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2.
Psychol Sport Exerc ; 73: 102635, 2024 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38575103

ABSTRACT

Anxiety has been the primary focus of emotion research in sport psychology. Most of the existing anxiety measures focus on the competition related anxiety. Little is known about the way in which anxiety affects athletic outcomes in extreme sports. We contribute to the literature on anxiety in extreme sports by: (1) developing and providing a preliminary validation for a novel, theoretically anchored sport climbing inventory, Climbing Anxiety Scale (CAS-20), among an international sample of rock-climbers (N = 153); and (2) providing preliminary evidence on its factorial and criterion-related validity. Our investigation includes two phases. The first phase (6 clinical and sport psychology experts) included the development and expert review of a climbing specific anxiety scale. The second phase (N = 153) offers preliminary evidence pertaining to the measure's reliability, factorial, convergent and criterion related validity. Factorial validity was investigated by deploying a series of confirmatory factorial analyses. Convergent and discriminatory validity were examined by comparing the scale's associations with a general anxiety measure, a sport anxiety measure, as well as climbing self-efficacy. Criterion-related validity was estimated by examining its relationship with rock-climbing performance. We contribute to the general domain of sport and athletic research by developing a sport-specific anxiety measure, investigating whether and how anxiety comes into play in rock-climbing, a high-risk sport. This scale can be used for assessing anxiety in climbing and monitoring the impact of an interventions designed to reduce these symptoms.


Subject(s)
Anxiety , Psychometrics , Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Anxiety/psychology , Anxiety/diagnosis , Reproducibility of Results , Young Adult , Psychometrics/methods , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Surveys and Questionnaires , Middle Aged , Mountaineering/psychology , Athletic Performance/psychology , Self Efficacy , Adolescent
3.
Eval Health Prof ; : 1632787231188458, 2023 Jul 18.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37461882

ABSTRACT

Hepatitis B is a condition that directly affects hundreds of millions of people, who may require testing for certain psychological constructs. This systematic review presents the current state with regard to the instruments that are used for the measurement of psychological variables in relation to hepatitis B. We conducted a comprehensive search in bibliographic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library), and grey literature search. We identified commonly used measures, their psychometric properties and gaps in the research. Our findings from the 38 papers included in the review indicate that while several tests have been developed to cater to hepatitis B patients, most are focused on quality of life, with few targeting other needed directions, such as stigma or attitudes to vaccination. We also show the limits in current measures and discuss potential improvements.

4.
Psychol Rep ; : 332941231175363, 2023 May 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37148303

ABSTRACT

Our 10-day diary investigation anchored in dynamic personality theories, such as Whole Trait Theory examined (a) whether within-person variability in two broad personality traits Extraversion and Neuroticism is consistently predicted by daily events, (b) whether positive and negative affect, respectively partly mediate this relationship and (c) the lagged relationships between events, and next day variations in affect and personality. Results revealed that personality exhibited significant within-person variability, that positive and negative affect partly mediate the relationship between events and personality, affect accounting for up to 60% of the effects of events on personality. Additionally, we identified that event-affect congruency was accountable for larger effects compared to event-affect non-congruency.

5.
Psychol Sch ; 59(9): 1844-1855, 2022 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35572180

ABSTRACT

This study examines the relationship between teacher perceived stress during the online period of schooling in the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, and their wellbeing, with job crafting as a mediator, The study also examines the role of problem-focused coping as a moderator in the stress-job crafting relationship. A sample of 360 teachers, 347 females, and 13 males, aged 21-63 years answered to an online survey from October to December 2020. Regression analyses were employed to the data. The results show that the conditional indirect effects of stress on wellbeing are statistically significant for low problem-focused coping (ß = -.06, SE = 0.02, p < .001), whereas for high problem-focused coping the effects are not statistically significant (ß = .01, SE = 0.01, p > .05). The effects of stress on wellbeing are mediated by job crafting for teachers who score low on problem-focused coping.

6.
Neuropsychol Rev ; 32(1): 1-19, 2022 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33772410

ABSTRACT

Mental health research among Arabic speakers is increasing, and with it the need to assess psychopathology of Arabic-speaking populations, including natives, refugees, and immigrants. However, major challenges include the unavailability of appropriate Arabic tools, and the difficulty of judging whether available tools are appropriate. Critical judgment of psychometric tools is important, because they are used for high stake decisions such as clinical outcomes and diagnoses. We identified Arabic-language tests that measure constructs related to mental illness and health, critically analyzed their methodologies, and provided broad recommendations for future research. We conducted a systematic search query using four online databases and followed step-wise exclusions. We identified 115 articles published between January 1998 and August 2019 which produced 138 Arabic tests to screen or diagnose or plan treatment for psychological disorders. More than 80% of tests were translated or adapted from English using methods that are not comparable with the latest standards. Methods of establishing validity, reliability, and equivalence, were also limited, with one quarter not reporting reliability, and the majority using only one source of validity evidence. There is much room for improvement when making decisions about translation or adaptation designs, as well as conducting and reporting psychometric evidence.


Subject(s)
Language , Translations , Humans , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of Results , Surveys and Questionnaires
7.
Eval Health Prof ; 44(4): 406-415, 2021 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34579583

ABSTRACT

The Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT) represents a new measure of burnout that addresses the shortcomings of previous instruments. This study investigates the psychometric properties of the Romanian short version of the BAT. The sample consisted of 648 employees that completed the short version of the BAT. Of this sample, 117 employees also completed measures for other well-being indicators, job demands, job resources, personality, and organizational outcomes. According to our findings, there are strong correlations between the four core (exhaustion, emotional impairment, cognitive impairment, and mental distance) and two secondary (psychological distress and psychosomatic complaints) burnout symptoms. The scales presented appropriate reliability indicators. Results also support the convergent, discriminant, and construct validities. The Item Response Theory analysis showed a good coverage of the latent trait and the confirmatory factor analyses revealed appropriate fit indices. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.


Subject(s)
Burnout, Psychological , Burnout, Psychological/diagnosis , Humans , Psychometrics/methods , Reproducibility of Results , Romania , Surveys and Questionnaires
8.
Acta Psychol (Amst) ; 220: 103420, 2021 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34592587

ABSTRACT

This study examines the relationship between depression and learning problems in children, focusing on the mediating role of executive function impairments and inattention. A sample of 115 children, aged 7 to 12 years, who had difficulties in school activities, were tested over the past three years, with different measures assessed by different raters. Regression analyses were employed in analyzing the data. The psychometric tests used were Child Depression Inventory (CDI) and Conners 3rdEdition. Children with a high level of depressive symptoms have also a very high level of learning problems, executive function impairments and inattention. Executive function impairments and inattention add significant explanatory variance for learning problems in school-aged children over and above depression. Executive function impairments and inattention have a partial mediating effect on the relationship between depression and learning problems. The assessment of the executive functions and attention is an important part in the assessment of children with depression; intervention and treatment programs for depression should include components focused on executive functions and attention.


Subject(s)
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity , Executive Function , Attention , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/epidemiology , Child , Cognition , Depression , Humans
9.
J Occup Health Psychol ; 26(4): 291-303, 2021 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34292013

ABSTRACT

The Victim Precipitation Theory states that people may exhibit certain characteristics or behaviors that may act as vulnerability factors for either being picked as a target or for provoking others, hence contributing to escalate an underlying conflict and then increase the risk of victimization from others. In line with this, previous research indicates that certain target personality characteristics may be risk factors for exposure to workplace bullying, particularly so trait-anxiety and trait-anger. The evidence is, however, mainly cross-sectional, and longitudinal studies are needed. In addition, previous research studied exposure to bullying behaviors rather than the development of workplace bullying. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of personality in the development of workplace bullying, by looking at latent transitions across latent states of bullying exposure as a function of target trait-anxiety and target trait-anger. Data were collected in 2015-2016 among Romanian workers, at eight different measurement points over 6 months. Altogether, 300 respondents were included. Data were analyzed using a three-step latent Markov model. In the first step the statistical optimal number of latent classes or states were estimated, being "Not bullied," "Limited negative encounters," "Occasionally bullied," and "Severely bullied". In the second step, we modeled a latent class Markov model. In the third step, we added personality traits to the Markov chain and found that employees with trait-anxiety and trait-anger reported higher levels of bullying exposure at baseline, as hypothesized. Moreover, these personality traits were related to the subsequent development of bullying over time. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).


Subject(s)
Bullying , Workplace , Anxiety Disorders , Cross-Sectional Studies , Humans , Personality
10.
Eval Health Prof ; 42(2): 196-218, 2019 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30099927

ABSTRACT

To date, there are no scales measuring work-home interaction which are adapted for the Eastern European population. Owing to the significantly different sociocultural contexts and geopolitical history between Western and Eastern populations, despite the massive contemporary East-West migration, a more culturally appropriate scale is needed to ensure valid and reliable measurement of the construct. This article presents the adaptation of the Survey Work-Home Interaction-NijmeGen (SWING) for the Romanian population. The results show that SWING can successfully measure work-home interaction for this population. Gender equivalence is also discussed.


Subject(s)
Work-Life Balance , Adult , Female , Humans , Language , Male , Psychometrics , Romania , Sex Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires
11.
J Pers Assess ; 99(1): 25-34, 2017.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27359346

ABSTRACT

Across 5 different samples, totaling more than 1,600 participants from India, Indonesia, Oman, Romania, and Thailand, the authors address the question of cross-cultural replicability of a personality structure, while exploring the utility of exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) as a data analysis technique in cross-cultural personality research. Personality was measured with an alternative, non-Five-Factor Model (FFM) personality framework, provided by the HEXACO-PI (Lee & Ashton, 2004 ). The results show that the HEXACO framework was replicated in some of the investigated cultures. The ESEM data analysis technique proved to be especially useful in investigating the between-group measurement equivalence of broad personality measures across different cultures.


Subject(s)
Cross-Cultural Comparison , Mental Disorders/diagnosis , Personality Inventory , Personality , Empirical Research , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Female , Humans , India , Indonesia , Male , Models, Theoretical , Oman , Psychological Theory , Romania , Thailand
12.
J Appl Psychol ; 100(1): 21-39, 2015 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24773403

ABSTRACT

This article focuses on establishing a link between vocational fit and 1 domain of job performance: counterproductive work behaviors (CWB). The authors offer a model explaining from a self-regulation perspective how the lack of vocational fit generates CWB and test this model in 2 studies and 3 multisource samples. The 1st study offers support for the mediation model linking vocational lack of fit to CWB through frustration. The 2nd study shows across 2 samples, using both self- and supervisor ratings of CWB, that vocational fit has incremental validity for the prediction of CWB over established predictors, such as broad and narrow personality traits and affect.


Subject(s)
Employment , Personality , Self-Control , Work Performance , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult
13.
J Couns Psychol ; 60(2): 294-302, 2013 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23506513

ABSTRACT

Using data provided by the Self-Directed Search (SDS) on a sample of 1,519 participants comprising 3 subsamples containing high school students, university students, and working adults, the authors examine the structure of vocational interests in Romania. Three competing structural models of vocational interests (Holland's circumplex model and Gati's and Rounds and Tracey's hierarchical models) are analyzed with 3 different approaches: (a) frequency analysis of 2-letter codes, (b) randomization test of hypothesized order relations, and (c) structural equation modeling. The stability of the structure of vocational interests across age is also analyzed. The findings suggest mixed evidence for the 3 models, with Holland's model receiving more support from structural equation modeling, and Gati's and Rounds and Tracey's models receiving more support from the frequency analysis of 2-letter codes. The data conclusively show that the structure of vocational interests becomes clearer with age.


Subject(s)
Aspirations, Psychological , Career Choice , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Developing Countries , Students/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Vocational Guidance , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Models, Psychological , Personality , Psychometrics/statistics & numerical data , Reproducibility of Results , Romania , Social Environment , Young Adult
14.
Accid Anal Prev ; 51: 33-41, 2013 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23182781

ABSTRACT

Using data from three different samples and more than 1000 participants, the current study examines differences in dangerous driving in terms of age, gender, professional driving, as well as the relationship of dangerous driving with behavioral indicators (mileage) and criteria (traffic offenses). The study uses an adapted (Romanian) version of the Dula Dangerous Driving Index (DDDI, Dula and Ballard, 2003) and also reports data on the psychometric characteristics of this measure. Findings suggest that the Romanian version of the DDDI has sound psychometric properties. Dangerous driving is higher in males and occasional drivers, is not correlated with mileage and is significantly related with speeding as a traffic offense, both self-reported and objectively measured. The utility of predictive models including dangerous driving is not very large: logistic regression models have a significant fit to the data, but their misclassification rate (especially in terms of sensitivity) is unacceptable high.


Subject(s)
Automobile Driving/psychology , Crime/psychology , Dangerous Behavior , Psychological Tests , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Aggression , Anger , Automobile Driving/legislation & jurisprudence , Female , Humans , Interviews as Topic , Male , Middle Aged , Models, Statistical , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of Results , Risk-Taking , Romania , Sex Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young Adult
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