ABSTRACT
P90Gylation refers to the modification of lipid molecules by one or more phospholipid chains. Phospholipon 90G (P90G) contains about 94.0% of phosphatidylcholine stabilized with 0.1% ascorbyl palmitate and is a safe (GRAS) FDA-approved parenteral excipient with wide applications in drug delivery. P90Gylated-Softisan 142 conjugate, otherwise referred to as (SRMS142), has numerous advantages: wetting, solubilization, drug stabilization, emulsification, and modified release. Here, we report an evaluation of solid lipid microparticles (SLMs) formulated from SRMS142 systems as an alternative carrier system for oral glibenclamide administration in diabetic rats. The result of our findings showed that SRMS142 generated an imperfect matrix with numerous spaces that accommodated glibenclamide in a concentration-dependent manner up to 60.58%. The blood glucose-lowering effect of the SLMs was higher than that of a commercial sample.
Subject(s)
Ascorbic Acid/analogs & derivatives , Blood Glucose/drug effects , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy , Drug Carriers , Glyburide/administration & dosage , Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage , Phosphatidylcholines/chemistry , Administration, Oral , Animals , Ascorbic Acid/chemistry , Calorimetry, Differential Scanning , Chemistry, Pharmaceutical , Delayed-Action Preparations , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood , Disease Models, Animal , Drug Compounding , Glyburide/chemistry , Hypoglycemic Agents/chemistry , Male , Particle Size , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Solubility , Technology, Pharmaceutical/methodsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infection in pregnancy leads to poor pregnancy outcome. Diagnosis and treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria markedly improves pregnancy outcome as well as reduce the incidence of acute pyelonephritis. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and bacteriology of asymptomatic bacteriuria among Antenatal patients in our centre, and to know if routine screening will be justifiable. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a prospective study carried out between April and August 2008. Sample size was statistically determined. Women who consented were interviewed and mid stream urine samples were collected and processed in the microbiology laboratory, using standard microbiological methods. RESULTS: Out of 357 women studied, 65(18.21%) had significant bacteriuria. Escherichia coli was the commonest isolate (25.6%), while proteus mirabilis was the least frequent isolate (3.66%). Women in third trimester had the highest prevalence (25.68%) while those in the first trimester had the least (15.79%). Women that had only primary education had the highest prevalence (27.50%) while those that had tertiary education had the least prevalence (21.10%). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of significant asymptomatic bacteriuria among the women studied was high. Screening of all the pregnant women and treatment will reduce the incidence and complications of overt urinary tract infection in pregnancy among these women.
Subject(s)
Bacterial Infections/epidemiology , Bacteriuria/epidemiology , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology , Urinary Tract Infections/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Bacteria/isolation & purification , Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Bacteriuria/drug therapy , Bacteriuria/microbiology , Female , Hospitals, Teaching , Humans , Maternal Age , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Nigeria/epidemiology , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/drug therapy , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/microbiology , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Socioeconomic Factors , Treatment Outcome , Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy , Urinary Tract Infections/microbiology , Young AdultABSTRACT
Urinary tract infection in pregnancy leads to poor pregnancy outcome. Diagnosis and treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria markedly improves pregnancy outcome as well as reduce the incidence of acute pyelonephritis. To determine the prevalence and bacteriology of asymptomatic bacteriuria among Antenatal patients in our centre; and to know if routine screening will be justifiable. This was a prospective study carried out between April and August 2008. Sample size was statistically determined.Women who consented were interviewed and mid stream urine samples were collected and processed in the microbiology laboratory; using standard microbiological methods. Out of 357 women studied; 65(18.21) had significant bacteriuria. was the commonest isolate (25.6); while was the least frequent isolate (3.66). Women in third trimester had the highest prevalence (25.68) while those in the first trimester had the least (15.79).Women that had only primary education had the highest prevalence (27.50) while those that had tertiary education had the least prevalence (21.10). The prevalence of significant asymptomatic bacteriuria among the women studied was high. Screening of all the pregnant women and treatment will reduce the incidence and complications of overt urinary tract infection in pregnancy among these women
Subject(s)
Bacteriology , Bacteriuria , Hospitals , Prenatal Care , Prevalence , TeachingABSTRACT
Starch obtained from Dioscorea dumetorium was employed as a disintegrant in Sodium Salicylate based tablets at concentrations of 5 -15w/w. Properties of the starch evaluated include: bulk and tapped densities; water uptake by capillarity; Hausner's quotient and percent compressibility. Compound tablets were evaluated for hardness; friability; disintegration time and dissolution rate. Batches of tablets containing equivalent concentrations of AC-di-sol or maize starch were employed as standards. Results obtained indicate that Dioscorea dumetorium starch performed as much better as a disintegrant in sodium salicylate tablets as maize starch but less than Ac-di-sol
Subject(s)
Dioscorea , Sodium Salicylate , StarchABSTRACT
In this study; the effects of some environmental storage conditions -light; temperature and humidity on the stability of the steroidal drug; hydrocortisone sodium succinate injection were investigated. The drug samples were stored at varying conditions of light; temperature (0OC; 28OC and 60OC) and humidity; after which each sample was assayed at weekly intervals for their content of the drug using a UV -Vis spectrophotometer. From the results obtained; storage under light; at enhanced temperature and in the presence of moisture had pronounced degradative effects on the stability of hydrocortisone sodium succinate injection; calling for caution in the storage of this widely used anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory drug
Subject(s)
Drug Stability , Drug Storage , Hydrocortisone , InjectionsABSTRACT
The in vitro adsorption of ciprofloxacin, a broad-spectrum antimicrobial with actions against a wide variety of microorganisms on activated charcoal (AC) and talc (TC), was investigated at various pH values that simulate the pH of most regions of the gastrointestinal tract. The results of the study indicate that AC and TC adsorbed ciprofloxacin effectively. Adsorption depended on the quantity of the adsorbents used, and for AC adsorption was complete within 2 hours and for TC it was complete within 1 hour with 0.5 g of either of the adsorbents. AC exhibited higher adsorptive capacity for ciprofloxacin than TC. Overall, AC and TC could be used as effective antidotes in poisoning resulting from ciprofloxacin.
Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents/chemistry , Antidotes/chemistry , Charcoal/chemistry , Ciprofloxacin/chemistry , Talc/chemistry , Adsorption , Antidotes/therapeutic use , Charcoal/therapeutic use , Ciprofloxacin/poisoning , Humans , Talc/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Compatibility of four brands of gentamicin sulphate injection with five parenteral drugs-dexamethasone, diazepam, hyoscine butylbromide, furosemide and promethazine were studied. These drugs are commonly used together in pre-anaesthetic or post-anaesthetic medications among others. For the different test situations, solutions of varying concentrations of gentamicin sulphate were prepared and mixed with the test drugs. After the test period, all the admixtures were evaluated for gentamicin potency, Ph changes, clarity and extent of interaction. Potency changes were determined by microbial assays while the extend of interaction was determined by chromatographic techniques. No significant changes in pH were observed in all the admixture studied. A significant reduction in potency was observed in all the admixtures of Gentarad. No significant interactions were observed based on the chromatographic studies.
ABSTRACT
Compatibility of four brands of gentamicin sulphate injection with five parenteral drugs-dexamethasone; diazepam; hyoscine butylbromide; furosemide and promethazine were studied. These drugs are commonly used together in pre-anaesthetic or post-anaesthetic medications among others. For the different test situations; solutions of varying concentrations of gentamicin sulphate were prepared and mixed with the test drugs. After the test period; all the admixtures were evaluated for gentamicin potency; Ph changes; clarity and extent of interaction. Potency changes were determined by microbial assays while the extend of interaction was determined by chromatographic techniques. No significant changes in pH were observed in all the admixture studied. A significant reduction in potency was observed in all the admixtures of Gentarad. No significant interactions were observed based on the chromatographic studies
