[Effect of nitrates transferred from the mother on fetal hemoglobin and methemoglobin dynamics of lambs]. / Vliianie na predadenite ot maikata nitrati vurkhu dinamikata na fetalniia khemoglobin i metkhemoglobin pri agneta.

Investigated were 16 pregnant merino sheep, 5-7 years old with active weight 50 kg, divided into two groups--control and experimental. The experimental group was fed with forage, containing 0.65 nitrates from the dry substance of the ration. It was established that the elimination of part of the taken with the forage nitrates is realized through the milk. Traced were the periods of substitution of the fetal haemoglobin with adult in new-born lambs, and the influence of the liberated with the milk nitrates, taken by the sucking lambs, on the quantity of the methemoglobin.

[Clinico-biochemical and hematological studies in acute monensin poisoning in swine]. / Kliniko-biokhimichni i khematologichni prouchvaniia na akutno otraviane s monenzin pri svine.

Investigations were carried out with pigs divided into four groups and treated with monensin-Na at rates of 20, 30, and 50 mg/kg, once only, through a nose-pharyngeal tube. The total change in the clinical status was followed up. Most characteristic were found to be the changes setting in with the posture and locomotive apparatus--prolonged lying, pareses, etc. Blood was checked in the dynamic course of the disease at the 4th and the 24th hour as well as on the 6th day following monensin-Na treatment. The amount of haemoglobin and the erythrocyte count rose in the early stage of intoxication, and came back to normal after the 24 th hour. Leukocytosis with neutrophilia was also found. The serum level of selenium, calcium, vitamins A, B1, and C dropped substantially, while that of phosphorus and magnesium rose. The morphologic changes were found to be localized in the parenchymal organs and in the skeletal muscles. Featuring were diffuse hyperaemia, haemorrhages, granular degeneration, and focal necrosis.

[Dynamics of thyroid hormones and hematological and biochemical indices in chronic nitrate poisoning in sheep]. / Dinamika na tireoidnite khormoni i niakoi khematologichni i biokhimichni pokazateli pri khronichno nitratno otraviane na ovtse.

Experimental researches were carried out on sheep, fed with forage, containing 0.6% nitrate in the dry substance of the ration with the aim to follow the dynamics of the thyroid hormones, respectively the functions of the thyroid gland and its connection with some hematologic and biochemical indexes in the blood (methaemoglobin, blood sugar, carotene and vitamin A). It is ascertained that T3 and T4 decrease during the development of chronic nitrate poisoning, and the blood sugar and methaemoglobin are increased. The quantity of carotene and vitamin A is decreased, as a hypovitaminosis condition of the animal organism is achieved.

[Cerebrocortical necrosis in calves, sheep and goats]. / Prouchvane na tserebrokortikalnata nekroza pri teleta, ovtse i kozi.

Cerebrocortical necrosis was induced through the oral application of amprolium to calves (0.250 g/kg to 1.00 g/kg) and weaned lambs and goats (1.25 g/kg) in the course of 25 to 35 days. In order to shed light on the etiology of the disease an experiment was carried out with a ration rich in carbohydrates for calves and sheep. Clinically, the disease was manifested with nervous symptoms. Biochemically, a drop of the amount of B1 in the blood serum, liver, and brain was established, along with a rise of pyruvic acid in the blood serum. Morphologically, most characteristic were the laminar necroses, the domination colliquative processes that led to deformation, and the atrophy of the folds of the brain cortex. Analogous changes were found also in the investigation of the spontaneously affected calves and lambs originating from different farms.

[Effect of vitamin B1 and vitamin E on methionine poisoning in broiler chickens]. / Vliianie na vitamin B1 i vitamin E pri metioninova intoksikatsiia u pileta broileri.

An experiment was carried out with 100 broiler birds of the Leghorn breed, aged 20 days. The birds were divided into groups and were given various amounts of methionine--0,5, 2, and 3 per cent with the basic standard mixture. The clinical signs of methionine intoxication were followed up--drowsiness, weakness in the legs, opisthotonus, and twisting of the neck (torticollis) alons with the loss of equilibrium. It was found that with birds receiving 0.5 per cent methionine with the diet the amount of vitamins A, E, and B1 in the blood serum and the liver rose considerably, while with birds given 2 and 3 per cent methionine with the feed the amount of these vitamins dropped essentially. Therepeutic treatment with 3 mg of vitamin E and vitamin B1 each in the course of 4 to 6 days yielded a good effect. An improvement of the general condition and disappearance of the most typical symptoms of methionine intoxication were recorded.

[Effect of various amounts of lysine and methionine on pigs]. / Prouchvane vliianieto na razlichni kolichestva lizin i metionin pri praseta.

The influence was experimentally studied of different lysine and methionine amounts in pig rations on gain, blood picture and some blood serum biochemical indexes. A 95 per cent gain was recorded when 0.14 per cent Bulgarian lysine was added to the basal ration as against the group whose ration was supplemented by 0.20 per cent crystal imported lysine. Groups administered toxic lysine and methionine doses showed minimal gain or none. Blood serum Ca amount nearly doubled for groups showing excess of dietary lysine while P and M levels for the same groups appreciably dropped. Blood sugar level went up in methionine toxicosis.

[Total protein, protein fraction and free amino acid changes in the blood serum of chicks and pigs raised with supplementary amounts of amino acids]. / Promeni v obshtiia beltuk, beltuchnite fraktsii i svobodnite aminokiselini v kruven serum na pileta i praseta, izkhranvani s dopulnitelni kolichestva aminokiselini.

The effectof various quantities of lysine and methionine in bird and pig rations on the dynamics of total protein, protein fraction and free amino acids in the blood serum was studied. Total protein in the blood serum is reduced by about 30% in chickens and by 40-50% in pigs suffering from lysine toxicosis and 20-25% in chickens, and 45-50% in pigs suffering from methionine toxicosis. A proportional correlation between lysine quantity in the ration and albumen level in the blood serum was observed. In case of methionine toxicosis the quantity of albumens and alpha-globulins is reduced, while that of gamma-globulins is enhanced. Free amino acid level in the blood serum is directly correlated with the quantity of amino acids in the ration.

[Effect of varying amounts of lysine in the ration on chickens]. / Vliianie na razlichni kolichestva lizin v dazhbata pri pileta.

The effect of varying lysine quantities given in the daily ration to 20 day-old chickens was studied for a 40 day-period. Highest body gain (157% as compared to the control group) was observed in group I (0.20% lysine). Two and four per cent of lysine in the ration reduced the basic body gain by 69.7% and 66.9% respectively. The level of calcium, blood sugar, carotene and vitamin A rose considerably, while phosphorus and magnesium content was reduced. SGOT and SGTP values remained without significant changes. The relative kidney weight increased.

[Effect of varying amounts of methionine on chickens]. / Vurkhu vliianieto na razlichni kolichestva metionin pri pileta.

The effect of high methionine quantities on chickens was studied. The experiment was carried out with hundred 20-day old chicken-broilers, divided in four groups. A positive effect of 0.5% methionine added to the main ration was recorded. It resulted in 1109 g gain in weight as compared to 819,1 g for the control group. Two and three percent of methionine reduced the gain with 52.49 and 44.13% respectively. Toxic reactions were observed in II and III groups. Lethality in these groups reached 30 and 60% respectively. Haemoglobin content was considerably reduced, while blood sugar, carotene and vitamin A contents increased proportionally to the methionin quantities introduced in the ration. No significant changes in the values of serum calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and SGOT, SGPT activity before and after the experiment were established.