The "Molecular Biodiversity of Bacteria Isolated from Medicago sativa Rhizosphere in Hail District, Saudi Arabia.

Global biodiversity is affected remarkably by global climate change, which in turn its effect reflected on all life aspects. Identifying microorganisms in environmental samples, particularly soil could be a valuable interest to study their effect on soil quality and plant growth. Through this study, we conducted a molecular characterization of bacteria found in the rhizosphere of Medico sativa plants grown in Hail soil and we highlighted their main properties. The sequences analyses revealed that the main bacterial isolates Pseudarthrobacter, Metabacillus, Priestia, and Massilia species. According to the sequences analysis and the phylogeny tree results, some of the identified bacteria were classified at the species level: Pseudarthrobacter was identified clearly as Pseudarthrobacter phenanthrenivorans; Metabacillus isolates grouped with Metabacillus sediminilitoris and the two Priestia isolates closely related to Priestia aryabhattai. We concluded that Hail soil is a niche of diverse bacteria with a high interest in soil environment and ecosystems. Further studies are required for further classification of all identified bacteria and to define their specific role in the environment.

The Different Ecological, Medical, and Industrial Important Bacteria Harboring the Soil of Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

This study aims at unraveling the bacterial biodiversity of Hail soil to establish a baseline study that contributes to harnessing these bacteria in applications that benefit human beings. We collected two groups of soil samples; one group of the models contained wheat roots, and the second group was free of roots. Bacteria were isolated from these soils, DNA was extracted, 16srRNA from different isolates was amplified and sequenced, and the phylogeny tree was analyzed. The taxonomic relationship indicated that the isolates obtained were belonging to Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes. The bacteria affiliated with Proteobacteria's phylum were Stenotrophomonas, Klebsiella, Azospirillum, Calidifontimicrobium. Firmicutes include Bacillus and Actinobacteria represented by Nocardioides. The genera Bacillus, Stenotrophomonas, Calidifontimicrobium, and Nocardioides were associated with wheat's rhizosphere while the others live free in the soil. The study concluded that Hail soil is a pool of bacteria affiliated to different phyla; they share genetic traits, tolerate harsh environmental conditions that lead them to play different crucial roles in the environment, and may contribute to all aspects of human life harnessed adequately. More studies using housekeeping genes, "omics" approaches, and studies examining these isolates' ability to withstand extreme environmental conditions are recommended to view more insights about these bacteria.