ABSTRACT
ANTECEDENTES: La dermatitis por contacto fotoalérgica (DCFA) a oxibenzona fue por primera vez documentada en 1980, siendo hoy el principal fotoalérgeno de Estados Unidos de América, Canadá y el cuarto en Europa. En Argentina no existen datos ni publicaciones con respecto a esta reacción cutánea. OBJETIVO: Conocer el porcentaje de pacientes con fotosensibilidad afectados con fotoalergia a oxibenzona. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Un total de 35 pacientes con reacciones fotosensibles con prueba del fotoparche en el Centro de investigación del Hospital Público San Martín, en la ciudad de La Plata, fueron estudiados durante los años 2015 y 2016. RESULTADOS: Se observó el 17,14% de DCFA, presentando 5 (14,28%) pacientes al menos una reacción positiva a oxibenzona en el test de fotoparche, 4 pacientes solo en la zona irradiada con 5 J/cm2 (de UVA) y solo un paciente tanto en la zona irradiada como en la no irradiada. CONCLUSIONES: La DCFA a protectores solares compuestos por oxibenzona es frecuente y se presume infradiagnosticada debido a la falta de estudios confirmatorios como la prueba del fotoparche. El porcentaje de sensibilización varía de acuerdo con cada región, sobre todo por las distintas composiciones y costumbres de uso en protectores solares, cosméticos y tratamiento tópico
BACKGROUND: Photoallergic contact dermatitis (PACD) to oxybenzone was reported for the first time in 1980. Oxybenzone is the most common photoallergen in the United States and Canada and the fourth most common .in Europe. There are no studies or data on the prevalence of oxybenzone PACD in Argentina. OBJECTIVE: To determine the proportion of photosensitive patients with PACD to oxybenzone. METHODS: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study of 35 patients with photosensitivity reactions confirmed by photopatch testing at the Research Center of Hospital Público San Martín in La Plata, Argentina, in 2015 and 2016. RESULTS: PACD was identified in 6 patients (17.14%). Five of these (14.28%) had at least one positive reaction to oxybenzone in the photopatch test; 4 had a reaction at irradiated sites only (5 J/cm2 UVA) and one had a reaction at both irradiated and nonirradiated sites. CONCLUSIONS: PACD to sunscreens containing oxybenzone is common and is probably underdiagnosed due to a lack of confirmation by photopatch tests or other diagnostic tools. Sensitization rates vary according to region and are influenced by sunscreen ingredients and variations in the use of sunscreen products, cosmetics, and topical drugs
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Dermatitis, Photoallergic/etiology , Dermatitis, Photoallergic/therapy , Sunscreening Agents/adverse effects , Photosensitivity Disorders/etiology , Observational Study , Argentina/epidemiology , Photosensitivity Disorders/therapy , Administration, Topical , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Photoallergic contact dermatitis (PACD) to oxybenzone was reported for the first time in 1980. Oxybenzone is the most common photoallergen in the United States and Canada and the fourth most common .in Europe. There are no studies or data on the prevalence of oxybenzone PACD in Argentina. OBJECTIVE: To determine the proportion of photosensitive patients with PACD to oxybenzone. METHODS: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study of 35 patients with photosensitivity reactions confirmed by photopatch testing at the Research Center of Hospital Público San Martín in La Plata, Argentina, in 2015 and 2016. RESULTS: PACD was identified in 6 patients (17.14%). Five of these (14.28%) had at least one positive reaction to oxybenzone in the photopatch test; 4 had a reaction at irradiated sites only (5 J/cm2 UVA) and one had a reaction at both irradiated and nonirradiated sites. CONCLUSIONS: PACD to sunscreens containing oxybenzone is common and is probably underdiagnosed due to a lack of confirmation by photopatch tests or other diagnostic tools. Sensitization rates vary according to region and are influenced by sunscreen ingredients and variations in the use of sunscreen products, cosmetics, and topical drugs.
