ABSTRACT
We identified newly discovered pamphiliid larvae feeding on Cornus in Tochigi and Ibaraki Prefectures, Honshu, Japan, with Pamphilius japonicus Shinohara, 1985, by molecular methods using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene sequences. The host plant of P. japonicus was unknown. This is the first record of the Cornaceae as a host plant of the Pamphiliidae in the Old World. The larvae were solitary leaf-rollers on Cornus and discovered mainly on small young trees in shadowy forests.
Subject(s)
Cornaceae , Cornus , Hymenoptera , Animals , Japan , LarvaABSTRACT
Based on field observations and rearing experiments in Nagano and Tochigi prefectures in central Honshu, Japan, host plants and life history of a leaf-rolling sawfly, Pamphilius ishikawai Shinohara, 1979, are recorded for the first time. The larva is a solitary leaf-roller on Astilbe. This is the first record of the Saxifragaceae as a host plant of the Pamphiliidae. We made molecular phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene sequences for nine individuals of P. ishikawai feeding on three different species of Astilbe in two localities with different climates and for six outgroup pamphiliine species. It revealed very small genetic variability within P. ishikawai and suggested probable monophyly of the P. sulphureipes group.
Subject(s)
Hymenoptera/classification , Saxifragaceae/parasitology , Animal Structures/anatomy & histology , Animal Structures/growth & development , Animals , Body Size , Female , Hymenoptera/anatomy & histology , Hymenoptera/genetics , Hymenoptera/growth & development , Male , Organ Size , PhylogenyABSTRACT
Japanese species of the sawfly genus Emphytopsis Wei & Nie, 1998, are reviewed and the following four species are recognized and keyed: E. flatoserrula Wei, 2011, from Kyushu, E. nigromaculata (Takeuchi, 1952) from Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu, E. shinoharai Wei & Niu, 2011, from Honshu and Shikoku, and E. vernalis Shinohara, n. sp., from Honshu and Kyushu. Stewartia pseudocamellia Maxim. (Theaceae) is recorded as a host plant for E. nigromaculata and E. vernalis and the larvae of these two species are briefly described. The life history of these two species is discussed based on field observations and rearing records.
