ABSTRACT
Bicornuate uterus is a rare congenital uterine malformation and structural abnormality that affects less than 05 % of women in the United States. Resulting pregnancies are rarely carried to term and commonly result in fetal abnormalities and complications such as decreased fertility and risks of complicated pregnancies such as spontaneous abortion and miscarriages, IUGR, preterm delivery, cervical incompetence, and fetal malpresentations. This report highlights a case in which a 32-year-old patient with a bicornis bicollis uterus who had a viable pregnancy in one of the uterine horns later delivered a live male neonate at term without complications via spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD). The study underscores the importance of using the imaging modalities of ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging, and hysterosalpingograms to aid in the diagnosis and monitoring throughout the duration of the pregnancy.
ABSTRACT
Posterior urethral valve (PUV) is an anomaly of the urinary tract in male children and is the leading cause of urinary tract obstruction in the pediatric population. PUV is diagnosed radiologically by ultrasonography, both pre- and postnatally, and using micturating cystourethrography. Its prevalence and age of diagnosis may vary by demographic and ethnic background. This case highlights an older Nigerian child that presented with recurrent urinary tract symptoms and was subsequently diagnosed with PUV. The study further explores the key radiographic findings and analyzes the radiographic imaging features of PUV in various populations.
ABSTRACT
Wilms' tumor, also known as nephroblastoma, is a rare cancer of the kidney that occurs almost exclusively in children. In this case report, a 3-year-old male presented to the hospital with left flank swelling and recurrent fever of 4 months duration. On examination, the abdomen was distended, with associated left flank fullness and distension of the anterior abdominal wall veins. A left nontender firm flank mass was palpated. Upon extensive imaging, the mass was revealed to be a nephroblastoma. The study reviews the use of imaging as a means of achieving a diagnosis and accurately measuring the size and magnitude of the tumor in order that treatment, whether surgery or chemotherapy, be commenced.
ABSTRACT
Olfactory groove meningiomas (OGMs) are rare, intracranial tumors located in the anterior cranial fossa that grow along the nerves between the brain and the nose. This report highlights a case in which a 74-year-old Nigerian male presented with clinical features of anosmia and headache as well as pertinent CT and MRI findings that typically occur in female patients. The study reviews the importance of imaging as a means of achieving a timely diagnosis and accurately measuring the size and magnitude of the disease as it serves as a guide to surgeons when planning for intervention.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common non-communicable diseases worldwide. Diabetics with autonomic neuropathy tend to have larger gallbladder (GB) with poor contraction after fatty meals predisposing them to gallstones and cholecystitis. This may be prevented and treated if detected early using ultrasound. This study sonographically evaluated the GB in adults with type 2 diabetes and compared the findings with a non-diabetic age and sex-matched control group. METHODS: In this case-control study, 120 patients with type 2 diabetes and 120 non-diabetic controls between the ages of 18 and 80 years at National Hospital Abuja had their GB evaluated after eight hours of overnight fast using B-mode ultrasound. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20.0 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.) and presented in tables. RESULT: There were 60 males and 60 females with mean ages of 53.3 and 52 years for the cases and controls, respectively. The average fasting gallbladder volume (FGBV) in diabetics (34.51 + 3.16cm3) was higher than that of controls (27.17 + 1.25cm3). Eleven (9.2%) diabetics had gallstone (GS), while none was detected in controls. The GB wall thickness was significantly higher in diabetics than in the controls (0.28 ± 0.06 cm vs 0.25 ± 0.04 cm). CONCLUSION: A significant proportion of type 2 diabetics had higher FGBV, GB wall thickness, and presence of gallstone compared to the non-diabetic controls. B-mode ultrasound is a very important non-invasive and accurate tool for detecting these changes early.
ABSTRACT
Mucosal melanomas (MM) are a rare type of melanomas commonly found in the vulvovaginal, anorectal, and respiratory tract. In this case report, a 71-year-old female presented to her OB/GYN clinic with dark raised mass on her right labial region adjacent to the perineum. Past medical and surgical history of note included third-degree uterine prolapse, senile vaginitis, fibrocystic changes of the breasts bilaterally, hypothyroidism, hypertension, as well as a past hysterectomy and anterior colporrhaphy. Upon further workup, the 2.7 x 1.8 x 2 cm polyploid mass was biopsied and was found to be consistent with malignant melanoma. The patient then underwent a wide local excision confirming that the lesion was a nodular vulvar melanoma with superficial ulcerations and lymphovascular invasion of the vulvar region. Post-wide local incisions were found to be healed well after the procedure and the patient was referred to a gynecological oncologist for continuous monitoring. The purpose of this case report is to bring awareness of melanomas arising in atypical regions. While MMs are rare in comparison to cutaneous melanomas (CM), the prognosis can be poor if not caught early.
