Subject(s)
Carpal Joints/surgery , Joint Dislocations/surgery , Lunate Bone/surgery , Scaphoid Bone/surgery , Ulnar Nerve/injuries , Accidental Falls , Adult , Carpal Joints/diagnostic imaging , Carpal Joints/injuries , Fracture Fixation, Internal , Fractures, Bone/surgery , Humans , Joint Dislocations/diagnostic imaging , Joint Dislocations/etiology , Lunate Bone/diagnostic imaging , Lunate Bone/injuries , Male , Radiography , Scaphoid Bone/diagnostic imaging , Scaphoid Bone/injuries , Ulnar Nerve/surgery , Ulnar Neuropathies/etiology , Ulnar Neuropathies/surgeryABSTRACT
Fermented papaya preparation is a natural health food that has been commercially sold in Japan for 2 years. It is made by yeast fermentation of Carica Papaya Linn. We examined the antioxidant action of the fermented papaya preparation on free radicals and lipid peroxidation. Free radicals have been related with aging and diseases, such as cancer, diabetes and especially in neurological disorders, for example, Parkinson's disease or Alzheimer's disease. A diet including variable antioxidant foods may therefore help to prevent these illnesses. The free radical scavenging activity of the fermented papaya preparation was examined using an electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer. Fermented papaya preparation (50 mg/ml) scavenged 80% of hydroxyl radicals (.OH) as spin adducts of spin trap, 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO) (5.27 x 10(15)spins/ml) generated by Fenton reagents. The value of IC50 was 12.5 mg/ml. The oral administration of the fermented papaya preparation for 4 weeks decreased the elevated of lipid peroxide levels in the ipsilateral 30 min after injection of iron solution by iron into the left cortex of rats. The fermented papaya preparation also increased superoxide dismutase activity in the cortex and hippocampus of them. These results suggest that the fermented papaya preparation has antioxidant actions and that it may be prophylactic food against the age related and neurological diseases associated with free radicals.
Subject(s)
Epilepsy/metabolism , Free Radical Scavengers/administration & dosage , Fruit/chemistry , Iron/toxicity , Lipid Peroxides/metabolism , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , Administration, Oral , Animals , Enzyme Activation , Epilepsy/chemically induced , Epilepsy/enzymology , Fermentation , Food, Organic , Free Radical Scavengers/metabolism , Male , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Plant Extracts/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Superoxide Dismutase/drug effectsABSTRACT
A new series of 4-(1,4-benzoquinon-2-yl)-4-phenylbutanamides (2) were synthesized for evaluation of their pharmacological activities. All these compounds synthesized showed significant antilipidperoxidation (ALP) activities with brain homogenate in rats and some of them possessed a protective effect against hypobaric hypoxia in mice. Especially, a thiomorpholine derivative (2l, SUN-4757) showed a wide efficacy spectrum to a variety of experimental screening assays designed for cerebral protective agents, and it had a high LD50 value.
Subject(s)
Benzoquinones/chemical synthesis , Cardiovascular Agents/chemical synthesis , Hypoxia, Brain/prevention & control , Animals , Benzoquinones/pharmacology , Benzoquinones/toxicity , Cardiovascular Agents/pharmacology , In Vitro Techniques , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred Strains , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
A series of 4,4-diarylbutylamine and 4,4-diarylbutanamide derivatives has been synthesized and evaluated for their antilipidperoxidation (ALP) activity and acute toxicity (LD50). Some of them were found to have significant ALP activity.
