ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: We investigated features and responses to treatment in patients with febrile and afebrile convulsions with mild gastroenteritis and characterized convulsions with rotavirus and norovirus gastroenteritis. METHODS: We conducted a prospective, observational study to evaluate patients with febrile and afebrile convulsions with mild gastroenteritis who were hospitalized between November 2011 and March 2014 at 13 facilities in the National Hospital Organization. We classified the patients into two groups: presence or absence of fever. We investigated the background, clinical and laboratory characteristics, viral antigen in stool, and efficacy of anticonvulsant drugs. RESULTS: Of 126 patients enrolled in this study, 50 were febrile (Fc group) and 76 were afebrile (aFc group). A family history of febrile seizures was significantly more frequent in the Fc group than in the aFc group (28.0% vs 9.2%, P = 0.005). Clinical characteristics were similar between the rotavirus and norovirus groups, but fever was significantly more frequent in the rotavirus group (46.2% vs 8.3%, P < 0.001). Serum sodium levels were significantly negatively related to the number of seizures in the aFc group (ß = -0.13; 95% confidence interval, -0.24, -0.03; P = 0.01). Carbamazepine was significantly more efficacious than diazepam suppositories in the aFc group (odds ratio = 49.3, 95% confidence interval, 2.35, 1037; P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Febrile convulsions with mild gastroenteritis show characteristics of both febrile seizures and convulsions with mild gastroenteritis. Carbamazepine is optimal for convulsions with mild gastroenteritis. Clinical features of convulsions with rotavirus and norovirus gastroenteritis are similar, except for fever. Serum sodium levels may play a major role in the onset of convulsions with mild gastroenteritis.
Subject(s)
Fever/drug therapy , Fever/epidemiology , Gastroenteritis/drug therapy , Gastroenteritis/epidemiology , Seizures/drug therapy , Seizures/epidemiology , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Carbamazepine/therapeutic use , Diazepam/therapeutic use , Female , Fever/blood , Fever/virology , Gastroenteritis/blood , Gastroenteritis/virology , Humans , Infant , Linear Models , Male , Multivariate Analysis , Prospective Studies , Seizures/blood , Seizures/virology , Sodium/blood , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
There is a discrepancy in the reported incidence of childhood immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) between Europe (2.9-5.3 per 100 000 persons) and Japan (1.91). Ise district is a suitable area in which to conduct epidemiological study because there is little fluctuation in the sociodemographic factors. We performed a retrospective population-based study to clarify the incidence of primary childhood ITP. We calculated person-years for children aged <15 years based on the Ise district demographics between 2002 and 2012. The calculated person-years were 298 533. The number of hospitalized patients in Ise district was 25 (M/F, 14/11) during the study period. The calculated incidence was therefore 8.4 per 100 000 person-years. It is possible that the difference in incidence between the present calculation and that of the European studies is due to variation in accuracy and/or registration criteria between the studies.
