Torulopsis glabrata osteomyelitis. A case report.

Skeletal infection involving Torulopsis glabrata is extremely rare. A 66-year-old woman developed Torulopsis glabrata osteomyelitis during a course of prolonged antibiotic therapy for staphylococcal pneumonia that occurred as a postoperative complication of a total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis. Roentgenograms and a biopsy sample revealed a destructive inflammatory lesion of the vertebrae. The presence of the yeast organism in the lesion was demonstrated definitively by culture and tissue pathology, removing any doubt about the pathogenicity of the organism. The disease was successfully treated with 5-fluorocytosine, and the patient recovered without functional impairments.

Evolution and host-dependent lesions in autoimmune thyroiditis: experimental study in inbred mice.

The evolution of thyroid pathology in experimental autoimmune thyroiditis was studied in several inbred strains of mice. The disease was induced by immunization with mouse thyroglobulin emulsified in Freund's complete adjuvant. In addition to the common lymphoid/mononuclear cell infiltration seen in other animal species with experimental autoimmune thyroiditis, several distinct thyroid lesions occurred only in certain strains of mice, suggesting a strain-dependency of these lesions. These lesions appeared often at the peak of the common lesion of autoimmune thyroiditis. These findings suggest that the thyroid pathology in murine autoimmune thyroiditis varies during its course and that some lesions occurring in this disease are strain-dependent. A genetic influence on the morphology of thyroid in chronic thyroiditis of man is postulated.

Experimental acute pancreatitis in dogs and effects of steroids. A light and electron microscopic study with reference to pathogenesis.

Acute pancreatitis was induced in 39 dogs by injecting 10 ml of autologous bile into the pancreatic duct system. Of these dogs, 19 received hydrocortisone. As control, used were two normal dogs and six that were injected with 10 ml of normal saline solution into the pancreatic duct. Of all, 14 dogs were examined by electron microscope. All dogs that were injected with bile developed acute pancreatitis and histologically the lesion produced was acute necrotizing pancreatitis. Dogs treated with steroids showed an improved survival and a reduction in the severity of the acinar lesion. Ultrastructurally, pancreatic changes in these animals were mainly in the acinar cells and capillaries. Although ultrastructural lesions were similar in animals treated with steroids, steroid therapy appeared to be associated with an improved structural preservation of the acinar cells. These results suggest that the bile infusion method is reliable in producing acute necrotizing pancreatitis and that steroid administration is associated with an improved survival and reduction of the severity of the pancreatic lesion. The pathogenetic mechanism in this model and the mode of action of steroids were suggested by the ultrastructural study.

Does edematous pancreatitis exist in biliary-related pancreatitis? A hemodynamic and histologic study of the progression of bile-induced pancreatitis.

The progression of pancreatitis induced in dogs by either single or hourly injections of two different bile solutions was monitored to determine whether acute necrotizing pancreatitis developed through an earlier mild interstitial form. In this model of biliary-related pancreatitis, acute interstitial pancreatitis could not be produced. The earliest lesion produced, although having the macroscopic appearance of edematous pancreatitis, was histologically a mild necrotizing form of the disease. If the bile solution was of sufficient concentration, then further injections resulted in progression of the pancreatitis from this mild form of scattered areas of focal acinar necrosis through coalescence of these areas to areas of parenchymal hemorrhage. Pancreatic blood flow, measured through its arterial inflow, increased during the earliest phase of the disease, but then decreased as the disease progressed.

Traumatic dislocation of testis.

Traumatic dislocation of the testis is a rare disorder with only 46 cases having been reported. We herein add 3 cases. Its association with motorcycle accidents and early adulthood are noted. Its mechanism, classification, diagnosis and pathology are discussed. Early closed reduction or surgical orchiopexy is recommended.

Autoimmune granulomatous thyroiditis in inbred mice: resemblance to subacute (de Quervain's) thyroiditis in man.

Mice in various inbred strains were immunized with mouse thyroglobulin emulsified in Freund's complete adjuvant. Granulomatous thyroid lesions were observed only in RF and SJL mice. These lesions were studied ultrastructurally and showed similarities with subacute (de Quervain's) thyroiditis in man. Thyroid function tests, e.g., the concentration of serum thyroxine and thyroid radioiodine uptake showed similarities between these two diseases. Such findings have not been previously described in experimental thyroiditis.

Nephrogenic adenoma of bladder. Clinical and ultrastructural study.

A clinical and pathologic study of a case of nephrogenic adenoma is presented. The disease developed eight months after gunshot wounds. Ultrastructurally, the tubular structure of the lesion resembled that of a collecting tubule. A conservative approach was the treatment of choice in the absence of microscopically malignant changes.