclusión en la AR contrastada. La ATCHM demostró permeabilidad filiforme. Caso 3. Paciente diagnosticado de estenosis moderada de la ACI derecha y grave de la ACI izquierda por EDTSA. El estudio Doppler transcraneal sugirió EP de la ACI derecha. La ATCHM confirmó este último hallazgo Conclusión. En tres casos en los que existía discrepancia en los hallazgos de las pruebas no agresivas, en cuanto al diagnóstico de EP de la ACI, la ATCHM demostró permeabilidad. La ATCHM es una técnica que, por su falta de dependencia del flujo y su facilidad de realización, se presenta como una buena alternativa para el estudio confirmatorio de los hallazgos de la ecografía (AU)


Introduction. Distinction between near-occlusion and occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is relevant because patients can benefit from a surgical treatment in the first case. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is the best neuroimaging technique for its diagnosis but the possibility of related neurologic complications suggests the use of non-invasive tests. Ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) have been proposed as alternative techniques of diagnosis. But these can provoke an erroneous diagnosis when a near-occlusion of ICA is present. Multislice helical computed tomographic angiography (MHCTA) can play a role in these situations. Case reports. Case 1: patient diagnosed of occlusion of the left ICA by cervical US. Cerebral magnetic resonance suggested severe stenosis of intracavernous ICA. MHTCA showed carotid permeability. Case 2: patient diagnosed by cervical US of near-occlusion and of occlusion/pseudoocclusion by enhanced RMA. MHCTA showed filiform patency of the cervical ICA. Case 3: a cervical US diagnosed moderate stenosis of the right ICA and severe of the left. Transcranial Doppler suggested near-occlusion of the right ICA. MHTCA confirmed near-occlusion of the right ICA. Conclusion. MHCTA correctly diagnosed near-occlusion in three patients in which minimally invasive techniques had discrepancies. MHTCA is a new diagnostic technique whose lack of dependence of flow makes a good alternative to confirm findings of US of the cervical ICA (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Child, Preschool , Adult , Aged , Male , Humans , Itraconazole , Carotid Stenosis , Fatal Outcome , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial , Prognosis , Tomography, Spiral Computed , Neuroaspergillosis , Antifungal Agents , Angiography , Aspergillus , Cervical Vertebrae , Carotid Artery, Internal , Diagnosis, Differential , Amphotericin B , Telencephalon
5.
Rev Neurol ; 35(9): 832-7, 2002.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12436381

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Hypoplastic internal carotid artery (HICA) is a rare benign congenital malformation. Its angiographic image string sign is shared by entities that may be either medically or surgically treated. We report two cases diagnosed by helical computerized tomography (HCT). CASE REPORTS: Case 1: woman diagnosed clinically and by magnetic resonance (MR) of Chiari I malformation with associated syringomyelia. An HCT of the craniocervical junction was done to rule out osseous malformations. An hypoplastic posterior fossa (PF) with small right carotid foramen was diagnosed. An arteriography with HCT was done that showed the carotid string sign. Case 2: a 82 years old hypertensive woman with left hemiparesia and homonymous hemianopsia was diagnosed of right temporooccipital infarct. An HCT arteriography disclosed occlusion of the right posterior cerebral artery, calcification of the left carotid siphon and stenosis of the right siphon. Bi and tridimensional reconstructions of the circle of Willis, cranial base and distal cervical carotid arteries showed an hypoplastic right carotid artery and foramen. CONCLUSIONS: Multislice HCT is a recently incorporated diagnostic tool that allows a volumetric study in a short period of time, seconds. An angiographic study can be done intravenously in cases of vascular anomaly suspiction, hypoplastic carotid artery in the reported cases. HCT is the only current imaging tool that can diagnose this anomaly without the aid of other imaging studies.


Subject(s)
Carotid Artery, Internal/abnormalities , Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, Spiral Computed , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Carotid Artery, Internal/diagnostic imaging , Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations/pathology , Female , Humans , Middle Aged
6.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 35(9): 832-837, 1 nov., 2002.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-22304

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La hipoplasia de la arteria carótida interna es una malformación congénita de presentación infrecuente. Su presencia se sospecha generalmente en el curso de un estudio angiográfico. La confirmación de la anomalía se realiza demostrando la presencia de un canal carotídeo hipoplásico en la base del cráneo con una tomografía computarizada (TAC). Presentamos dos casos diagnosticados con una tomografía computarizada helicoidal multicorte (TCHM). Casos clínicos. Caso 1: mujer diagnosticada clínicamente y mediante una resonancia magnética (RM) de malformación de Chiari I con siringomielia asociada. Se realizó una TCHM de charnela cervicoccipital para descartar malformaciones óseas. Se diagnosticó como hipoplasia ósea de fosa posterior con canal carotídeo derecho de pequeño tamaño. Se practicó una arteriografía con TCHM que mostró la imagen de una hipoplasia carotídea. Caso 2: mujer hipertensa de 82 años con hemiparesia y hemianopsia homónima izquierdas. La TAC convencional mostró un infarto temporoccipital derecho. Una arteriografía con TCHM mostró una oclusión de la arteria cerebral posterior derecha, calcificación del sifón carotídeo izquierdo y estenosis del derecho. Se realizaron reconstrucciones bi y tridimensionales del polígono de Willis, base del cráneo y carótidas cervicales distales que demostraron una carótida derecha y un foramen carotídeo hipoplásicos. Conclusión. La TCHM es una técnica radiológica de incorporación reciente que permite un estudio volumétrico en un período corto, en segundos. En las situaciones en que se sospecha una anomalía vascular se pueden realizar estudios arteriográficos por vía venosa, y se pueden demostrar las anomalías óseas asociadas con una sola adquisición de datos (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Tomography, Spiral Computed , Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations , Carotid Artery, Internal
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