[Effect of propranolol on the indicators of carbohydrate metabolism and lipid transport in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2]. / Vliianie propranolola na pokazateli uglevodnogo obmena i transporta lipidov u bol'nykh sakharnym diabetom II tipa.

The paper is concerned with some data on the time course of indices of carbohydrate metabolism and lipid spectrum in patients with type II diabetes mellitus with concomitant CHD or arterial hypertension during therapy with mean doses of propranolol. The course treatment with propranolol resulted in the deterioration of carbohydrate metabolic indices and unfavorable shifts in the lipid spectrum of some patients. Patients on insulin therapy might demonstrate a significant decrease in the blood sugar level after physical exercise. The results obtained indicate the necessity of control over indices of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in patients with type II diabetes mellitus during propranolol therapy.

[Changes in the indices of carbohydrate metabolism, of the lipoprotein spectrum and of the blood coagulation system in men with ischemic heart disease undergoing long-term propranolol treatment]. / Izmenenie nekotorykh pokazatelei uglevodnogo obmena, spektra lipoproteidov i sistemy svertyvaniia krovi u muzhchin s ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa pri dlitel'nom lechenii propranololom.

The paper is concerned with evidence of the time course of blood sugar, lipoprotein spectrum and some values of the blood coagulation system in patients with CHD on prolonged propranolol therapy in comparison with their natural time course in a similar group of patients with CHD receiving no therapy. Propranolol therapy for 2 yrs. produced no changes in the lipoprotein spectrum and blood fibrinogen. The level of blood sugar on an empty stomach rose 6 and 12 mos after treatment and did not differ from the control one in 24 mos, and the coagulation index significantly exceeded the control one in 24 mos. The results obtained are suggestive of a necessity of control over the level of blood sugar and hemocoagulation during a prolonged and continuous intake of propranolol.

[Changes in the resting ECG in males with impaired carbohydrate tolerance of different degrees without clinical symptoms of ischemic heart disease and arterial hypertension]. / Izmeneniia EKG pokoia u muzhchin s narushennoi tolerantnost'iu k uglevodam razlichnoi vyrazhennosti pri otsutstvii klinicheskikh priznakov ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa a arterial'noi gipertonii.

The resting ECGs were analyzed in males aged 20-60 years with various tolerance to carbohydrates. There were statistically significant differences between the values characterizing the functions of automatism and conductivity on the resting ECG in patients with diabetes mellitus without any clinical symptoms of coronary heart disease (CHD), arterial hypertension, cardiac failure and other chronic diseases and in healthy males with the normal tolerance to carbohydrates. in patients with borderline impairments of carbohydrate tolerance (CT), these parameters occupied an intermediate position between the corresponding values in patients with diabetes mellitus and in subjects with the normal tolerance to carbohydrates. During the mass screening of the population the complex of the examinations conducted should include the methods of monitoring carbohydrate metabolism in order to identify individuals with CT impairments who are at risk of developing both CHD and diabetes mellitus.

[Evaluation of the stability and prognostic significance of identification of various risk factors of ischemic heart disease in 50 to 59-year-old men]. / Otsenka stabil'nosti i prognosticheskoi znachimosti vyiavleniia nekotorykh faktorov riska ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa u muzhchin 50--59 let.

The authors present the data on the prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and its risk factors, on the incidence of new cases of CHD and the associated mortality in the unorganized population of 50-59-year-old men of Moscow as well as findings on the natural variability of risk factors obtained over six years in a follow-up study. The relationship between the CHD incidence on the one hand and the baseline arterial pressure levels, excessive body weight and smoking habit on the other is evaluated. Arterial hypertension is shown to be the most prognostic risk factor of CHD in the unifactorial analysis.

[Major results of a long-term prospective study of a male population]. / Osnovnye rezul'taty mnogoletnego prospektivnogo nabliudeniia za muzhskoi populiatsiei.

The results of a prospective study of a Moscow population of males aged 50-59, represented in 4 independent samples (each numbering 500 subjects), are reported. Two examinations were conducted at a 6.5-year interval, and mortality was reviewed in the examined population. High incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and its risk factors was established at first screening, and increased further during the next decade. The need for a differential approach to the assessment of CHD risk factors and high mortality rates, and also to the planning of preventive programs with regard to age, presence of CHD and its risk factors, is emphasized.

[Results of a carbohydrate tolerance study in prospective epidemiological research on ischemic heart disease]. / Rezul'taty izucheniia tolerantnosti k uglevodam v prospektivnom épidemiologicheskom issledovanii IBS.

There are presented the results of a prospective study aimed at establishing the incidence of impaired carbohydrate tolerance in a nonorganized population of middle-aged males, which in a 6.5-year follow-up accounted for 42.2 and 40.3%, respectively. The incidence of diabetes mellitus increased drastically with age (3.1% and 9.8% in 50-54 and 60-64 year-old men, respectively). Men with borderline impaired carbohydrate tolerance combined with glucosuria require the most thorough dispensary follow-up, for they were found to develop diabetes mellitus in 6.3% of cases during the following 6.5 years.

[Multiyear prospective study of ischemic heart disease among a selected male population from one of the districts of Moscow. A comparison of the data from repeat examinations of the chosen population after 6 1/2 years]. / Mnogoletnee prospektivnoe issledovanie ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa sredi vyborochnogo muzhskogo naseleniia odnogo iz raionov Moskvy. Sravnenie dannykh povtornykh obsledovanii izbrannoi populiatsii cherez 6 1/2 let.

The findings of a prospective follow-up of a selective male population whose ages ranged from 50 to 59 years are discussed. Two one-stage examinations were conducted at an interval of 6 1/2 years. A marked increase in the incidence of various forms of ischemic heart disease and its risk factors was noted. Growth of the entropy of the distribution of the forms of ischemic heart disease, ECG changes, and risk factors was also revealed, which reflected the unidirectional process of ageing of the population associated with the accumulation of "pathology" with time.

[Risk factors in ischemic heart disease (arterial hypertension and hypercholesterolemia) and population age]. / Faktory riska ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa (arterial'naia gipertoniia i giperkholesterinemiia) i vozrast populiatsii.

Comparative data of a 40% randomized screening of the male population in Moscow aged 50-59 (2000 males), a 5% randomized sample (392 males) aged 40-49, as well as 1631 males aged 40-49, subjected to prophylactic examinations are presented. The changes of the analyzed risk factors proved to be more pronounced in subjects aged 50-59, while significance of individual risk factors as regards the prevalence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) decreases with age. The subjects undergoing prophylactic examination represent a more risk population group in respect to the prevalence of IHD risk factors as compared with the randomized sample.

[Selection of groups of the male population 40 to 49 with risk factors for conducting primary prophylaxis of ischemic heart disease]. / Otbor grupp muzhskogo naseleniia 40--49 let s faktorami riska dlia provedeniia pervichnoi profilaktiki ishemischeskoi bolezni serdtsa.

The method of selecting population groups with risk factors for applying measures of primary prevention of ischemic heart disease among males 40 to 49 years of age is discussed. The article shows the results of two-stage screening conducted among 18,707 males born between 1922 and 1931 for the selection of volunteers with relatively stable risk factors of ischemic heart disease: arterial hypertension (systolic pressure 160 mm Hg or higher and/or diastolic pressure 96 mm Hg or higher) and hypercholesterolemia (above 260 mg percent). The data of the experimental preventive study show a lack of willingness among the population to take part in preventive measures aimed at controlling ischemic heart disease. When conducting preventive measures among the unorganized population, most attention should be focused on the organization of the primary screening examination, i.e. the first contact of the population with the physician.

[Prevalence of ischemic heart disease depending on the extent of manifestation of certain risk factors]. / Rasprostranennost' ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa v zavisimosti ot vyrazhennosti nekotorykh faktorov riska

A comparative assessment is presented for the significance of some risk factors (systolic and diastolic pressures, blood serum cholesterol and triglycerides, fasting blood sugar level and blood fibrinogen level) for the spreading of ischaemic heart disease with reference to their severity. When the method of parametric discriminative analysis was used, most of the examined indices displayed a growing extent of ischaemic heart disease from the lower values towards the higher ones, and a decreasing importance of the factor with the growing age. The multidimentional analysis of the spreading of ischaemic heart disease illustrates its increasing spreading along with the accumulation of the amount of some risk factors. These data proved the necessity of a differentiated approach to the study of preventive measures in different age groups with certain risk factors.

Prevalence of ischaemic heart disease, arterial hypertension and intermittent claudication, and distribution of risk factors among middle-aged men in Moscow and Berlin.

The initial examinations of prospective epidemiological studies of the same kind performed in random samples of 50-54 years old men from Moscow and Berlin showed the following prevalence rates (each first figure for Moscow, second for Berlin): ischaemic heart disease 14.4/13.6%, arterial hypertension 18.0/19.0%, intermittent claudication 6.9/3.4%, cigarette smoking 46.5/51.4%, overweight 22.9/21.9%, impaired glucose tolerance 36.6/42.5%. Hypercholesterolaemia (24.6/8.1%) was not comparable because different determination methods were used. In both population samples almost a half of IHD and 1/3-1/2 of hypertension cases were newly detected only by the study examinations. More than 80% of the 50-54 years old men showed the presence of one or more risk factors. The following significant relationships between disease groups and risk factors were found: for IHD, with hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, and hypercholesterolaemia (Moscow only); for hypertension, with overweight, impaired glucose tolerance, and hypercholesterolaemia (Moscow only); for intermittent claudication, with cigarette smoking, impaired glucose tolerance, and hypercholesterolaemia (Moscow only). These comparative studies demonstrate the benefit and need of further common research and efforts for prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases.

[Survival and state of patients during the 1st year after myocardial infarct (according to data of epidemiological study - myocardial infarct register)]. / Vyzhivaemost' i sostoianie bol'nykh v techenie 1 goda posle infarkta miokarda (po dannym epidemiologicheskogo issledovaniia - registr infarkta miokarda)

The results of observations conducted in accordance with the programme of myocardial infarction register are presented for 143 patients aged under 65 years, surviving beyond 28 days after the onset of the lesion. In 13.2% of those surviving an acute myocardial infarction a recurrence was found to develop within the first postinfarction year, among them in 11.5% of the cases with a fatal result. Over half (51-54%) of those surviving the infarction retain angina of effort, 16.3-23% have cardiac insufficiency. An examination conducted 3 months following the infarction revealed lipid (57.1%) and carbohydrate (54.3%) metabolism disorders in many patients, as well as disturbances in the blood coagulation and anticoagulation systems. Patients surviving myocardial infarction require differentiated and lasting secondary preventive measures.