Contrasts between mucormycosis and aspergillosis in oncohematological patients.

In retrospective multicenter study from years 2007-2017, we evaluated 59 oncohematological patients with mucormycosis and 541 with invasive aspergillosis (IA). Mucormycosis developed more often in children and adolescents (P = .001), as well as after the emergence of graft versus host disease (P = .0001). Patients with mucormycosis had more severe neutropenia (88% vs 82%), the median duration was 30 versus 14 days (P = .0001) and lymphocytopenia (77% vs 65%), with a median duration (25 vs 14 days, P = .001) as compared to patients with IA. The lung infection was less frequent in patients with mucormycosis than in IA patients (73% vs 97%, P = .02), but more frequent was involvement of 2 or more organs (42% vs 8%, P = .001) and involvement of paranasal sinuses (15% vs 6%, P = .04). Typical clinical features of mucormycosis were localized pain syndrome (53% vs 5%, P = .0001), hemoptysis (32% vs 6%, P = .001), pleural effusion on lung CT scan (53% vs 7%, P = .003), lesions with destruction (38% vs 8%, P = .0001), and a "reverse halo" sign (17% vs 3%). The overall 12-week survival was significantly lower in patients with mucormycosis than for IA patients (49% vs 81%, P = .0001). In both groups unfavorable prognosis factors were ≥2 organs involvement (P = .0009), and concomitant bacterial or viral infection (P = .001, P = .008, respectively). In mucormycosis patients favorable prognosis factor was remission of underlying disease (P = .006).

[Metabolic adaptation resources of organism to studying at medical university students in European North].

BACKGROUND: A student studying is accompanied with psychoemotional stress that requires functional changes in metabolic systems. A blood leucocytes enzyme activity indexes that provides an adaptation are the indicators of energy metabolism. OBJECTIVE: The aim of investigation is to determine the features and role of metabolic adaptive changes in the white blood cells of the students in European North during educational process. METHODS: In the course of year, third course general practitioner faculty students of medical university were investigated seven times (before and after autumn semester, after winter examination period, after summer examination time and during a summer vacation). In blood leucocytes of all the examined patients indicators of enzymes activity of dehydrogenases were detected - succinate dehydrogenase (SDG) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDG), as well as hydrolytic enzymes - acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase. RESULTS: During the year different changes of blood leucocytes enzyme activity were detected depending on the intensity of training load; a most higher SDG and GDG activity were detected in winter time, after examination period as well as after spring semester; an acid phosphatase occurred in the autumn semester but alkaline phosphatase increased in all examination times. CONCLUSION: An enzyme activity changes have a phase character and are accompanied by a coherent, mutual interaction that depends on educational process specifics and examinations. This changes lead to adequacy of adaptation response.