ABSTRACT
This article aims to identify the main legal and ethical issues around international surrogacy. Owing to the legal diversity and ethical background of such a globalized practice, a review of the key existing literature on these two matters has been identified and analyzed. The article also identifies and analyzes the most significant legal solutions provided by supranational jurisdictions when dealing with cases of international surrogacy. The scope of the article includes the efforts to reach a minimum legal framework at the international level, with the aim not to standardize but to provide common legal solutions to those travelling abroad to have a child by means of surrogacy.
Subject(s)
Medical Tourism , Reproductive Medicine , Surrogate Mothers , Female , Humans , Internationality/legislation & jurisprudence , Medical Tourism/ethics , Medical Tourism/legislation & jurisprudence , Policy Making , Pregnancy , Reproductive Medicine/ethics , Reproductive Medicine/legislation & jurisprudence , Reproductive Techniques, Assisted/ethics , Reproductive Techniques, Assisted/legislation & jurisprudence , Surrogate Mothers/legislation & jurisprudenceABSTRACT
El ordenamiento jurídico español permite la donación anónima de gametos con fines de reproducción asistida. Su carácter altruista apenas se discute, aunque existen importantes beneficios económicos para la industria de la reproducción. Ligado a esta cuestión está su carácter anónimo, que se vincula tradicionalmente a su carácter altruista, pero en verdad también fomenta la existencia de un importante número de donantes con los que abastecer una demanda creciente en nuestra sociedad. Igualmente apenas se debaten los posibles efectos secundarios de dichas donaciones, sobre todo en el caso de la donación de óvulos. Todas estas cuestiones convierten a España en un destino privilegiado de la medicina reproductiva a pesar de esta ausencia de conocimiento en general y de debate público sobre los mencionados aspectos éticos controvertidos (AU)
The Spanish legal system allows the anonymous donation of gametes for assisted reproduction purposes. Its altruistic characteristic is almost not discussed at all, although there are important economic benefits for the reproductive industry. Linked to this question, it appears its anonymity, traditionally connected to its altruistic character, but in fact it also promotes an important number of donors, essential to cover the increasing demand of gametes in our society. Moreover, scarce attention is given to the side effects of these donations, especially in the cases of oocyte donation. All these matters facilitate that Spain becomes a privileged place for the cross-border reproductive care, despite the lack of knowledge in general and a lack of public debate about the above controversial mentioned ethical issues (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Tissue and Organ Procurement/legislation & jurisprudence , Germ Cells , Reproductive Techniques, Assisted/ethics , Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer/ethics , Altruism , Data Anonymization/ethics , Legislation, Medical , Oocyte Donation/adverse effectsABSTRACT
La gestación por sustitución está prohibida en el ordenamiento jurídico español, y aún así, un número cada vez más creciente de parejas (sobre todo parejas de varones) acuden a otros países para mediante esta técnica tener un hijo/a. La reciente sentencia del Tribunal Supremo español ha resuelto denegando la inscripción de la filiación resultante de dicha tecnica. Pero más allá de los argumentos utililzados en la sentencia, hay todo un debate bioético acerca de la gestación por sustitución que este artículo analiza, y que finalmente aboga por un necesario cambio legislativo en España (AU)
Surrogate motherhood is forbidden under the Spanish legal system, but still, a growing number of couples (in particular male couples) go to other countries to have a child thanks to this technique. The recent sentence of the Spanish Supreme Court has refused the inscription in Spain of a filiation recognition done with this technique. Beyond the arguments used in this sentence, there is a whole bioethical debate about surrogate motherhood that this article analyses, and finally concludes about the need to a legal change in Spain (AU)
