ABSTRACT
Introducción: El consumo de antibióticos en España es elevado y más del 90% de las prescripciones se realizan en ámbito extrahospitalario. La exposición a antibióticos en la edad infantil es alta. El objetivo de este estudio es describir la evolución del consumo extrahospitalario de antibióticos en la población pediátrica del Principado de Asturias entre 2005 y 2018.Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo del consumo de antibacterianos de uso sistémico (grupo J01 de la clasificación ATC, Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification) en ámbito extrahospitalario en la población pediátrica (0-13 años) del Principado de Asturias entre 2005 y 2018. Se compara el consumo, medido en número de dosis diarias definidas (DDD) por 1.000 habitantes y día (DHD), en 3 periodos de tiempo.Resultados: El consumo medio de antibacterianos en la población pediátrica asturiana (2005-2018) fue de 14 DHD (IC95% 13,4-14,6), con un aumento hasta 2009 (15,2 DHD) y descenso a partir de 2015 (11,9 DHD en 2018). A lo largo del estudio se detectó: 1) un aumento del consumo de amoxicilina (p=0,027), que supera al de amoxicilina-clavulánico desde el año 2011; 2) un consumo estable de macrólidos, con un aumento de azitromicina (p<0,001) y un descenso de claritromicina (p=0,001); 3) un descenso del consumo de cefalosporinas (p<0,001); 4) un aumento del consumo de quinolonas (p=0,002).Conclusiones: El consumo de antibióticos a nivel extrahospitalario en la población pediátrica del Principado de Asturias entre los años 2005 y 2018 ha experimentado un descenso mantenido en los últimos años y una mejora evolutiva del patrón de uso. (AU)
Introduction: Data about consumption of antibiotics in Spain are worrisome. They are mainly prescribed in the community sector and there is a high exposure to antibiotics in the pediatric population. The aim of this study is to describe the evolution of antibiotic consumption in the pediatric population of Asturias during 2005-2018 period.Material and methods: Retrospective and descriptive study using data about consumption of antibacterial agents for systemic use (J01 group of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification) in pediatric outpatients in Principado de Asturias between 2005 and 2018. Data, expressed as defined daily dose (DDD) per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID), in three periods were compared.Results: Mean antibiotic consumption in pediatric outpatients in Principado de Asturias (2005-2018) was 14 DID (CI95% 13.4-14.6). Consumption increased until 2009 (15.2 DID) and decreased from 2015 onwards (11.9 DID in 2018). Remarkable data along the study were: 1) increase in amoxicillin consumption (p=0.027), that have exceeded that of amoxicillin-clavulanate since 2011; 2) steady consumption of macrolides, with an increase in azithromycin (p<0.001) and a decrease in clarithromycin (p=0.001); 3) reduction of cephalosporins consumption (p<0.001); 4) increase in quinolones consumption (p=0.002).Conclusions: Global antibiotic consumption in pediatric outpatients in Principado de Asturias between 2005 and 2018 has experienced a constant decrease lately and an improvement in patterns of antibacterial use. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Anti-Bacterial Agents/history , Pediatrics , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Retrospective Studies , Epidemiology, DescriptiveABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Data about consumption of antibiotics in Spain are worrisome. They are mainly prescribed in the community sector and there is a high exposure to antibiotics in the pediatric population. The aim of this study is to describe the evolution of antibiotic consumption in the pediatric population of Asturias during 2005-2018 period. METHODS: Retrospective and descriptive study using data about consumption of antibacterial agents for systemic use (J01 group of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification) in pediatric outpatients in Asturias between 2005 and 2018. Data, expressed as defined daily dose (DDD) per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID), in three periods were compared. RESULTS: Mean antibiotic consumption in pediatric outpatients in Asturias (2005-2018) was 14 DID (CI95% 13.4-14.6). Consumption increased until 2009 (15.2 DID) and decreased from 2015 onwards (11.9 DID in 2018). Remarkable data along the study were: 1) increase in amoxicillin consumption (p = 0.027), that have exceeded that of amoxicillin-clavulanate since 2011; 2) steady consumption of macrolides, with an increase in azithromycin (p < 0.001) and a decrease in clarithromycin (p = 0.001); 3) reduction of cephalosporins consumption (p < 0.001); 4) increase in quinolones consumption (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Global antibiotic consumption in pediatric outpatients in Asturias between 2005 and 2018 has experienced a constant decrease lately and an improvement in patterns of antibacterial use.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents , Outpatients , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Child , Drug Utilization , Humans , Retrospective Studies , SpainABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Data about consumption of antibiotics in Spain are worrisome. They are mainly prescribed in the community sector and there is a high exposure to antibiotics in the pediatric population. The aim of this study is to describe the evolution of antibiotic consumption in the pediatric population of Asturias during 2005-2018 period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective and descriptive study using data about consumption of antibacterial agents for systemic use (J01 group of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification) in pediatric outpatients in Principado de Asturias between 2005 and 2018. Data, expressed as defined daily dose (DDD) per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID), in three periods were compared. RESULTS: Mean antibiotic consumption in pediatric outpatients in Principado de Asturias (2005-2018) was 14 DID (CI95% 13.4-14.6). Consumption increased until 2009 (15.2 DID) and decreased from 2015 onwards (11.9 DID in 2018). Remarkable data along the study were: 1) increase in amoxicillin consumption (p=0.027), that have exceeded that of amoxicillin-clavulanate since 2011; 2) steady consumption of macrolides, with an increase in azithromycin (p<0.001) and a decrease in clarithromycin (p=0.001); 3) reduction of cephalosporins consumption (p<0.001); 4) increase in quinolones consumption (p=0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Global antibiotic consumption in pediatric outpatients in Principado de Asturias between 2005 and 2018 has experienced a constant decrease lately and an improvement in patterns of antibacterial use.
ABSTRACT
El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las tasas de consumo y el perfil y la calidad de prescripción de antibióticos en Asturias durante el año 1998. Se han utilizado datos referentes al consumo de especialidades farmacéuticas prescritas en receta oficial de la Seguridad Social en Asturias, en el ámbito de la atención extrahospitalaria, dispensadas en oficinas de farmacia y facturadas con cargo al INSALUD. Se obtiene para cada principio activo el número de Dosis Diarias Definidas (DDD) Y los datos de utilización se expresan en Dosis Diaria Definida / 1000 habitantes y día (DHD). Se clasifican los antibióticos en dos grupos, según el nivel deseable de utilización en Atención Primaria. Las penicilinas son los antibióticos de mayor consumo (52,48% del total), seguidas de macrólidos (19,91%), quinolonas (11,24%), cefalosporinas (7,56%), tetraciclinas (3,40%) y sulfonamidas (3,23%); el resto de familias de antibióticos (antiinfecciosos urinarios, lincosamidas, aminoglucósidos y otros) tienen escasa significación en el consumo global (2, 18%). Los principios activos más prescritos son amoxicilinaácido cIavulánico (4,5311 DHD) Y amoxicilina (4,5270). El porcentaje de DDD de antibióticos correspondientes al primer nivel es de 70,78%. Parece adecuado instaurar programas que informen sobre la variabilidad del consumo de antibióticos y promuevan modificaciones en la prescripción de los mismos. Las estrategias de intervención encaminadas a conseguir una utilización racional de antiinfecciosos se deben planificar incidiendo principalmente sobre determinados grupos (quinolonas y celalosporinas de 3ª generación) y sobre principios activos de reciente aparición (nuevas quinolonas, nuevos macrólidos) (AU)
The object of this study is to analyze the consumption rates and the profile and quality of antibiotic prescriptions in Asturias (Spain) in 1998. Data referring to the consumption of official prescriptions orders of the National Health Service in Asturias in non-hospital environment and dispensed in community pharmacies has been used. The number of Daily Defined Doses (DDD) for each active substance was obtained and the use data is expressed in Daily Defined Doses / 1000 inhabitants and day (DHD). The antibiotics are classified in two groups according to the desired level of utilization in primary care. Penicillins are the antibiotic major consumption (52.48% of the total), followed by macrilids (19.91 %), quinolones (11.24%), cephalosporins (7.56%), tetracyclins (3.40%), and sulphonamides (3.23%); the rest of the families of antibiotics (urinary antiinfectives, lincosamides, aminoglycosides, and others) are of a little significance in the global consumption (2.18%). The most prescribed substance are amoxycillin+clavulanic (4,5311 DHD), and amoxycillin (4,5270 DHD). The percentage of antibiotics corresponding to the first level is 70.78%. It seems to be adequate the setting up of programs that inform about the variability of antibiotic consumption and promote modifications in their prescription. The intervention strategies designed to obtain a rational use of antibiotics should be Planned incising mainly on determined groups (third generation cephalosporins and quinilones) and on substances of recent appearance (new quinolones, new macrolids) (AU)
