Incidence of fractures and clinical profile of patients following up at a Fracture Liaison Service in the city of Curitiba.

BACKGROUND: Osteoporotic fractures are common, and their incidence are increasing worldwide. The first fracture doubles the risk of new fractures. Despite that, up to 80% of patients with a fragility fracture are evaluated or treated to reduce the risk of new fractures. AIMS: To evaluate the results of the operation of the hospital Fracture Liaison Service (FLS) and to analyze the clinical characteristics of the patients attending the service in its first 2 years of operation and to estimate the fracture risk reduction ratio. METHODS: The FLS managed patients older than 50 years who were admitted with a low-energy trauma fracture between January 2017 and April 2018. This management consists in a full medical evaluation, nutritional and physical activity guidance, and specific osteoporosis treatment, if needed. RESULTS: We monitored and treated 135 patients. Forty percent of them had a previous fracture and only 20.3% of them received treatment to prevent new fractures. On Kaplan-Meier analysis, the estimated incidence of new fractures over 24 months was 12.1% (95% CI 7.2-20.8%), indicating that the percentage of patients without new fractures due to bone fragility during treatment was estimated at 87.9% (95% CI 79.2-92.8%). CONCLUSIONS: The evaluation and treatment of patients who sustained a fragility fracture to prevent a secondary fracture is effective in reducing the risk of new fractures in high-risk patients.

How to initiate and develop Fracture Liaison Services (FLS). Recommendations from the IOF Capture the Fracture® FLS Mentors in Brazil.

Expected number of fragility fractures in Brazil, raising the healthcare prioritization for interventions that reduce fracture risk. An FLS is dedicated to managing patient with fragility fracture to reduce risk of another fracture. We review FLSs cost-effectiveness and describe key components to effectively set up FLS in Brazil. PURPOSE: To create a guideline to show health professionals, hospital managers, and stakeholders in Brazil the importance of secondary fracture prevention and how to implement a Fracture Liaison Service. METHODS: We review the cost-effectiveness for FLSs in Brazil. We describe the key components needed to set up an effective FLS including methods for identification, investigation, treatment indication, including bone drugs, supplementation, physical activity, fall prevention, and monitoring. The staffing of FLSs, value of regional clinical networks and quality improvement are also described as a guide for healthcare professionals and decision makers in Brazil. RESULTS: An FLS is a service dedicated to identifying, assessing, recommending treatment, and monitoring patient who present with a fragility fracture reducing the risk of another fracture. FLS has been implemented in Brazil since 2012 overcoming a large geography and a complex health system. Even the limitations, restrictions, differences, and characteristics of each region, it is possible for health institutions to initiate an FLS, adapted to own available resources and meet the stages of identification, investigation, treatment, and monitoring. CONCLUSION: The peculiarity of the Brazilian healthcare system means FLS implementation needs to be tailored to local reality. However, even with limitations, any attempt to capture patients who suffer a fracture due to bone fragility is effective and reduces the risk of further fractures.

Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament by means of an anteromedial portal and femoral fixation using Rigidfix / Reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior pelo portal anteromedial e fixação femoral com Rigidfix

Objective: To evaluate a series of patients who underwent surgery for reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament with flexor tendons, by means of the anteromedial transportal technique using Rigidfix for femoral fixation, and to analyze the positioning of the pins by means of tomography. Methods: Thirty-two patients were included in the study. The clinical evaluation was done using the Lysholm, subjective IKDC and Rolimeter. All of them underwent computed tomography with 3D reconstruction in order to evaluate the entry point and positioning of the Rigidfix pins in relation to the joint cartilage of the lateral condyle of the femur. Results: The mean Lysholm score obtained was 87.81 and the subjective IKDC was 83.72. Among the 32 patients evaluated, 43% returned to activities that were considered to be very vigorous, 9% vigorous, 37.5% moderate and 12.5% light. In 16 patients (50%), the distal entry point of the Rigidfix pin was located outside of the cartilage (extracartilage); in seven (21.87%), the distal pin injured the joint cartilage (intracartilage); and in nine (28.12%), it was at the border of the lateral condyle of the femur. Conclusion: The patients who underwent ACL reconstruction by means of the anteromedial transportal using the Rigidfix system presented satisfactory clinical results over the length of follow-up evaluated. However, the risk of lesions of the joint cartilage from the distal Rigidfix pin needs to be taken into consideration when the technique via an anteromedial portal is used. Further studies with larger numbers of patients and longer follow-up times should be conducted for better evaluation...

Objetivo: Avaliar uma série de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior com tendões flexores pela técnica transportal anteromedial com o uso de Rigidfix para fixação femoral e analisar o posicionamento dos pinos por meio de tomografia. Métodos: Foram incluídos no estudo 32 pacientes. A avaliação clínica foi feita com os escores de Lysholm, IKDC subjetivo e Rolimeter. Todos foram submetidos a tomografia computadorizada com reconstrução em 3D para avaliação do ponto de entrada e do posicionamento dos pinos do Rigidfix em relação à cartilagem articular do côndilo lateral do fêmur. Resultados: A média do escore de Lysholm obtido foi de 87,81 e do IKDC subjetivo, de 83,72. Dos 32 pacientes avaliados, 43% retornaram a atividades consideradas muito vigorosas, 9% a vigorosas, 37,5% a moderadas e 12,5% a leves. Em 16 pacientes (50%), o ponto de entrada do pino distal do Rigidfix foi localizado fora da cartilagem (extracartilagem), em sete (21,87%) o pino distal lesou a cartilagem articular (intracartilagem) e em nove (28,12%) ficou na borda da cartilagem articular do côndilo lateral do fêmur. Conclusão: Os pacientes submetidos à reconstrução do LCA com o sistema Rigidfix pela técnica transportal anteromedial apresentaram um resultado clínico satisfatório no tempo de seguimento avaliado. Entretanto, o risco de lesão da cartilagem articular pelo pino distal do Rigidfix deve ser considerado quando a técnica via portal anteromedial é usada. Outros estudos com maior número de pacientes e com um tempo de seguimento mais longo devem ser feitos para melhor avaliação...

Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament in skeletally immature patients: an individualized approach / Reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior em pacientes esqueleticamente imaturos: uma abordagem individualizada

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate a series of skeletally immature patients who underwent three surgical techniques for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction according to each patient's growth potential. METHODS: a series of 23 skeletally immature patients who underwent ACL reconstruction surgery at ages ranging from 7 to 15 years was evaluated prospectively. The surgical technique was individualized according to the Tanner sexual maturity score. The surgical techniques used were transphyseal reconstruction, partial transphyseal reconstruction and extraphyseal reconstruction. Four patients underwent the extraphyseal technique, seven the partial transphyseal technique and twelve the full transphyseal technique, on the ACL. The postoperative evaluation was based on the Lysholm score, clinical analysis on the knee and the presence of angular deformity or dysmetria of the lower limb. RESULTS: the mean Lysholm score was 96.34 (±2.53). None of the patients presented differences in length and/or clinical or radiographic misalignment abnormality of the lower limbs. CONCLUSION: ACL reconstruction using flexor tendon grafts in skeletally immature patients provided satisfactory functional results. Use of individualized surgical techniques according to growth potential did not give rise to physeal lesions capable of causing length discrepancies or misalignments of the lower limbs, even in patients with high growth potential...

OBJETIVO: avaliar uma série de pacientes esqueleticamente imaturos submetidos a três técnicas cirúrgicas de reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) de acordo com o potencial de crescimento de cada paciente. MÉTODOS: foram avaliados prospectivamente 23 pacientes com idade de sete a 15 anos esqueleticamente imaturos submetidos à cirurgia de reconstrução do LCA. A técnica cirúrgica foi individualizada de acordo com o escore de maturação sexual de Tanner. As técnicas cirúrgicas usadas foram a reconstrução transfisária (TF), a transfisária parcial (TFP) e a extrafisária (EF). Quatro pacientes foram submetidos à EF, sete à TFP e 12 à TF. Avaliação pós-operatória foi baseada no escore de Lysholm, na análise clínica do joelho e na presença de deformidade angular ou dismetria do membro inferior. RESULTADOS: a média do escore de Lysholm foi de 96,34 (± 2,53). Nenhum paciente apresentou diferença de comprimento e/ou alteração clínica ou radiográfica de mau alinhamento dos membros inferiores. CONCLUSÃO: a reconstrução do LCA com o uso de enxerto de tendões flexores em pacientes esqueleticamente imaturos proporcionou resultados funcionais satisfatórios. O uso de técnicas cirúrgicas individualizadas de acordo com o potencial de crescimento não ocasionou lesão fisária capaz de determinar discrepância de comprimento ou mau alinhamento dos membros inferiores, mesmo em pacientes com alto potencial de crescimento...

Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament in skeletally immature patients: an individualized approach.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate a series of skeletally immature patients who underwent three surgical techniques for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction according to each patient's growth potential. METHODS: a series of 23 skeletally immature patients who underwent ACL reconstruction surgery at ages ranging from 7 to 15 years was evaluated prospectively. The surgical technique was individualized according to the Tanner sexual maturity score. The surgical techniques used were transphyseal reconstruction, partial transphyseal reconstruction and extraphyseal reconstruction. Four patients underwent the extraphyseal technique, seven the partial transphyseal technique and twelve the full transphyseal technique, on the ACL. The postoperative evaluation was based on the Lysholm score, clinical analysis on the knee and the presence of angular deformity or dysmetria of the lower limb. RESULTS: the mean Lysholm score was 96.34 (±2.53). None of the patients presented differences in length and/or clinical or radiographic misalignment abnormality of the lower limbs. CONCLUSION: ACL reconstruction using flexor tendon grafts in skeletally immature patients provided satisfactory functional results. Use of individualized surgical techniques according to growth potential did not give rise to physeal lesions capable of causing length discrepancies or misalignments of the lower limbs, even in patients with high growth potential.

OBJETIVO: avaliar uma série de pacientes esqueleticamente imaturos submetidos a três técnicas cirúrgicas de reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) de acordo com o potencial de crescimento de cada paciente. MÉTODOS: foram avaliados prospectivamente 23 pacientes com idade de sete a 15 anos esqueleticamente imaturos submetidos à cirurgia de reconstrução do LCA. A técnica cirúrgica foi individualizada de acordo com o escore de maturação sexual de Tanner. As técnicas cirúrgicas usadas foram a reconstrução transfisária (TF), a transfisária parcial (TFP) e a extrafisária (EF). Quatro pacientes foram submetidos à EF, sete à TFP e 12 à TF. Avaliação pós-operatória foi baseada no escore de Lysholm, na análise clínica do joelho e na presença de deformidade angular ou dismetria do membro inferior. RESULTADOS: a média do escore de Lysholm foi de 96,34 (± 2,53). Nenhum paciente apresentou diferença de comprimento e/ou alteração clínica ou radiográfica de mau alinhamento dos membros inferiores. CONCLUSÃO: a reconstrução do LCA com o uso de enxerto de tendões flexores em pacientes esqueleticamente imaturos proporcionou resultados funcionais satisfatórios. O uso de técnicas cirúrgicas individualizadas de acordo com o potencial de crescimento não ocasionou lesão fisária capaz de determinar discrepância de comprimento ou mau alinhamento dos membros inferiores, mesmo em pacientes com alto potencial de crescimento.

Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament by means of an anteromedial portal and femoral fixation using Rigidfix.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a series of patients who underwent surgery for reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament with flexor tendons, by means of the anteromedial transportal technique using Rigidfix for femoral fixation, and to analyze the positioning of the pins by means of tomography. METHODS: Thirty-two patients were included in the study. The clinical evaluation was done using the Lysholm, subjective IKDC and Rolimeter. All of them underwent computed tomography with 3D reconstruction in order to evaluate the entry point and positioning of the Rigidfix pins in relation to the joint cartilage of the lateral condyle of the femur. RESULTS: The mean Lysholm score obtained was 87.81 and the subjective IKDC was 83.72. Among the 32 patients evaluated, 43% returned to activities that were considered to be very vigorous, 9% vigorous, 37.5% moderate and 12.5% light. In 16 patients (50%), the distal entry point of the Rigidfix pin was located outside of the cartilage (extracartilage); in seven (21.87%), the distal pin injured the joint cartilage (intracartilage); and in nine (28.12%), it was at the border of the lateral condyle of the femur. CONCLUSION: The patients who underwent ACL reconstruction by means of the anteromedial transportal using the Rigidfix system presented satisfactory clinical results over the length of follow-up evaluated. However, the risk of lesions of the joint cartilage from the distal Rigidfix pin needs to be taken into consideration when the technique via an anteromedial portal is used. Further studies with larger numbers of patients and longer follow-up times should be conducted for better evaluation.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar uma série de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior com tendões flexores pela técnica transportal anteromedial com o uso de Rigidfix para fixação femoral e analisar o posicionamento dos pinos por meio de tomografia. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos no estudo 32 pacientes. A avaliação clínica foi feita com os escores de Lysholm, IKDC subjetivo e Rolimeter. Todos foram submetidos a tomografia computadorizada com reconstrução em 3D para avaliação do ponto de entrada e do posicionamento dos pinos do Rigidfix em relação à cartilagem articular do côndilo lateral do fêmur. RESULTADOS: A média do escore de Lysholm obtido foi de 87,81 e do IKDC subjetivo, de 83,72. Dos 32 pacientes avaliados, 43% retornaram a atividades consideradas muito vigorosas, 9% a vigorosas, 37,5% a moderadas e 12,5% a leves. Em 16 pacientes (50%), o ponto de entrada do pino distal do Rigidfix foi localizado fora da cartilagem (extracartilagem), em sete (21,87%) o pino distal lesou a cartilagem articular (intracartilagem) e em nove (28,12%) ficou na borda da cartilagem articular do côndilo lateral do fêmur. CONCLUSÃO: Os pacientes submetidos à reconstrução do LCA com o sistema Rigidfix pela técnica transportal anteromedial apresentaram um resultado clínico satisfatório no tempo de seguimento avaliado. Entretanto, o risco de lesão da cartilagem articular pelo pino distal do Rigidfix deve ser considerado quando a técnica via portal anteromedial é usada. Outros estudos com maior número de pacientes e com um tempo de seguimento mais longo devem ser feitos para melhor avaliação.

Use of glucosamine and chondroitin to treat osteoarthritis: a review of the literature / Uso de glucosamina e condroitina no tratamento da osteoartrose: uma revisao da literatura

To evaluate the current evidence that support or disprove the use of glucosamine and chondroitin in the treatment of patients with osteoarthritis. We performed a literature review using the databases of Medline, PubMed and the Cochrane Controlled Trial Register and Cochrane Databases Systematic Reviews (Cochrane Library).We considered only studies with high level of evidence.The study included analysis of randomized controlled trials that included at least 100 patients in each intervention group, meta-analyzes and systematic reviews. Seven meta-analysis, one systematic review and five randomized clinical trials fit inclusion criteria of this review. Considering the best evidences until now, the use of glucosamine and chondroitin does not provide clinical relevant benefits to patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip (Level I of evidence and grade A of recommendation). Further trials with adequate technology are necessaries to elucidate this question. .

Avaliar evidências que apoiem ou refutem o uso de glucosamina e condroitina no tratamento de pacientes com osteoartrose. Foi feita uma revisão da literatura com o uso dos bancos de dados Medline, Pubmed e Cochrane Controlled Trial Register e Cochrane Databases Systematic Reviews (Cochrane Library). Foram considerados apenas estudos com elevado nível de evidências. O estudo incluiu a análise de ensaios clínicos randomizados que incluíram pelo menos 100 pacientes em cada grupo de intervenção, metanálises e revisões sistemáticas. Sete metanálises, uma revisão sistemática e cinco ensaios clínicos randomizados preencheram os critérios de inclusão desta revisão. Frente às melhores evidências existentes até o momento, o uso da glucosamina sulfatada/hidroclorídrica e da condroitina não produz benefícios clinicamente relevantes em pacientes com osteoartrose do joelho e do quadril (nível de evidência I e grau de recomendação A). Futuros estudos com metodologia adequada são necessários para elucidação dessa questão. .

Use of glucosamine and chondroitin to treat osteoarthritis: a review of the literature.

To evaluate the current evidence that support or disprove the use of glucosamine and chondroitin in the treatment of patients with osteoarthritis. We performed a literature review using the databases of Medline, PubMed and the Cochrane Controlled Trial Register and Cochrane Databases Systematic Reviews (Cochrane Library). We considered only studies with high level of evidence. The study included analysis of randomized controlled trials that included at least 100 patients in each intervention group, meta-analyzes and systematic reviews. Seven meta-analysis, one systematic review and five randomized clinical trials fit inclusion criteria of this review. Considering the best evidences until now, the use of glucosamine and chondroitin does not provide clinical relevant benefits to patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip (Level I of evidence and grade A of recommendation). Further trials with adequate technology are necessaries to elucidate this question.

Avaliar evidências que apoiem ou refutem o uso de glucosamina e condroitina no tratamento de pacientes com osteoartrose. Foi feita uma revisão da literatura com o uso dos bancos de dados Medline, Pubmed e Cochrane Controlled Trial Register e Cochrane Databases Systematic Reviews (Cochrane Library). Foram considerados apenas estudos com elevado nível de evidências. O estudo incluiu a análise de ensaios clínicos randomizados que incluíram pelo menos 100 pacientes em cada grupo de intervenção, metanálises e revisões sistemáticas. Sete metanálises, uma revisão sistemática e cinco ensaios clínicos randomizados preencheram os critérios de inclusão desta revisão. Frente às melhores evidências existentes até o momento, o uso da glucosamina sulfatada/hidroclorídrica e da condroitina não produz benefícios clinicamente relevantes em pacientes com osteoartrose do joelho e do quadril (nível de evidência I e grau de recomendação A). Futuros estudos com metodologia adequada são necessários para elucidação dessa questão.