[Functional state of the liver at modeling hemodynamic effects of the weightlessness in human organism].

The radioisotope researches (RR) ofcholeresis function of a liver, the ultrasonic researches (USR) of a liver, the contractile gallbladder function (GF) and the gastroduodenoscopy (GDS) were carried out at 8 men after 24 hour duration of stay in antiorthostatic position--12 degrees (AOP), simulating arising in weightlessness of hemodynamics changes in abdominal cavity. The dynamic difficulty of venous blood outflow from a liver at simulated in antiorthostatic position changes of activation choleresis on an empty stomach was produced, by increase of a zone central perfusion of a liver parenchyma, biliary ductules dilation and of a gallbladder reduction, and were accompanied by choleresis in duodenum. The activation choleresis in a liver was accompanied by of reduction of the area of radioactive marker distribution in a liver, the decrease of hepatocytes metabolic activity and concentration function ofbiliary excretion system. Specificity of a functional condition of a liver within AOP reflects reaction caused by plethoric changes induced by body position, which is negative to vector of gravity. The mechanism of the revealed changes includes occurrence dynamic venous plethora in a liver, centralization hepatic blood flow with activation choleresis activity against the background tissual blood flow depletion in peripheral zones, reduction of hepatocytes metabolic activity and concentration function biliary excretion system.

[Specific features of the motor function of the digestive organs in persons with different degree of resistance to motion sickness]. / Nekotorye osobennosti motornoi funktsii organov pishchevareniia u lits s razlichnoi stepen'iu rezistentnosti k bolezni dvizheniia.

The effect of three exposures to Coriolis acceleration on the frequency and amplitude of fasting stomach contractions was investigated in 6 resistant and 16 susceptible to motion sickness test subjects. After tests all of them underwent gastroduodenoscopy and 4 subjects from each group were subjected to echography to measure gall bladder contractility in response to glucose-milk loads. After tests the motor activity of the stomach increased slightly in resistant subjects due to an increase of the amplitude and a slight decrease of biopotential frequency. During gastroscopy antral and pyloric sphincters were closed. In the stomach there was an insignificant amount of contents without gall. In the susceptible group, the motor activity was, on the contrary, inhibited due to a significant decline of the wave amplitude and frequency (by 40% and 11%, respectively). In the stomach, one or both sphincters were widely open; it also contained a large amount of gastric juice and gall. In 36% of susceptible and 17% resistant subjects, diaphragmatic hernia (at the esophageal opening) was found. Ultrasonic examination of the gall bladder showed that susceptible subjects developed its faster and stronger contraction when compared to resistant subject in response to glucose-milk loading. This pointed to a more prolonged duration of the gall excretion phase. Reactive changes of the gastroduodenal zone in response to motion tests facilitated duodenal-gastric reflux and major gastrointestinal symptoms of motion sickness.